{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3003391244","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226761","title":"An accurate, precise, and affordable light emitting diode spectrophotometer for drinking water and other testing with limited resources","display_name":"An accurate, precise, and affordable light emitting diode spectrophotometer for drinking water and other testing with limited resources","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3003391244","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226761","mag":"3003391244","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31995571","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6988917"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0226761","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226761","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226761","pdf_url":"https://storage.googleapis.com/plos-corpus-prod/10.1371/journal.pone.0226761/1/pone.0226761.pdf?X-Goog-Algorithm=GOOG4-RSA-SHA256&X-Goog-Credential=wombat-sa%40plos-prod.iam.gserviceaccount.com%2F20210223%2Fauto%2Fstorage%2Fgoog4_request&X-Goog-Date=20210223T064905Z&X-Goog-Expires=3600&X-Goog-SignedHeaders=host&X-Goog-Signature=8476eff78b1b0b6d7da18f8118fed5ca30558094e68d35d275668cb8d18ede632bcecdf9d26bd2c74feab2f0d86a182e3bf138e0b36f07d10ca67fa30749ce3b4fc0754688b1b30d8e13835faa9962b9171026f23fdeb23f6f674a6b97366ab8b9344b5e9eb1d98e70bf97e606c624ffcb3c265e38e8cd91844e4fa138ba02ebbe7215cf676cf84295eebe2c52895210fbcd396c6f1b17debc454eab33a9e1b12edd2859cdb445bc1476de00ed26d04f667a9aa44ee413fe34a4de222e577f272eb47e63f099234ac4942e4c8ac95a742573d4d7d545008a228f4050684fb75e065b66a1f1f8b9be504804b3d9edb4e2124df1b3d3432508147e7cd17e2f10f9","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202381698","display_name":"PLoS ONE","issn_l":"1932-6203","issn":["1932-6203"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS ONE","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://storage.googleapis.com/plos-corpus-prod/10.1371/journal.pone.0226761/1/pone.0226761.pdf?X-Goog-Algorithm=GOOG4-RSA-SHA256&X-Goog-Credential=wombat-sa%40plos-prod.iam.gserviceaccount.com%2F20210223%2Fauto%2Fstorage%2Fgoog4_request&X-Goog-Date=20210223T064905Z&X-Goog-Expires=3600&X-Goog-SignedHeaders=host&X-Goog-Signature=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","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085308422","display_name":"Michael W. Prairie","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169768744","display_name":"Norwich University","ror":"https://ror.org/04we7d902","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169768744"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael W. Prairie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Norwich University, Northfield, VT, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Norwich University, Northfield, VT, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169768744"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028997705","display_name":"Seth H. Frisbie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6611-6039","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6611-6039"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169768744","display_name":"Norwich University","ror":"https://ror.org/04we7d902","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169768744"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Seth H. Frisbie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Norwich University, Northfield, VT, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6611-6039","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Norwich University, Northfield, VT, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169768744"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109488231","display_name":"K. Kesava Rao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8890-7904","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8890-7904"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59270414","display_name":"Indian Institute of Science Bangalore","ror":"https://ror.org/04dese585","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Kesava Rao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090091620","display_name":"Anyamanee H. Saksri","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169768744","display_name":"Norwich University","ror":"https://ror.org/04we7d902","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169768744"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anyamanee H. Saksri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Norwich University, Northfield, VT, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Norwich University, Northfield, VT, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169768744"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114286272","display_name":"Shreyas Parbat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3014-9859","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3014-9859"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59270414","display_name":"Indian Institute of Science Bangalore","ror":"https://ror.org/04dese585","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shreyas Parbat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041622352","display_name":"Erika J. Mitchell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2580-5799","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2580-5799"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erika J. Mitchell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Better Life Laboratories, Incorporated, East Calais, VT, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Better Life Laboratories, Incorporated, East Calais, VT, United States of America","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028997705"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169768744"],"apc_list":{"value":1695,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1695},"apc_paid":{"value":1695,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1695},"fwci":1.864,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83954991,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"1","first_page":"e0226761","last_page":"e0226761"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14249","display_name":"Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.7813000082969666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2311","display_name":"Waste Management and Disposal"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14249","display_name":"Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.7813000082969666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2311","display_name":"Waste Management and Disposal"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11393","display_name":"Biosensors and Analytical Detection","score":0.09300000220537186,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11472","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry and Sensors","score":0.04659999907016754,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1602","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-cost-instrumentation","display_name":"low-cost instrumentation","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drinking-water-analysis","display_name":"drinking water analysis","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iron-determination","display_name":"iron determination","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manganese-determination","display_name":"manganese determination","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fluoride-determination","display_name":"fluoride determination","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calibration-sensitivity","display_name":"calibration sensitivity","score":0.7910000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detection-limit","display_name":"detection limit","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-resource-laboratories","display_name":"low-resource laboratories","score":0.6890000104904175}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.7137687802314758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119128265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900165","display_name":"Detection limit","level":2,"score":0.6083616018295288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10390740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2282401","display_name":"Analyte","level":2,"score":0.5966881513595581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5256819725036621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23531484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3196863","display_name":"Calibration curve","level":3,"score":0.4701656997203827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56819118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27084","display_name":"Parts-per notation","level":2,"score":0.4306832253932953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10349863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6553497","display_name":"Linear range","level":3,"score":0.4129261374473572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.4119633436203003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.32896149158477783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.265593558549881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.25874006748199463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.21432971954345703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.1800958216190338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.10948944091796875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002138","descriptor_name":"Calibration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005459","descriptor_name":"Fluorides","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007501","descriptor_name":"Iron","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008027","descriptor_name":"Light","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008345","descriptor_name":"Manganese","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013053","descriptor_name":"Spectrophotometry","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013053","descriptor_name":"Spectrophotometry","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D060766","descriptor_name":"Drinking Water","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0226761","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226761","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226761","pdf_url":"https://storage.googleapis.com/plos-corpus-prod/10.1371/journal.pone.0226761/1/pone.0226761.pdf?X-Goog-Algorithm=GOOG4-RSA-SHA256&X-Goog-Credential=wombat-sa%40plos-prod.iam.gserviceaccount.com%2F20210223%2Fauto%2Fstorage%2Fgoog4_request&X-Goog-Date=20210223T064905Z&X-Goog-Expires=3600&X-Goog-SignedHeaders=host&X-Goog-Signature=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","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202381698","display_name":"PLoS ONE","issn_l":"1932-6203","issn":["1932-6203"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS ONE","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:31995571","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31995571","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PloS one","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6988917","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6988917/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS One","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai::79313","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.iisc.ac.in/79313/1/Plo_One_15-1_2020.pdf","pdf_url":"https://eprints.iisc.ac.in/79313/1/Plo_One_15-1_2020.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196309","display_name":"NOT FOUND REPOSITORY (Indian Institute of Science Bangalore)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I59270414","host_organization_name":"Indian Institute of Science Bangalore","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59270414"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:dacac396cc614feb9d574346a7b781da","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/dacac396cc614feb9d574346a7b781da","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PLoS ONE, Vol 15, Iss 1, p e0226761 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/11764728","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/An_accurate_precise_and_affordable_light_emitting_diode_spectrophotometer_for_drinking_water_and_other_testing_with_limited_resources/11764728","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Dataset"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0226761","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226761","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226761","pdf_url":"https://storage.googleapis.com/plos-corpus-prod/10.1371/journal.pone.0226761/1/pone.0226761.pdf?X-Goog-Algorithm=GOOG4-RSA-SHA256&X-Goog-Credential=wombat-sa%40plos-prod.iam.gserviceaccount.com%2F20210223%2Fauto%2Fstorage%2Fgoog4_request&X-Goog-Date=20210223T064905Z&X-Goog-Expires=3600&X-Goog-SignedHeaders=host&X-Goog-Signature=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","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202381698","display_name":"PLoS ONE","issn_l":"1932-6203","issn":["1932-6203"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS ONE","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","score":0.53329998254776,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322724","display_name":"Ministry of Education, India","ror":"https://ror.org/048xjjh50"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337407","display_name":"Division of Human Resource Development","ror":"https://ror.org/03mamvh39"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3003391244.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3003391244.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W207830336","https://openalex.org/W635307206","https://openalex.org/W656353280","https://openalex.org/W1497508684","https://openalex.org/W1507976894","https://openalex.org/W1520995987","https://openalex.org/W1566667650","https://openalex.org/W1585799942","https://openalex.org/W1856219842","https://openalex.org/W1953350761","https://openalex.org/W1978711582","https://openalex.org/W1982482980","https://openalex.org/W1982674292","https://openalex.org/W2020454941","https://openalex.org/W2053885273","https://openalex.org/W2092089000","https://openalex.org/W2092911481","https://openalex.org/W2093999520","https://openalex.org/W2113143305","https://openalex.org/W2128382768","https://openalex.org/W2131077771","https://openalex.org/W2133750711","https://openalex.org/W2149357942","https://openalex.org/W2255349640","https://openalex.org/W2270831647","https://openalex.org/W2273588365","https://openalex.org/W2346905224","https://openalex.org/W2476014298","https://openalex.org/W2480416803","https://openalex.org/W2502267052","https://openalex.org/W2553656653","https://openalex.org/W2783291356","https://openalex.org/W2783579629","https://openalex.org/W2811028939","https://openalex.org/W2911906941","https://openalex.org/W2943861365","https://openalex.org/W2946647157","https://openalex.org/W2987273874","https://openalex.org/W2998721384","https://openalex.org/W3003044952","https://openalex.org/W3127611755","https://openalex.org/W3146425672","https://openalex.org/W3158835490","https://openalex.org/W4291114417"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2783579629","https://openalex.org/W2131077771","https://openalex.org/W7099544896","https://openalex.org/W2092911481","https://openalex.org/W1968485208","https://openalex.org/W4412970863","https://openalex.org/W2911906941","https://openalex.org/W2763763311","https://openalex.org/W7119300643","https://openalex.org/W4283731354"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Spectrophotometers":[0],"are":[1,162],"commonly":[2],"used":[3],"to":[4,28,158],"measure":[5],"the":[6,77,85,114,132,167,193,200,209,216,222,240,250],"concentrations":[7],"of":[8,12,64,79,88,93,101,105,116,170,175,181,186,199,237,255],"a":[9,205],"wide":[10],"variety":[11],"analytes":[13],"in":[14,124,131,154,166,208],"drinking":[15,125,265],"water":[16,266],"and":[17,41,50,56,62,107,121,136,183,192,215,227,235,253,259,267],"other":[18,268],"matrixes;":[19],"however,":[20],"many":[21],"laboratories":[22],"with":[23,270],"limited":[24,271],"resources":[25],"cannot":[26],"afford":[27],"buy":[29],"these":[30,80],"very":[31],"useful":[32],"instruments.":[33],"To":[34],"meet":[35],"this":[36,65,247],"need,":[37],"an":[38,256],"accurate,":[39,257],"precise,":[40,258],"affordable":[42,261],"light":[43],"emitting":[44],"diode":[45],"(LED)":[46],"spectrophotometer":[47,67,140,191,214,232,263],"was":[48,68,82,129],"designed":[49],"built":[51],"using":[52,229,239],"best":[53],"engineering":[54],"practices":[55],"modern":[57],"circuit":[58],"design.":[59],"The":[60,149],"cost":[61,155],"performance":[63,78,254],"LED":[66,139,190,213,231,262],"compared":[69],"against":[70],"4":[71,150,194,217,241],"common":[72],"commercial":[73,151,195,218,242],"spectrophotometers.":[74,196,219],"More":[75,220],"specifically,":[76,221],"spectrophotometers":[81,152],"evaluated":[83],"from":[84,156],"upper":[86,91,168,173],"limits":[87,92,104,169,174,185],"linear":[89,171],"range,":[90,95,172,177],"operational":[94,176],"calibration":[96,109,210,223],"sensitivities,":[97],"R2":[98,178],"values,":[99,179],"precisions":[100,180],"standards,":[102,182],"estimated":[103,184],"detection,":[106],"percent":[108],"check":[110],"standard":[111],"recoveries":[112],"for":[113,147,188,225,264],"determinations":[115],"iron":[117],"(Fe),":[118],"manganese":[119],"(Mn),":[120],"fluoride":[122],"(F-)":[123],"water.":[126],"This":[127],"evaluation":[128],"done":[130],"United":[133,143],"States":[134,144],"(U.S.)":[135],"India.":[137],"Our":[138],"costs":[141],"$63":[142],"Dollars":[145],"(USD)":[146],"parts.":[148],"ranged":[153],"$2,424":[157],"$7,644":[159],"USD.":[160],"There":[161],"no":[163],"practical":[164,206],"differences":[165],"detection":[187],"our":[189,212,230],"For":[197],"2":[198],"3":[201],"analytes,":[202],"there":[203],"is":[204],"difference":[207],"sensitivities":[211,224],"Mn":[226],"F-":[228],"were":[233],"65.2%":[234],"67.0%":[236],"those":[238],"spectrophotometers,":[243],"respectively.":[244],"In":[245],"conclusion,":[246],"paper":[248],"describes":[249],"design,":[251],"use,":[252],"extremely":[260],"testing":[269],"resources.":[272]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2020-02-07T00:00:00"}
