{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3011420108","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2020.2975837","title":"PoPPL: Pedestrian Trajectory Prediction by LSTM With Automatic Route Class Clustering","display_name":"PoPPL: Pedestrian Trajectory Prediction by LSTM With Automatic Route Class Clustering","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-03-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3011420108","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2020.2975837","mag":"3011420108","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32167913"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnnls.2020.2975837","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2020.2975837","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2020.2975837","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210175523","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","issn_l":"2162-237X","issn":["2162-237X","2162-2388"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","ccf-b","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000564739","display_name":"Hao Xue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1700-9215","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1700-9215"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177877127","display_name":"The University of Western Australia","ror":"https://ror.org/047272k79","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177877127"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Xue","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1700-9215","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177877127"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087072096","display_name":"Du Q. Huynh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3080-9655","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3080-9655"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177877127","display_name":"The University of Western Australia","ror":"https://ror.org/047272k79","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177877127"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Du Q. Huynh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3080-9655","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177877127"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036930915","display_name":"Mark A Reynolds","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5415-0544","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5415-0544"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177877127","display_name":"The University of Western Australia","ror":"https://ror.org/047272k79","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177877127"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Reynolds","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5415-0544","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177877127"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177877127"],"apc_list":{"value":2045,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2045},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5537,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":86,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89090909,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"1","first_page":"77","last_page":"90"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11500","display_name":"Evacuation and Crowd Dynamics","score":0.5508000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11500","display_name":"Evacuation and Crowd Dynamics","score":0.5508000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.3359000086784363,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.05689999833703041,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedestrian-trajectory-prediction","display_name":"pedestrian trajectory prediction","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trajectory-clustering","display_name":"trajectory clustering","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/destination-prediction","display_name":"destination prediction","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bidirectional-lstm","display_name":"bidirectional LSTM","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedestrian-movement-patterns","display_name":"pedestrian movement patterns","score":0.5989999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crowded-scenes","display_name":"crowded scenes","score":0.32499998807907104}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777113093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221488","display_name":"Pedestrian","level":2,"score":0.8150075674057007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7787303328514099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13662910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193139","display_name":"Trajectory","level":2,"score":0.776879608631134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.7031767964363098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777735758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817765","display_name":"Path (computing)","level":2,"score":0.581787645816803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5512501001358032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4612208306789398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4325324296951294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3926902115345001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2565329074859619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.09952214360237122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069636","descriptor_name":"Pedestrians","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005544","descriptor_name":"Forecasting","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009068","descriptor_name":"Movement","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016000","descriptor_name":"Cluster Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnnls.2020.2975837","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2020.2975837","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2020.2975837","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210175523","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","issn_l":"2162-237X","issn":["2162-237X","2162-2388"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","ccf-b","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32167913","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32167913","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on neural networks and learning systems","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/0c67cf8a-7289-466e-a6ec-cdaf57b07c2e","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research-repository.uwa.edu.au/en/publications/0c67cf8a-7289-466e-a6ec-cdaf57b07c2e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402523","display_name":"UWA Profiles and Research Repository (University of Western Australia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I177877127","host_organization_name":"The University of Western Australia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177877127"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Xue, H, Huynh, D & Reynolds, M 2021, 'PoPPL : Pedestrian Trajectory Prediction by LSTM With Automatic Route Class Clustering', IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems, vol. 32, no. 1, 9031707, pp. 77-90. https://doi.org/10.1109/TNNLS.2020.2975837","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:alma.61RMIT_INST:11271856060001341","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TNNLS.2020.2975837","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402074","display_name":"RMIT Research Repository (RMIT University Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I82951845","host_organization_name":"RMIT University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:alma61RMIT.INST:11271856060001341","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TNNLS.2020.2975837","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402074","display_name":"RMIT Research Repository (RMIT University Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I82951845","host_organization_name":"RMIT University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/27531549","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/PoPPL_Pedestrian_Trajectory_Prediction_by_LSTM_With_Automatic_Route_Class_Clustering/27531549","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.666700005531311}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320991","display_name":"University of Western Australia","ror":"https://ror.org/047272k79"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":72,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1484830317","https://openalex.org/W1499049447","https://openalex.org/W1560013842","https://openalex.org/W1772464306","https://openalex.org/W1810943226","https://openalex.org/W1820081798","https://openalex.org/W1902237438","https://openalex.org/W1905882502","https://openalex.org/W1922838137","https://openalex.org/W1924770834","https://openalex.org/W1947481528","https://openalex.org/W1982696459","https://openalex.org/W2005708641","https://openalex.org/W2036721747","https://openalex.org/W2037629065","https://openalex.org/W2040321327","https://openalex.org/W2061773916","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2072956256","https://openalex.org/W2082585576","https://openalex.org/W2092272787","https://openalex.org/W2093462978","https://openalex.org/W2102113734","https://openalex.org/W2110934250","https://openalex.org/W2118371392","https://openalex.org/W2129520225","https://openalex.org/W2130942839","https://openalex.org/W2133564696","https://openalex.org/W2135198515","https://openalex.org/W2136016850","https://openalex.org/W2143612262","https://openalex.org/W2146183743","https://openalex.org/W2146944178","https://openalex.org/W2147880780","https://openalex.org/W2155295407","https://openalex.org/W2163145488","https://openalex.org/W2167052694","https://openalex.org/W2242047860","https://openalex.org/W2296153000","https://openalex.org/W2396777931","https://openalex.org/W2424778531","https://openalex.org/W2507191791","https://openalex.org/W2539781657","https://openalex.org/W2572984335","https://openalex.org/W2575312266","https://openalex.org/W2576001372","https://openalex.org/W2589747988","https://openalex.org/W2593239008","https://openalex.org/W2604522653","https://openalex.org/W2606407262","https://openalex.org/W2607296803","https://openalex.org/W2613328025","https://openalex.org/W2613498939","https://openalex.org/W2616779535","https://openalex.org/W2716916105","https://openalex.org/W2736334449","https://openalex.org/W2737816061","https://openalex.org/W2740185481","https://openalex.org/W2766836212","https://openalex.org/W2780426076","https://openalex.org/W2801667201","https://openalex.org/W2890177507","https://openalex.org/W2895281799","https://openalex.org/W2952587893","https://openalex.org/W2953092061","https://openalex.org/W2964160397","https://openalex.org/W2964308564","https://openalex.org/W2974686944","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6680216056","https://openalex.org/W6731786745","https://openalex.org/W6744950155"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2780426076","https://openalex.org/W4200005150","https://openalex.org/W3004922758","https://openalex.org/W2886285682","https://openalex.org/W3005443528","https://openalex.org/W3121680710","https://openalex.org/W4285106399","https://openalex.org/W4324119387","https://openalex.org/W3129684859","https://openalex.org/W2424778531"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Pedestrian":[0],"path":[1],"prediction":[2,22,91,175,179],"is":[3],"a":[4,50,62,103],"very":[5],"challenging":[6],"problem":[7],"because":[8],"scenes":[9],"are":[10],"often":[11],"crowded":[12],"or":[13],"contain":[14],"obstacles.":[15],"Existing":[16],"state-of-the-art":[17,155],"long":[18],"short-term":[19],"memory":[20],"(LSTM)-based":[21],"methods":[23,156,170],"have":[24,150],"been":[25],"mainly":[26],"focused":[27],"on":[28,78,157],"analyzing":[29],"the":[30,36,43,73,79,90,99,109,118,125,131,146,177],"influence":[31],"of":[32,38,45,64,92,124,139],"other":[33,154,169],"people":[34],"in":[35,48,108,130],"neighborhood":[37],"each":[39],"pedestrian":[40,59,74,93],"while":[41],"neglecting":[42],"role":[44],"potential":[46,173],"destinations":[47],"determining":[49],"walking":[51],"path.":[52],"In":[53],"this":[54],"article,":[55],"we":[56,88],"propose":[57],"classifying":[58],"trajectories":[60,115,142],"into":[61],"number":[63],"route":[65],"classes":[66],"(RCs)":[67],"and":[68,112,171],"using":[69],"them":[70],"to":[71,117],"describe":[72],"movement":[75],"patterns.":[76],"Based":[77],"RCs":[80],"obtained":[81],"from":[82],"trajectory":[83,178],"clustering,":[84],"our":[85,166],"algorithm,":[86],"which":[87],"name":[89],"paths":[94],"by":[95],"LSTM":[96,105],"(PoPPL),":[97],"predicts":[98],"destination":[100,120,147,174],"regions":[101,121],"through":[102,122],"bidirectional":[104],"classification":[106],"network":[107],"first":[110],"stage":[111],"then":[113],"generates":[114],"corresponding":[116],"predicted":[119,141],"one":[123],"three":[126],"proposed":[127],"LSTM-based":[128],"architectures":[129],"second":[132],"stage.":[133],"Our":[134],"algorithm":[135,167],"also":[136],"outputs":[137],"probabilities":[138],"multiple":[140],"that":[143,165],"head":[144],"toward":[145],"regions.":[148],"We":[149],"evaluated":[151],"PoPPL":[152],"against":[153],"two":[158],"public":[159],"data":[160],"sets.":[161],"The":[162],"results":[163],"show":[164],"outperforms":[168],"incorporating":[172],"improves":[176],"accuracy.":[180]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2020-03-23T00:00:00"}