{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3009705587","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00104","title":"Cell Seeding Process Experiment and Simulation on Three-Dimensional Polyhedron and Cross-Link Design Scaffolds","display_name":"Cell Seeding Process Experiment and Simulation on Three-Dimensional Polyhedron and Cross-Link Design Scaffolds","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-03-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3009705587","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00104","mag":"3009705587","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32195229","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7064471"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fbioe.2020.00104","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00104","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00104","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00104/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595131146","display_name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","issn_l":"2296-4185","issn":["2296-4185"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00104/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100350067","display_name":"Ziyu Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4983-0120","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4983-0120"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802751111","display_name":"Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/043j9bc42","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802751111","https://openalex.org/I4210118734"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziyu Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, University College London, London, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, University College London, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802751111","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066898736","display_name":"Maryam Tamaddon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4669-3597","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4669-3597"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802751111","display_name":"Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/043j9bc42","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802751111","https://openalex.org/I4210118734"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maryam Tamaddon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, University College London, London, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, University College London, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802751111","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yingying Gu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802751111","display_name":"Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/043j9bc42","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802751111","https://openalex.org/I4210118734"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yingying Gu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, University College London, London, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, University College London, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802751111","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027949013","display_name":"Jianshu Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3862-5156","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3862-5156"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802751111","display_name":"Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/043j9bc42","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802751111","https://openalex.org/I4210118734"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianshu Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, University College London, London, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, University College London, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802751111","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Nan Xu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391767896","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing","ror":"https://ror.org/01t8xrx60","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4391767896","https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nan Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education of China, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education of China, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4391767896","https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030043867","display_name":"Fangli Gang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1507-2539","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1507-2539"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391767896","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing","ror":"https://ror.org/01t8xrx60","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4391767896","https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fangli Gang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education of China, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education of China, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4391767896","https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102119224","display_name":"Xiaodan Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5210-128X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5210-128X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391767896","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing","ror":"https://ror.org/01t8xrx60","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4391767896","https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiaodan Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education of China, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education of China, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4391767896","https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073315164","display_name":"Chaozong Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9854-4043","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9854-4043","https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0371-1299"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802751111","display_name":"Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/043j9bc42","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802751111","https://openalex.org/I4210118734"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chaozong Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, University College London, London, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, University College London, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802751111","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5073315164","https://openalex.org/A5102119224"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802751111","https://openalex.org/I4391767896","https://openalex.org/I45129253","https://openalex.org/I99065089"],"apc_list":{"value":2950,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2950},"apc_paid":{"value":2950,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2950},"fwci":1.5492,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":39,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80862081,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"104","last_page":"104"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11190","display_name":"3D Printing in Biomedical Research","score":0.358599990606308,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11190","display_name":"3D Printing in Biomedical Research","score":0.358599990606308,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10059","display_name":"Bone Tissue Engineering Materials","score":0.3508000075817108,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12264","display_name":"Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine","score":0.1370999962091446,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-seeding","display_name":"cell seeding","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tissue-engineering-scaffolds","display_name":"tissue engineering scaffolds","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/truncated-octahedron","display_name":"truncated octahedron","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scaffold-design-optimization","display_name":"scaffold design optimization","score":0.6570000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-distribution","display_name":"cell distribution","score":0.6290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-adhesion","display_name":"cell adhesion","score":0.878000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-diffusion","display_name":"cell diffusion","score":0.5239999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/volume-of-fluid-method","display_name":"volume of fluid method","score":0.7580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-particle-method","display_name":"discrete particle model","score":0.8899999856948853}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36248471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7445669","display_name":"Seeding","level":2,"score":0.8273665904998779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89429830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735710","display_name":"Scaffold","level":2,"score":0.8240589499473572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5377377271652222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49892992","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540285","display_name":"Tissue engineering","level":2,"score":0.5354557037353516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5301474332809448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186060115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30336093","display_name":"Biological system","level":1,"score":0.48420026898384094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85789140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187640","display_name":"Cell adhesion","level":3,"score":0.43976590037345886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4300905466079712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.35350799560546875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.35320377349853516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12554922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7100","display_name":"Biophysics","level":1,"score":0.3403216004371643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84416704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188666","display_name":"Adhesion","level":2,"score":0.2908412218093872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15531057119369507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.11595314741134644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fbioe.2020.00104","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00104","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00104","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00104/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595131146","display_name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","issn_l":"2296-4185","issn":["2296-4185"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:6026152","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7064471","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7064471","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7064471","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Bioeng Biotechnol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:32195229","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32195229","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2ddad45abb6e4c24840824da7a7dc50e","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2ddad45abb6e4c24840824da7a7dc50e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Vol 8 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:10092912","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10092912/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology , 8 , Article 104. (2020)","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fbioe.2020.00104","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00104","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00104","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00104/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595131146","display_name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","issn_l":"2296-4185","issn":["2296-4185"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3345895242","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"H2020-MSCA","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","funder_display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3477743816","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"H2020-MSCA-RISE","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","funder_display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5219120781","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"734156","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","funder_display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7347278365","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"21977","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327444","funder_display_name":"Versus Arthritis"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320045","display_name":"Arthritis Research UK","ror":"https://ror.org/03phf2w66"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327444","display_name":"Versus Arthritis","ror":"https://ror.org/02jkpm469"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335087","display_name":"Innovate UK","ror":"https://ror.org/05ar5fy68"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3009705587.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3009705587.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1511793250","https://openalex.org/W1554106567","https://openalex.org/W1599397860","https://openalex.org/W1964131474","https://openalex.org/W1969415648","https://openalex.org/W1973011350","https://openalex.org/W1984589322","https://openalex.org/W1985206216","https://openalex.org/W1989749274","https://openalex.org/W2007531782","https://openalex.org/W2007534847","https://openalex.org/W2007934094","https://openalex.org/W2018448036","https://openalex.org/W2022501408","https://openalex.org/W2024043140","https://openalex.org/W2035405551","https://openalex.org/W2036912612","https://openalex.org/W2037706144","https://openalex.org/W2040157816","https://openalex.org/W2040418697","https://openalex.org/W2059325835","https://openalex.org/W2065317310","https://openalex.org/W2068086748","https://openalex.org/W2072493188","https://openalex.org/W2075282047","https://openalex.org/W2077915717","https://openalex.org/W2091441664","https://openalex.org/W2102179078","https://openalex.org/W2107034380","https://openalex.org/W2108217947","https://openalex.org/W2113613856","https://openalex.org/W2159210886","https://openalex.org/W2263930456","https://openalex.org/W2272819558","https://openalex.org/W2394974652","https://openalex.org/W2403621207","https://openalex.org/W2586945753","https://openalex.org/W6676112405"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2035405551","https://openalex.org/W7162368794","https://openalex.org/W2729211436","https://openalex.org/W2897102022","https://openalex.org/W1995545392","https://openalex.org/W2394974652","https://openalex.org/W2886053959","https://openalex.org/W4414398616","https://openalex.org/W168580383","https://openalex.org/W2136525368"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Controlled":[0],"cell":[1,19,50,82,107,132,164],"seeding":[2,20,51,108],"on":[3],"scaffolds":[4],"is":[5,14,159],"a":[6,63,116],"significant":[7],"step":[8],"towards":[9],"successful":[10],"tissue":[11,32,157],"engineering.":[12],"It":[13],"essential":[15],"to":[16,24,27,120,138,146,152,162,171],"know":[17],"the":[18,29,96,128,163,173,180],"efficiency":[21],"and":[22,43,53,70,101,178],"distribution":[23],"be":[25],"able":[26],"optimize":[28,153],"design":[30],"of":[31,37,60,67,131,175,182],"engineering":[33],"scaffolds.":[34],"Two":[35],"type":[36],"scaffolds,":[38],"including":[39],"truncated":[40],"octahedron":[41],"structure":[42],"cubic":[44],"structure,":[45],"were":[46],"designed":[47],"for":[48,56,106,124],"vitro":[49],"investigation":[52],"subsequently":[54],"modification":[55],"simulation":[57,90,113],"approach.":[58],"Both":[59],"scaffold":[61,154,177],"showed":[62],"gradual":[64],"lateral":[65],"variation":[66],"attached":[68],"cells,":[69],"live":[71],"cells":[72,122,148],"movement":[73],"are":[74,136],"exremly":[75],"slow":[76],"by":[77,92],"only":[78],"diffusion":[79],"while":[80],"dead":[81],"can":[83],"not":[84],"move":[85],"without":[86],"external":[87],"force.":[88],"A":[89],"approach,":[91],"ANSYS":[93],"Fluent":[94],"coupling":[95],"VOF":[97],"model,":[98,103],"DPM":[99],"model":[100,119,167],"CIM":[102],"was":[104],"developed":[105],"process":[109],"in":[110,134],"scaffold.":[111],"The":[112],"approches":[114],"supply":[115],"more":[117],"accurate":[118],"simulate":[121],"adhesion":[123],"three-dimension":[125],"structure.":[126],"As":[127,156],"initial":[129],"stages":[130],"attachment":[133],"vivo":[135],"hard":[137],"observe,":[139],"this":[140,166],"novel":[141],"method":[142],"provides":[143],"an":[144],"opportunity":[145],"predict":[147,172],"distribution,":[149,165],"thereby":[150],"helping":[151],"structures.":[155],"formation":[158],"highcly":[160],"related":[161],"may":[168],"help":[169],"researchers":[170],"effect":[174],"applied":[176],"reduce":[179],"number":[181],"animal":[183],"testing.":[184]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2020-03-13T00:00:00"}