{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3000677020","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5802-5_3","title":"Immunosuppressive Agents: A Conceptual Overview of Their Action on Inductive and Regulatory Pathways","display_name":"Immunosuppressive Agents: A Conceptual Overview of Their Action on Inductive and Regulatory Pathways","publication_year":1982,"publication_date":"1982-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3000677020","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5802-5_3","mag":"3000677020"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-5802-5_3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5802-5_3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5802-5_3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463399","display_name":"Humana Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315801","host_organization_name":"Humana Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315801","https://openalex.org/P4310319900"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Humana Press","Springer Science+Business Media"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical Cellular Immunology","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2488282743","display_name":"Clinical Cellular Immunology"},"type":"book-chapter","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108372770","display_name":"M. Michael Sigel","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155781252","display_name":"University of South Carolina","ror":"https://ror.org/02b6qw903","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155781252"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. M. Sigel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155781252"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002330510","display_name":"Abdul Ghaffar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5994-8440","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5994-8440"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155781252","display_name":"University of South Carolina","ror":"https://ror.org/02b6qw903","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155781252"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Ghaffar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155781252"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014126483","display_name":"Larry J. McCumber","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155781252","display_name":"University of South Carolina","ror":"https://ror.org/02b6qw903","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155781252"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. J. Mc Cumber","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155781252"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110170920","display_name":"Edgar M. Huggins","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155781252","display_name":"University of South Carolina","ror":"https://ror.org/02b6qw903","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155781252"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. M. Huggins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155781252"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155781252"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9292,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62668785,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"67","last_page":"144"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14072","display_name":"Immunotoxicology and immune responses","score":0.8485999703407288,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14072","display_name":"Immunotoxicology and immune responses","score":0.8485999703407288,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12172","display_name":"Neutropenia and Cancer Infections","score":0.028200000524520874,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10580","display_name":"Immunotherapy and Immune Responses","score":0.015399999916553497,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunosuppressive-drugs","display_name":"immunosuppressants","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemotherapy-toxicity","display_name":"chemotherapy toxicity","score":0.7300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiotherapy-toxicity","display_name":"radiotherapy toxicity","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reticuloendothelial-system","display_name":"reticuloendothelial system","score":0.6700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immune-dysfunction","display_name":"immune dysfunction","score":0.5230000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/opportunistic-infections","display_name":"opportunistic infections","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cancer-therapy","display_name":"cancer therapy","score":0.42500001192092896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combination-therapy","display_name":"combination therapy","score":0.7070000171661377}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.74005126953125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509974204","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180507","display_name":"Radiation therapy","level":2,"score":0.7117553949356079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.6102854013442993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776694085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q974135","display_name":"Chemotherapy","level":2,"score":0.5542421340942383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779903281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888026","display_name":"Modalities","level":2,"score":0.5359383821487427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.5336334109306335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.4829501509666443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.4370035231113434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46622094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q659446","display_name":"Therapeutic window","level":2,"score":0.4270256757736206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.28462088108062744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.19847923517227173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.17262643575668335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-5802-5_3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5802-5_3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5802-5_3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463399","display_name":"Humana Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315801","host_organization_name":"Humana Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315801","https://openalex.org/P4310319900"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Humana Press","Springer Science+Business Media"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical Cellular Immunology","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9940000176429749}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":351,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W26111943","https://openalex.org/W26895232","https://openalex.org/W34342089","https://openalex.org/W47601468","https://openalex.org/W55114439","https://openalex.org/W82941063","https://openalex.org/W107922102","https://openalex.org/W126114442","https://openalex.org/W135731387","https://openalex.org/W167786466","https://openalex.org/W226270686","https://openalex.org/W247549074","https://openalex.org/W269894721","https://openalex.org/W566182004","https://openalex.org/W634279930","https://openalex.org/W964503500","https://openalex.org/W1480041320","https://openalex.org/W1481621854","https://openalex.org/W1483759627","https://openalex.org/W1484285187","https://openalex.org/W1486355638","https://openalex.org/W1489067674","https://openalex.org/W1491649609","https://openalex.org/W1493239053","https://openalex.org/W1493657798","https://openalex.org/W1496603983","https://openalex.org/W1499431872","https://openalex.org/W1501348451","https://openalex.org/W1501977413","https://openalex.org/W1502822858","https://openalex.org/W1503274940","https://openalex.org/W1503945123","https://openalex.org/W1505549451","https://openalex.org/W1507662062","https://openalex.org/W1508784014","https://openalex.org/W1510164861","https://openalex.org/W1513910629","https://openalex.org/W1514179227","https://openalex.org/W1514637666","https://openalex.org/W1515819071","https://openalex.org/W1526741582","https://openalex.org/W1527697882","https://openalex.org/W1530209367","https://openalex.org/W1543718903","https://openalex.org/W1545857330","https://openalex.org/W1549009904","https://openalex.org/W1550278711","https://openalex.org/W1551652349","https://openalex.org/W1552885427","https://openalex.org/W1556464251","https://openalex.org/W1556473901","https://openalex.org/W1557222241","https://openalex.org/W1558244799","https://openalex.org/W1563099165","https://openalex.org/W1564407686","https://openalex.org/W1565462295","https://openalex.org/W1566014256","https://openalex.org/W1567864914","https://openalex.org/W1569787647","https://openalex.org/W1572835920","https://openalex.org/W1577466977","https://openalex.org/W1578763029","https://openalex.org/W1579434064","https://openalex.org/W1580259009","https://openalex.org/W1580422827","https://openalex.org/W1581652632","https://openalex.org/W1582013747","https://openalex.org/W1585344970","https://openalex.org/W1590561990","https://openalex.org/W1590766460","https://openalex.org/W1592004202","https://openalex.org/W1593062466","https://openalex.org/W1595309367","https://openalex.org/W1595652226","https://openalex.org/W1595776359","https://openalex.org/W1595807555","https://openalex.org/W1596709021","https://openalex.org/W1599227175","https://openalex.org/W1600302022","https://openalex.org/W1601102803","https://openalex.org/W1602453720","https://openalex.org/W1603151691","https://openalex.org/W1604034057","https://openalex.org/W1616859078","https://openalex.org/W1633583339","https://openalex.org/W1637200794","https://openalex.org/W1644494874","https://openalex.org/W1653102362","https://openalex.org/W1653924208","https://openalex.org/W1654032370","https://openalex.org/W1668513253","https://openalex.org/W1668518521","https://openalex.org/W1670926075","https://openalex.org/W1678807742","https://openalex.org/W1749979503","https://openalex.org/W1773745900","https://openalex.org/W1832744773","https://openalex.org/W1846298611","https://openalex.org/W1862535202","https://openalex.org/W1867460328","https://openalex.org/W1878665901","https://openalex.org/W1909717545","https://openalex.org/W1912356528","https://openalex.org/W1913266639","https://openalex.org/W1921500440","https://openalex.org/W1928914006","https://openalex.org/W1936502726","https://openalex.org/W1950367249","https://openalex.org/W1951019181","https://openalex.org/W1957390944","https://openalex.org/W1957443243","https://openalex.org/W1964821212","https://openalex.org/W1966203928","https://openalex.org/W1967547442","https://openalex.org/W1967659222","https://openalex.org/W1968715585","https://openalex.org/W1968852400","https://openalex.org/W1969264080","https://openalex.org/W1970130048","https://openalex.org/W1973748176","https://openalex.org/W1973842127","https://openalex.org/W1974204636","https://openalex.org/W1974688645","https://openalex.org/W1974828072","https://openalex.org/W1975292724","https://openalex.org/W1975851945","https://openalex.org/W1976700028","https://openalex.org/W1979386742","https://openalex.org/W1983256549","https://openalex.org/W1984051362","https://openalex.org/W1984269037","https://openalex.org/W1984478982","https://openalex.org/W1984490106","https://openalex.org/W1984882172","https://openalex.org/W1985769938","https://openalex.org/W1986568637","https://openalex.org/W1986599937","https://openalex.org/W1992566751","https://openalex.org/W1993313479","https://openalex.org/W1993404174","https://openalex.org/W1995664352","https://openalex.org/W1996473567","https://openalex.org/W1998168979","https://openalex.org/W1999024796","https://openalex.org/W1999238822","https://openalex.org/W1999913849","https://openalex.org/W2000159749","https://openalex.org/W2000175809","https://openalex.org/W2001182173","https://openalex.org/W2002328752","https://openalex.org/W2004195826","https://openalex.org/W2005826470","https://openalex.org/W2006461011","https://openalex.org/W2007686427","https://openalex.org/W2009254613","https://openalex.org/W2009632016","https://openalex.org/W2009866888","https://openalex.org/W2011832120","https://openalex.org/W2012434010","https://openalex.org/W2013295182","https://openalex.org/W2014869602","https://openalex.org/W2015442219","https://openalex.org/W2018218318","https://openalex.org/W2018677586","https://openalex.org/W2021169541","https://openalex.org/W2022752255","https://openalex.org/W2023186710","https://openalex.org/W2024151692","https://openalex.org/W2024227582","https://openalex.org/W2025779172","https://openalex.org/W2025957661","https://openalex.org/W2026848153","https://openalex.org/W2028729517","https://openalex.org/W2030799519","https://openalex.org/W2031543831","https://openalex.org/W2034082610","https://openalex.org/W2035693978","https://openalex.org/W2036630189","https://openalex.org/W2037794246","https://openalex.org/W2040408033","https://openalex.org/W2041220005","https://openalex.org/W2041370911","https://openalex.org/W2042758073","https://openalex.org/W2043722708","https://openalex.org/W2044027929","https://openalex.org/W2045294108","https://openalex.org/W2046393749","https://openalex.org/W2048731569","https://openalex.org/W2048988734","https://openalex.org/W2050356435","https://openalex.org/W2050492409","https://openalex.org/W2052124211","https://openalex.org/W2052789843","https://openalex.org/W2053798662","https://openalex.org/W2055331426","https://openalex.org/W2056280614","https://openalex.org/W2057111746","https://openalex.org/W2057863810","https://openalex.org/W2058070303","https://openalex.org/W2058833242","https://openalex.org/W2060640530","https://openalex.org/W2060926084","https://openalex.org/W2061954876","https://openalex.org/W2066722240","https://openalex.org/W2068414160","https://openalex.org/W2068575315","https://openalex.org/W2068973446","https://openalex.org/W2069319055","https://openalex.org/W2070594329","https://openalex.org/W2073915832","https://openalex.org/W2075323748","https://openalex.org/W2082271469","https://openalex.org/W2082801152","https://openalex.org/W2084500689","https://openalex.org/W2084881941","https://openalex.org/W2086613600","https://openalex.org/W2087906157","https://openalex.org/W2091016026","https://openalex.org/W2092076408","https://openalex.org/W2092632215","https://openalex.org/W2093429935","https://openalex.org/W2093731559","https://openalex.org/W2094370729","https://openalex.org/W2094465569","https://openalex.org/W2096701477","https://openalex.org/W2097191747","https://openalex.org/W2098045571","https://openalex.org/W2099582289","https://openalex.org/W2102133847","https://openalex.org/W2102467546","https://openalex.org/W2102520206","https://openalex.org/W2103320120","https://openalex.org/W2104762289","https://openalex.org/W2105993705","https://openalex.org/W2107171616","https://openalex.org/W2107173060","https://openalex.org/W2111042594","https://openalex.org/W2112999151","https://openalex.org/W2115238418","https://openalex.org/W2116119595","https://openalex.org/W2118655639","https://openalex.org/W2118905757","https://openalex.org/W2119595431","https://openalex.org/W2120912287","https://openalex.org/W2121588568","https://openalex.org/W2127602393","https://openalex.org/W2131225164","https://openalex.org/W2131624029","https://openalex.org/W2133305280","https://openalex.org/W2133604906","https://openalex.org/W2133923731","https://openalex.org/W2136301217","https://openalex.org/W2137056313","https://openalex.org/W2137500750","https://openalex.org/W2137581909","https://openalex.org/W2137679888","https://openalex.org/W2138547858","https://openalex.org/W2140250150","https://openalex.org/W2141495155","https://openalex.org/W2142393704","https://openalex.org/W2143896928","https://openalex.org/W2144291634","https://openalex.org/W2144445149","https://openalex.org/W2146643981","https://openalex.org/W2146796146","https://openalex.org/W2147833188","https://openalex.org/W2149117794","https://openalex.org/W2149200785","https://openalex.org/W2149542129","https://openalex.org/W2151923481","https://openalex.org/W2153783990","https://openalex.org/W2154318575","https://openalex.org/W2156458861","https://openalex.org/W2157306327","https://openalex.org/W2157777822","https://openalex.org/W2158055057","https://openalex.org/W2159265044","https://openalex.org/W2159809981","https://openalex.org/W2159845643","https://openalex.org/W2160274453","https://openalex.org/W2161455453","https://openalex.org/W2161574642","https://openalex.org/W2162538143","https://openalex.org/W2164001003","https://openalex.org/W2165280659","https://openalex.org/W2166529851","https://openalex.org/W2168624836","https://openalex.org/W2168816665","https://openalex.org/W2169427510","https://openalex.org/W2171367631","https://openalex.org/W2171870642","https://openalex.org/W2241428889","https://openalex.org/W2312880286","https://openalex.org/W2322825986","https://openalex.org/W2325413489","https://openalex.org/W2413045917","https://openalex.org/W2415454664","https://openalex.org/W2437569541","https://openalex.org/W2441660692","https://openalex.org/W2486964729","https://openalex.org/W2499251104","https://openalex.org/W2625441305","https://openalex.org/W4231432207","https://openalex.org/W4236873928","https://openalex.org/W4240812487","https://openalex.org/W4252065762","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4313305987","https://openalex.org/W4313306950","https://openalex.org/W4313309043","https://openalex.org/W4313309073","https://openalex.org/W4313309105","https://openalex.org/W4313309117","https://openalex.org/W4313309153","https://openalex.org/W4313310035","https://openalex.org/W4313310060","https://openalex.org/W4313310084","https://openalex.org/W4313310107","https://openalex.org/W4313310640","https://openalex.org/W4313310642","https://openalex.org/W4313310647","https://openalex.org/W4313310700","https://openalex.org/W4313310707","https://openalex.org/W4313310715","https://openalex.org/W4313310934","https://openalex.org/W4313311358","https://openalex.org/W4313311378","https://openalex.org/W4313311422","https://openalex.org/W4313311464","https://openalex.org/W4313311555","https://openalex.org/W4313313341","https://openalex.org/W4313313348","https://openalex.org/W4313313376","https://openalex.org/W4313313431","https://openalex.org/W4313313437","https://openalex.org/W4313313445","https://openalex.org/W4313313489","https://openalex.org/W4313314077","https://openalex.org/W4313314115","https://openalex.org/W4313315181","https://openalex.org/W4313316501","https://openalex.org/W4313339235","https://openalex.org/W4313342360","https://openalex.org/W4313354157","https://openalex.org/W4313354158","https://openalex.org/W4313376301","https://openalex.org/W4313386816","https://openalex.org/W4322086303","https://openalex.org/W4406984816","https://openalex.org/W6601055026","https://openalex.org/W7100214263"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W22994140","https://openalex.org/W2169833667","https://openalex.org/W2409685305","https://openalex.org/W2473400085","https://openalex.org/W2922707684","https://openalex.org/W1820719582","https://openalex.org/W2407179870","https://openalex.org/W2502729036","https://openalex.org/W4402301765","https://openalex.org/W4386320721"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Surgery,":[0],"radiotherapy,":[1],"and":[2,20,25,30,34,42,83,125,140,167,177,202,212,221],"chemotherapy":[3,35,166],"are":[4,45],"the":[5,18,23,37,74,87,94,103,118,132,141,175,181,192,198,215,222,228],"principal":[6],"modalities":[7],"of":[8,10,22,39,51,64,105,128,134,143,145,153,183,194,200],"treatment":[9,65],"cancer.":[11],"Each":[12],"is":[13,80,219],"chosen":[14],"in":[15,137,180,187],"accordance":[16],"with":[17,160],"type":[19],"stage":[21],"disease,":[24],"each":[26],"has":[27],"its":[28],"benefits":[29,159],"risks.":[31],"Although":[32],"radiotherapy":[33,169],"have":[36,99,147],"advantage":[38],"reaching":[40],"tumors":[41,111],"cells":[43],"that":[44,57],"inaccessible":[46],"to":[47,102,171,174],"surgery":[48],"(or,":[49],"because":[50],"their":[52,110],"location":[53],"or":[54,115],"wide":[55],"dissemination,":[56],"cannot":[58],"be":[59,225],"surgically":[60],"removed),":[61],"these":[62,154],"forms":[63],"may":[66,90,224],"exert":[67],"damaging":[68],"effects":[69,127,199],"on":[70,191],"organ":[71],"systems":[72],"outside":[73],"intended":[75],"targets.":[76],"The":[77],"lympho-reticular":[78],"system":[79],"usually":[81],"affected":[82],"as":[84,227],"a":[85],"consequence":[86],"immune":[88],"mechanism":[89],"become":[91],"impaired.":[92],"In":[93],"past,":[95],"immunologically":[96],"compromised":[97],"patients":[98,185],"often":[100],"succumbed":[101],"onslaught":[104],"severe":[106],"infections":[107],"even":[108],"though":[109],"were":[112,208],"being":[113],"restrained":[114],"eradicated":[116],"by":[117,210,214],"therapeutic":[119,130,158,204],"intervention.":[120],"Fortunately,":[121],"information":[122],"about":[123,197],"toxic":[124],"immunosuppressive":[126],"various":[129],"agents,":[131],"introduction":[133],"new":[135,203],"agents":[136,155],"recent":[138],"years,":[139],"development":[142],"combinations":[144],"drugs":[146],"made":[148],"possible":[149],"more":[150,195],"prudent":[151],"utilization":[152],"for":[156],"maximal":[157],"relatively":[161],"minimal":[162],"undesirable":[163],"effects.":[164],"Nevertheless,":[165],"extensive":[168],"continue":[170],"pose":[172],"risks":[173],"patient":[176],"further":[178],"improvements":[179],"management":[182],"cancer":[184],"will":[186],"large":[188],"measure":[189],"depend":[190],"acquisition":[193],"knowledge":[196],"old":[201],"agents.":[205],"These":[206],"keywords":[207,223],"added":[209],"machine":[211],"not":[213],"authors.":[216],"This":[217],"process":[218],"experimental":[220],"updated":[226],"learning":[229],"algorithm":[230],"improves.":[231]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2020-01-23T00:00:00"}