{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3000445347","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpds.2020.3030920","title":"Hierarchical Multi-Agent Optimization for Resource Allocation in Cloud Computing","display_name":"Hierarchical Multi-Agent Optimization for Resource Allocation in Cloud Computing","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-10-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3000445347","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpds.2020.3030920","mag":"3000445347"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpds.2020.3030920","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpds.2020.3030920","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpds.2020.3030920","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S97130795","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems","issn_l":"1045-9219","issn":["1045-9219","1558-2183","2161-9883"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["ccf-a","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2001.03929","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Xiangqiang Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2289-6229","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2289-6229"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangqiang Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2289-6229","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Rongke Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3098-8649","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3098-8649"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rongke Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3098-8649","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059240244","display_name":"Aryan Kaushik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6252-4641","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6252-4641"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aryan Kaushik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London (UCL), London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6252-4641","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London (UCL), London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2045,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2045},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.3137,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":67,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97370098,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"32","issue":"3","first_page":"692","last_page":"707"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"cloud computing","score":0.5950000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-allocation","display_name":"resource allocation","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"genetic algorithm","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-agent-optimization","display_name":"multi-agent optimization","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-utilization","display_name":"resource utilization","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/taguchi-method","display_name":"Taguchi method","score":0.7210000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nsga-ii-comparison","display_name":"NSGA-II comparison","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-resource-allocation","display_name":"online resource allocation","score":0.7279999852180481}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8446999788284302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.6500999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.6288999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111696304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2303697","display_name":"Sorting","level":2,"score":0.5185999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51823790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504353","display_name":"Greedy algorithm","level":2,"score":0.4893999993801117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29202148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287260","display_name":"Resource allocation","level":2,"score":0.4828000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.48190000653266907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.40139999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.38510000705718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.3840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780609101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156588","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","level":2,"score":0.3765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.35499998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.3529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173801870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201413","display_name":"Heuristic","level":2,"score":0.3483000099658966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3474000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.3377000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106516650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm design","level":2,"score":0.33489999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.3222000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.29760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159149176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14489129","display_name":"Evolutionary algorithm","level":2,"score":0.295199990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68781425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2052203","display_name":"Multi-objective optimization","level":2,"score":0.2919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4935549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6822261","display_name":"Meta-optimization","level":3,"score":0.28380000591278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61455927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1030529","display_name":"Blossom algorithm","level":3,"score":0.2655999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200157131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4854763","display_name":"Bandwidth allocation","level":3,"score":0.26249998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987595161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Optimization algorithm","level":2,"score":0.2549000084400177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148764684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q621751","display_name":"Approximation algorithm","level":2,"score":0.2513999938964844}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tpds.2020.3030920","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpds.2020.3030920","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tpds.2020.3030920","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S97130795","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems","issn_l":"1045-9219","issn":["1045-9219","1558-2183","2161-9883"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["ccf-a","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2001.03929","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2001.03929","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2001.03929","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2001.03929","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2001.03929","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2001.03929","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2001.03929","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2001.03929","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2001.03929","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W24635804","https://openalex.org/W1918030494","https://openalex.org/W1980764519","https://openalex.org/W2007973245","https://openalex.org/W2010947830","https://openalex.org/W2021159613","https://openalex.org/W2043352445","https://openalex.org/W2055627578","https://openalex.org/W2061706483","https://openalex.org/W2064288903","https://openalex.org/W2077805146","https://openalex.org/W2115644746","https://openalex.org/W2116661285","https://openalex.org/W2123859895","https://openalex.org/W2126105956","https://openalex.org/W2147492008","https://openalex.org/W2150093579","https://openalex.org/W2158814833","https://openalex.org/W2343204836","https://openalex.org/W2344266524","https://openalex.org/W2374516805","https://openalex.org/W2403593353","https://openalex.org/W2430218455","https://openalex.org/W2562277660","https://openalex.org/W2585512500","https://openalex.org/W2590487735","https://openalex.org/W2591782608","https://openalex.org/W2597898076","https://openalex.org/W2611818488","https://openalex.org/W2625951460","https://openalex.org/W2728648118","https://openalex.org/W2737359858","https://openalex.org/W2755998977","https://openalex.org/W2763268973","https://openalex.org/W2772792841","https://openalex.org/W2884461133","https://openalex.org/W2886192838","https://openalex.org/W2963939672","https://openalex.org/W2966212582"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"cloud":[1,59],"computing,":[2],"an":[3,84],"important":[4],"concern":[5],"is":[6,65,87,108,142],"to":[7,15,22,47,89,99,110],"allocate":[8],"the":[9,16,24,49,54,69,74,81,101,112,117,123,127,132,139,163,173,177],"available":[10,34],"resources":[11],"of":[12,68,93,119,122,149,167,176],"service":[13,94],"nodes":[14,95],"requested":[17,102],"tasks":[18],"on":[19],"demand":[20],"and":[21,33,52,73,130,153,184],"make":[23,53],"objective":[25],"function":[26],"optimum,":[27],"i.e.,":[28],"maximizing":[29,80],"resource":[30,50,82,168,189],"utilization,":[31,83],"payoffs,":[32],"bandwidth.":[35],"This":[36],"article":[37],"proposes":[38],"a":[39,66,91],"hierarchical":[40],"multi-agent":[41,75],"optimization":[42,76,165],"(HMAO)":[43],"algorithm":[44,64,71,107,125,141,151,159,179],"in":[45,161,187],"order":[46],"maximize":[48],"utilization":[51],"bandwidth":[55,113],"cost":[56],"minimum":[57],"for":[58],"computing.":[60],"The":[61,135],"proposed":[62],"HMAO":[63,124,140,178],"combination":[67],"genetic":[70,150,158],"(GA)":[72,152],"(MAO)":[77],"algorithm.":[78],"With":[79],"improved":[85],"GA":[86],"implemented":[88],"find":[90],"set":[92],"that":[96,138],"are":[97],"used":[98],"deploy":[100],"tasks.":[103],"A":[104],"decentralized-based":[105],"MAO":[106],"presented":[109],"minimize":[111],"cost.":[114],"We":[115],"study":[116],"effect":[118],"key":[120],"parameters":[121],"by":[126],"Taguchi":[128],"method":[129],"evaluate":[131],"performance":[133,174],"results.":[134],"results":[136],"demonstrate":[137],"more":[143],"effective":[144],"than":[145],"two":[146,181],"baseline":[147],"algorithms":[148,186],"fast":[154],"elitist":[155],"non-dominated":[156],"sorting":[157],"(NSGA-II)":[160],"solving":[162],"large-scale":[164],"problem":[166],"allocation.":[169,190],"Furthermore,":[170],"we":[171],"provide":[172],"comparison":[175],"with":[180],"heuristic":[182],"Greedy":[183],"Viterbi":[185],"on-line":[188]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2020-01-23T00:00:00"}