{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3000595823","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784479971.003","title":"Detecting Loose Regolith in Lunar Craters Using Thermal Imaging","display_name":"Detecting Loose Regolith in Lunar Craters Using Thermal Imaging","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-01-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3000595823","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784479971.003","mag":"3000595823"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1061/9780784479971.003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784479971.003","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784479971.003","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607122","display_name":"ASCE International Conference on Engineering, Science, Construction, and Operations in Challenging Environments (Earth and Space)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Earth and Space 2016","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102823433","display_name":"Christopher Cunningham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1416-6429","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1416-6429"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher Cunningham","raw_affiliation_strings":["Robotics Institute, Carnegie Mellon Univ. E-mail:"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotics Institute, Carnegie Mellon Univ. E-mail:","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000515937","display_name":"William Whittaker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2530-0360","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2530-0360"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William Whittaker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Robotics Institute, Carnegie Mellon Univ. E-mail:"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Robotics Institute, Carnegie Mellon Univ. E-mail:","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037801956","display_name":"Issa Nesnas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2616-5001","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2616-5001"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334627681","display_name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/027k65916","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Issa Nesnas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology. E-mail:"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology. E-mail:","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786","https://openalex.org/I1334627681"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.9078,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95707403,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"16","last_page":"26"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10406","display_name":"Planetary Science and Exploration","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10406","display_name":"Planetary Science and Exploration","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10325","display_name":"Astro and Planetary Science","score":0.007400000002235174,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12449","display_name":"Spacecraft Design and Technology","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lunar-regolith","display_name":"lunar regolith","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/permanently-shadowed-craters","display_name":"permanently shadowed craters","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lunar-poles","display_name":"lunar poles","score":0.8560000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infrared-thermography","display_name":"infrared thermography","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surface-temperature","display_name":"surface temperature","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lunar-exploration","display_name":"lunar exploration","score":0.3190000057220459}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41642174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106551","display_name":"Regolith","level":2,"score":0.9960031509399414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179537507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55818","display_name":"Impact crater","level":2,"score":0.9201524257659912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87355193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411","display_name":"Astrobiology","level":1,"score":0.8296195864677429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.6806589365005493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777139587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1037499","display_name":"Lunar soil","level":2,"score":0.6475930213928223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780472129","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1348589","display_name":"Lunar craters","level":3,"score":0.6348581910133362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33110843","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180874","display_name":"Lunar mare","level":3,"score":0.5950967073440552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4549448490142822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204530211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752823","display_name":"Thermal","level":2,"score":0.44903564453125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120189094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850281","display_name":"Radiometer","level":2,"score":0.4442009925842285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8058405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46255","display_name":"Geophysics","level":1,"score":0.3447650372982025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.13003933429718018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.11901634931564331}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1061/9780784479971.003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784479971.003","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784479971.003","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607122","display_name":"ASCE International Conference on Engineering, Science, Construction, and Operations in Challenging Environments (Earth and Space)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Earth and Space 2016","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315781","display_name":"Small Business Technology Transfer","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332375","display_name":"Jet Propulsion Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/027k65916"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W208700004","https://openalex.org/W1533527696","https://openalex.org/W1744404305","https://openalex.org/W1803706761","https://openalex.org/W1935888136","https://openalex.org/W1976354196","https://openalex.org/W1979153288","https://openalex.org/W1995424719","https://openalex.org/W2028314329","https://openalex.org/W2033456515","https://openalex.org/W2043937972","https://openalex.org/W2049171536","https://openalex.org/W2051925436","https://openalex.org/W2054430201","https://openalex.org/W2059350471","https://openalex.org/W2076684252","https://openalex.org/W2076701686","https://openalex.org/W2078418801","https://openalex.org/W2078535993","https://openalex.org/W2126353612","https://openalex.org/W2128387312","https://openalex.org/W2314314723","https://openalex.org/W2898573755","https://openalex.org/W2985950317","https://openalex.org/W2998388627","https://openalex.org/W3048945496","https://openalex.org/W3082498874","https://openalex.org/W3124029921","https://openalex.org/W4236573885","https://openalex.org/W6632884021"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3196792737","https://openalex.org/W2046499097","https://openalex.org/W4407111018","https://openalex.org/W2950713775","https://openalex.org/W3202255016","https://openalex.org/W7099252838","https://openalex.org/W7160730604","https://openalex.org/W7129062784","https://openalex.org/W2409401122","https://openalex.org/W2380351118"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Robotic":[0],"missions":[1],"could":[2,34],"soon":[3],"explore":[4],"permanently":[5],"shadowed":[6,53],"craters":[7,26],"on":[8,55,97,143],"the":[9,19,22,42,56,67,126,146,149],"lunar":[10,57,71,83,151],"poles":[11],"in":[12,24,52,78,103,110,125],"order":[13],"to":[14,29,47,65,145],"characterize":[15],"ice":[16],"accumulation":[17],"beneath":[18],"surface.":[20],"However,":[21],"regolith":[23,51,72,92,116,157],"these":[25],"is":[27,107,120,154],"hypothesized":[28],"be":[30,161],"very":[31],"loose":[32,115],"and":[33,88,114,131,139],"endanger":[35],"a":[36,74,108,164],"rover":[37],"mission.":[38],"This":[39,118],"work":[40],"analyzes":[41],"ability":[43],"of":[44,61,70,76,91,128,148],"thermal":[45,89],"imaging":[46],"detect":[48],"hazardous,":[49],"low-density":[50],"regions":[54],"poles.":[58],"A":[59,81],"series":[60],"simulations":[62],"was":[63,86],"conducted":[64],"estimate":[66],"surface":[68],"temperature":[69,111,134],"as":[73],"function":[75],"density":[77,158],"polar":[79],"craters.":[80],"generalized":[82],"crater":[84],"model":[85],"used,":[87],"properties":[90],"were":[93],"taken":[94],"from":[95],"experiments":[96],"Apollo":[98],"samples.":[99,117],"Results":[100],"showed":[101],"that":[102,156],"most":[104,121],"situations":[105],"there":[106],"difference":[109],"between":[112,136],"nominal":[113],"effect":[119],"consistent":[122],"at":[123],"night":[124],"absence":[127],"solar":[129],"radiation":[130],"generally":[132],"causes":[133],"differences":[135,159],"2":[137],"K":[138],"3":[140],"K.":[141],"Based":[142],"comparisons":[144],"capabilities":[147],"DIVINER":[150],"radiometer,":[152],"it":[153],"likely":[155],"would":[160],"detectable":[162],"by":[163],"rover-mounted":[165],"instrument.":[166]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2020-01-23T00:00:00"}
