{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3000496814","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnaa031","title":"How Are Employers Responding to an Aging Workforce?","display_name":"How Are Employers Responding to an Aging Workforce?","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-02-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3000496814","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnaa031","mag":"3000496814","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32301495"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/geront/gnaa031","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnaa031","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnaa031","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S130337233","display_name":"The Gerontologist","issn_l":"0016-9013","issn":["0016-9013","1758-5341"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Gerontologist","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057150141","display_name":"Robert L. Clark","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2947-2987","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2947-2987","https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7030-1741","https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1659-6114"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Robert L Clark","raw_affiliation_strings":["Poole College of Management, North Carolina State University, Raleigh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Poole College of Management, North Carolina State University, Raleigh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070851118","display_name":"Beth M. Ritter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1518-4861","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1518-4861"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Beth M Ritter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Management, Innovation, and Entrepreneurship, North Carolina State University, Raleigh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Management, Innovation, and Entrepreneurship, North Carolina State University, Raleigh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5057150141"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"],"apc_list":{"value":4408,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4408},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.4611,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9597352,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"60","issue":"8","first_page":"1403","last_page":"1410"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11631","display_name":"Retirement, Disability, and Employment","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11631","display_name":"Retirement, Disability, and Employment","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10517","display_name":"Financial Literacy, Pension, Retirement Analysis","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12843","display_name":"Human Resource and Talent Management","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aging-workforce","display_name":"aging workforce","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employer-responses","display_name":"employer responses","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pension-policy","display_name":"pension policy","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phased-retirement","display_name":"phased retirement","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/working-conditions","display_name":"working conditions","score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employee-benefits","display_name":"employee benefits","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/labor-costs","display_name":"labor costs","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/productivity","display_name":"productivity","score":0.878000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population-aging","display_name":"population aging","score":0.6700000166893005}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778139618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13440398","display_name":"Workforce","level":2,"score":0.7301777005195618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202789569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107646338","display_name":"Aging in the American workforce","level":3,"score":0.5129935145378113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.46771755814552307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145236788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28161","display_name":"Labour economics","level":1,"score":0.413351833820343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.40706247091293335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2006843090057373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.12468329071998596}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000078329","descriptor_name":"Workforce","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000375","descriptor_name":"Aging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004651","descriptor_name":"Employment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012179","descriptor_name":"Retirement","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/geront/gnaa031","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnaa031","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnaa031","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S130337233","display_name":"The Gerontologist","issn_l":"0016-9013","issn":["0016-9013","1758-5341"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Gerontologist","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32301495","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32301495","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Gerontologist","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.9211000204086304}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306151","display_name":"Alfred P. Sloan Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/052csg198"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310013","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313437","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04grmx538"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1580098963","https://openalex.org/W1820682753","https://openalex.org/W1920862144","https://openalex.org/W1965654667","https://openalex.org/W1985403845","https://openalex.org/W2003838784","https://openalex.org/W2005509483","https://openalex.org/W2031402358","https://openalex.org/W2288431265","https://openalex.org/W2303743068","https://openalex.org/W2337856074","https://openalex.org/W2339217098","https://openalex.org/W2506930313","https://openalex.org/W2575575920","https://openalex.org/W2624197596","https://openalex.org/W2640245030","https://openalex.org/W2890903233","https://openalex.org/W2891022971","https://openalex.org/W2904228819","https://openalex.org/W2916090839","https://openalex.org/W3125009558","https://openalex.org/W3165006342","https://openalex.org/W6767962871"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3037255335","https://openalex.org/W2944827044","https://openalex.org/W2972777440","https://openalex.org/W2586661972","https://openalex.org/W2899653398","https://openalex.org/W778823986","https://openalex.org/W6989372428","https://openalex.org/W3117035589","https://openalex.org/W3090947711","https://openalex.org/W4252381627"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"American":[1],"population":[2],"is":[3,44],"aging":[4,16,31,48],"and":[5,42,53,81],"changes":[6,23,68],"in":[7,73],"the":[8,18,30,33,54,57],"population's":[9],"age":[10],"structure":[11],"are":[12,28],"leading":[13],"to":[14,24,64,69],"an":[15],"of":[17,32,56,77],"nation's":[19],"workforce.":[20],"In":[21],"addition,":[22],"age-specific":[25],"participation":[26],"rates":[27],"exacerbating":[29],"national":[34],"labor":[35,50],"force.":[36],"An":[37],"important":[38],"challenge":[39],"for":[40],"firms":[41],"organizations":[43],"how":[45],"does":[46],"workforce":[47,65],"affect":[49],"costs,":[51],"productivity,":[52],"sustainability":[55],"organization.":[58],"This":[59],"article":[60],"examines":[61],"employer":[62],"responses":[63],"aging,":[66],"including":[67],"retirement":[70,79],"policies,":[71],"modification":[72],"working":[74],"conditions,":[75],"adoption":[76],"phased":[78],"plans,":[80],"reforming":[82],"other":[83],"employee":[84],"benefits.":[85]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2020-01-23T00:00:00"}