{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3000551448","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186x.2019.1690232","title":"Investigating demotivating factors in foreign language learners: The case of non-Iranian Persian language learners","display_name":"Investigating demotivating factors in foreign language learners: The case of non-Iranian Persian language learners","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3000551448","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186x.2019.1690232","mag":"3000551448"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/2331186x.2019.1690232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186x.2019.1690232","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186x.2019.1690232","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764918247","display_name":"Cogent Education","issn_l":"2331-186X","issn":["2331-186X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cogent Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186x.2019.1690232","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068662044","display_name":"Amireza Vakilifard","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69425150","display_name":"Imam Khomeini International University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jeykk09","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69425150"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amireza Vakilifard","raw_affiliation_strings":["TPSOL, Persian Language Center, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TPSOL, Persian Language Center, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69425150"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064398430","display_name":"Saman Ebadi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8623-7751","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8623-7751"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1187138","display_name":"Razi University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ynb0474","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1187138"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Saman Ebadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied linguistics, Department of English Language and Literature, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8623-7751","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied linguistics, Department of English Language and Literature, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1187138"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010111977","display_name":"Mahmood Zamani","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165322","display_name":"Takestan Islamic Azad University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mtgrz63","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110525433","https://openalex.org/I4210165322"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahmood Zamani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied linguistics, Islamic Azad university, Takestan Branch"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied linguistics, Islamic Azad university, Takestan Branch","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165322"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109050826","display_name":"Bahador Sadeghi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165322","display_name":"Takestan Islamic Azad University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mtgrz63","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110525433","https://openalex.org/I4210165322"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bahador Sadeghi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied linguistics, Islamic Azad university, Takestan Branch"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied linguistics, Islamic Azad university, Takestan Branch","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165322"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5064398430"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1187138"],"apc_list":{"value":950,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1165},"apc_paid":{"value":950,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":1165},"fwci":13.9649,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98488946,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10021","display_name":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10021","display_name":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10547","display_name":"Education, Achievement, and Giftedness","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14037","display_name":"Arabic Language Education Studies","score":0.0012000000569969416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demotivation","display_name":"demotivation","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foreign-language-learning-motivation","display_name":"foreign language learning motivation","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demotivating-factors","display_name":"demotivators","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-differences","display_name":"gender differences","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-attainment","display_name":"educational attainment","score":0.7310000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/second-language-acquisition","display_name":"second language acquisition","score":0.6430000066757202}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776527531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9168","display_name":"Persian","level":2,"score":0.7257331013679504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114010052","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150352","display_name":"Foreign language","level":2,"score":0.5542247295379639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5350198745727539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129353971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156949","display_name":"Comprehension approach","level":3,"score":0.49977779388427734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777019801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5100702","display_name":"Chinese as a foreign language","level":2,"score":0.4850279688835144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166007726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4536542","display_name":"Language assessment","level":2,"score":0.4708276093006134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778883600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2390977","display_name":"Language proficiency","level":2,"score":0.4698449969291687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4661594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19860","display_name":"Indo-European languages","level":2,"score":0.45692136883735657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74672266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815859","display_name":"Language acquisition","level":2,"score":0.44291743636131287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.43136242032051086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.4263577461242676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123960582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1455196","display_name":"Language education","level":2,"score":0.39900341629981995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.36887139081954956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/2331186x.2019.1690232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186x.2019.1690232","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186x.2019.1690232","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764918247","display_name":"Cogent Education","issn_l":"2331-186X","issn":["2331-186X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cogent Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a1d1737d2eb343bdbd057e136eaac562","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a1d1737d2eb343bdbd057e136eaac562","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Cogent Education, Vol 7, Iss 1 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/2331186x.2019.1690232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186x.2019.1690232","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186x.2019.1690232","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764918247","display_name":"Cogent Education","issn_l":"2331-186X","issn":["2331-186X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cogent Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8278999924659729}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W65584395","https://openalex.org/W113373277","https://openalex.org/W1508433425","https://openalex.org/W1542788001","https://openalex.org/W1594907794","https://openalex.org/W1895994418","https://openalex.org/W1968926545","https://openalex.org/W1978203922","https://openalex.org/W1993830670","https://openalex.org/W2010052398","https://openalex.org/W2012750002","https://openalex.org/W2015680494","https://openalex.org/W2031099714","https://openalex.org/W2048275129","https://openalex.org/W2064337942","https://openalex.org/W2078608334","https://openalex.org/W2085785404","https://openalex.org/W2090715905","https://openalex.org/W2091174874","https://openalex.org/W2107406807","https://openalex.org/W2182377640","https://openalex.org/W2217683757","https://openalex.org/W2288437029","https://openalex.org/W2578024244","https://openalex.org/W3142788105","https://openalex.org/W4206827940","https://openalex.org/W4238007598","https://openalex.org/W4302156641"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2182377640","https://openalex.org/W2998434644","https://openalex.org/W2046200537","https://openalex.org/W4313140709","https://openalex.org/W4387437669","https://openalex.org/W1585390448","https://openalex.org/W1550415870","https://openalex.org/W3174264660","https://openalex.org/W1976103180","https://openalex.org/W171968480"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Learners\u2019":[0],"motivation":[1,33],"has":[2,35],"been":[3],"widely":[4],"accepted":[5],"as":[6,28],"a":[7,29,57,105,112],"key":[8],"factor":[9],"which":[10,34,75,114,135],"influences":[11],"the":[12,22,62,69,78,93,99,123,126,129,132],"rate,":[13],"success,":[14],"and":[15,42,64,81,88,125,153],"failure":[16],"of":[17,32,66,68,90,92,101,122,128,134,158,171],"second/foreign":[18],"language":[19,39,54,184],"learning.":[20],"On":[21],"other":[23,177],"hand,":[24],"demotivation":[25],"is":[26],"regarded":[27],"flip":[30],"side":[31],"negative":[36],"effects":[37],"on":[38,131],"learning":[40],"processes":[41],"outcomes.":[43],"This":[44],"study":[45],"intended":[46],"to":[47,72,86,97,110,175],"examine":[48],"what":[49],"factors":[50,71,76,138],"may":[51],"demotivate":[52],"Persian":[53,183],"learners":[55,107,167,185],"in":[56,156],"classroom.":[58],"It":[59],"also":[60,82],"investigated":[61],"frequency":[63],"order":[65,96],"significance":[67],"demotivating":[70,137,160,178],"find":[73],"out":[74],"are":[77,186],"most":[79],"influential":[80],"explore":[83],"their":[84],"relations":[85],"gender":[87],"level":[89,121],"education":[91,172],"learners.":[94],"In":[95],"achieve":[98],"objectives":[100],"this":[102],"study,":[103,124],"approximately":[104],"hundred":[106],"were":[108,139,147,164],"asked":[109],"complete":[111],"questionnaire,":[113],"included":[115],"background":[116],"questions":[117],"concerning":[118],"sex,":[119],"age,":[120],"nationalities":[127],"participants":[130,155],"basis":[133],"five":[136],"identified.":[140],"The":[141],"findings":[142],"indicated":[143],"that":[144],"while":[145],"there":[146],"no":[148],"significant":[149,162],"differences":[150,163],"between":[151,166],"male":[152],"female":[154],"terms":[157],"some":[159,176],"factors,":[161],"observed":[165],"at":[168],"different":[169],"levels":[170],"with":[173],"regard":[174],"factors.":[179],"Implications":[180],"for":[181],"non-Iranian":[182],"discussed.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2020-01-23T00:00:00"}