{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3000385296","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/er.5094","title":"Simultaneous improvement of ionic conductivity and oxidative stability of sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) nanocomposite proton exchange membrane for fuel cell application","display_name":"Simultaneous improvement of ionic conductivity and oxidative stability of sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) nanocomposite proton exchange membrane for fuel cell application","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3000385296","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/er.5094","mag":"3000385296"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/er.5094","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/er.5094","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/er.5094","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/er.5094","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S32776067","display_name":"International Journal of Energy Research","issn_l":"0363-907X","issn":["0363-907X","1099-114X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Energy Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/er.5094","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049190786","display_name":"Somayeh Sarirchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2964-8447","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2964-8447"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67009956","display_name":"Iran University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01jw2p796","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67009956"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Somayeh Sarirchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fuel Cell Laboratory, Green Research Centre, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran","School of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fuel Cell Laboratory, Green Research Centre, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67009956"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67009956"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081292717","display_name":"Soosan Rowshanzamir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7828-6684","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7828-6684"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67009956","display_name":"Iran University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01jw2p796","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67009956"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Soosan Rowshanzamir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Excellence for Membrane Science and Technology, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran","Fuel Cell Laboratory, Green Research Centre, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran","School of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7828-6684","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Excellence for Membrane Science and Technology, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67009956"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fuel Cell Laboratory, Green Research Centre, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67009956"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67009956"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021091818","display_name":"Foad Mehri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9994-1633","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9994-1633"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67009956","display_name":"Iran University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01jw2p796","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67009956"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Foad Mehri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fuel Cell Laboratory, Green Research Centre, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran","School of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fuel Cell Laboratory, Green Research Centre, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67009956"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67009956"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5081292717"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67009956"],"apc_list":{"value":4000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4000},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1492,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":42,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8726994,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"44","issue":"4","first_page":"2783","last_page":"2800"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10409","display_name":"Fuel Cells and Related Materials","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10409","display_name":"Fuel Cells and Related Materials","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10311","display_name":"Advancements in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10281","display_name":"Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proton-exchange-membranes","display_name":"proton exchange membranes","score":0.8560000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sulfonated-poly-ether-ether-ketone","display_name":"sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proton-conductivity","display_name":"proton conductivity","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxidative-stability","display_name":"oxidative stability","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuel-cell-durability","display_name":"fuel cell durability","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/membrane-electrode-assembly","display_name":"membrane electrode assembly","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-uptake","display_name":"water absorption","score":0.6970000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swelling-ratio","display_name":"swelling ratio","score":0.8420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuel-crossover","display_name":"fuel crossover","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanoparticle-loading","display_name":"nanoparticle loading","score":0.5370000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/response-surface-methodology","display_name":"response surface methodology","score":0.5640000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/central-composite-design","display_name":"central composite design","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peak-power-density","display_name":"peak power density","score":0.5889999866485596}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132319479","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899619","display_name":"Proton exchange membrane fuel cell","level":3,"score":0.7246042490005493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131540310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q907564","display_name":"Conductivity","level":2,"score":0.6344262957572937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41625074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176088","display_name":"Membrane","level":2,"score":0.5686632990837097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5337681770324707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.5308647751808167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160892712","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901559","display_name":"Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.5206258296966553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60100273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902806","display_name":"Thermogravimetric analysis","level":2,"score":0.5147235989570618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59061564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7783071","display_name":"Thermal stability","level":2,"score":0.5110934376716614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92880739","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2639556","display_name":"Nanocomposite","level":2,"score":0.4851296842098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155672457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61231","display_name":"Nanoparticle","level":2,"score":0.46341603994369507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3688116669654846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188027245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750446","display_name":"Polymer chemistry","level":1,"score":0.32315772771835327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.17193463444709778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.14705851674079895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0853029191493988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/er.5094","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/er.5094","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/er.5094","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/er.5094","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S32776067","display_name":"International Journal of Energy Research","issn_l":"0363-907X","issn":["0363-907X","1099-114X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Energy Research","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/er.5094","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/er.5094","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/er.5094","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/er.5094","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S32776067","display_name":"International Journal of Energy Research","issn_l":"0363-907X","issn":["0363-907X","1099-114X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Energy Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8485000133514404,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3000385296.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3000385296.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":76,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W195316213","https://openalex.org/W1207662722","https://openalex.org/W1604458178","https://openalex.org/W1613783307","https://openalex.org/W1916873007","https://openalex.org/W1970719524","https://openalex.org/W1978057724","https://openalex.org/W1983090192","https://openalex.org/W1983188036","https://openalex.org/W1989640743","https://openalex.org/W2003798452","https://openalex.org/W2008138825","https://openalex.org/W2009977482","https://openalex.org/W2013297459","https://openalex.org/W2014282364","https://openalex.org/W2016891259","https://openalex.org/W2021884985","https://openalex.org/W2029883034","https://openalex.org/W2030836731","https://openalex.org/W2031766189","https://openalex.org/W2034894274","https://openalex.org/W2036065360","https://openalex.org/W2036066786","https://openalex.org/W2041578280","https://openalex.org/W2062430198","https://openalex.org/W2070859643","https://openalex.org/W2074011240","https://openalex.org/W2078186412","https://openalex.org/W2080405712","https://openalex.org/W2086588513","https://openalex.org/W2088137645","https://openalex.org/W2092683376","https://openalex.org/W2102681787","https://openalex.org/W2106633799","https://openalex.org/W2132723929","https://openalex.org/W2139741171","https://openalex.org/W2155110821","https://openalex.org/W2173686135","https://openalex.org/W2326657285","https://openalex.org/W2329397025","https://openalex.org/W2404733242","https://openalex.org/W2410085863","https://openalex.org/W2521226660","https://openalex.org/W2541634356","https://openalex.org/W2564140757","https://openalex.org/W2564612352","https://openalex.org/W2565395599","https://openalex.org/W2575370596","https://openalex.org/W2582772186","https://openalex.org/W2594431876","https://openalex.org/W2742864349","https://openalex.org/W2744512518","https://openalex.org/W2790585394","https://openalex.org/W2791432791","https://openalex.org/W2792234351","https://openalex.org/W2792309726","https://openalex.org/W2794668091","https://openalex.org/W2795090651","https://openalex.org/W2801011815","https://openalex.org/W2802880056","https://openalex.org/W2808326482","https://openalex.org/W2889154364","https://openalex.org/W2900264965","https://openalex.org/W2901451053","https://openalex.org/W2901816726","https://openalex.org/W2908149794","https://openalex.org/W2908846189","https://openalex.org/W2912368325","https://openalex.org/W2913644280","https://openalex.org/W2923692559","https://openalex.org/W2941959711","https://openalex.org/W2949025236","https://openalex.org/W2956162774","https://openalex.org/W2963659571","https://openalex.org/W2963933128","https://openalex.org/W2969800746"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2410085863","https://openalex.org/W2072336705","https://openalex.org/W3084485864","https://openalex.org/W2801011815","https://openalex.org/W4392619970","https://openalex.org/W2002555258","https://openalex.org/W2575370596","https://openalex.org/W4220818491","https://openalex.org/W2990385388","https://openalex.org/W3094605393"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Simultaneous":[0],"high":[1,5,355],"proton":[2,16,61,71,107,142,215,233,372,389],"conductivity":[3,62,72,108,143,216,234,373,390],"with":[4,59,79,109,245],"oxidative":[6,64,74,110,151,396],"stability":[7,75,111,152,370,397],"is":[8,327],"one":[9],"of":[10,26,70,90,119,127,196,200,258,274,293,378,409,412],"the":[11,15,27,50,56,87,91,105,116,123,136,141,146,150,155,194,197,204,209,214,223,236,249,253,270,297,331,337,349,365,384,388,395,400,410,416],"major":[12],"concerns":[13],"in":[14,40,140,149,248,296,387,394,415],"exchange":[17],"membrane":[18,276,342,351],"(PEM)":[19],"preparation.":[20],"With":[21],"this":[22],"perspective,":[23],"different":[24],"loadings":[25],"sulfated":[28],"zirconia-titania,":[29],"a":[30,218,345],"binary":[31,360],"metal":[32],"oxide":[33,361],"that":[34,193],"possesses":[35],"enhanced":[36],"physicochemical":[37],"properties,":[38],"nanoparticle":[39,92,124,130,202,295,381,414],"sulfonated":[41],"poly(ether":[42],"ether":[43],"ketone)":[44],"(SPEEK)":[45],"polymer":[46,205,367],"were":[47,94,162,374],"evaluated":[48],"by":[49,96,164,235,376],"response":[51],"surface":[52],"method":[53],"to":[54,103,114,134,329,354],"obtain":[55],"novel":[57,338],"PEM":[58],"boosted":[60],"and":[63,73,86,122,184,212,266,312,322,333,371],"stability.":[65,335],"Two":[66],"models":[67],"for":[68,269,288,319,348],"correlation":[69],"(in":[76],"Fenton":[77,170],"solution)":[78],"two":[80],"independent":[81],"factors,":[82],"including":[83],"sulfonation":[84,117,147],"time":[85,118,148,393],"weight":[88,125],"percent":[89,126],"loading,":[93],"obtained":[95],"central":[97],"composite":[98],"design.":[99],"The":[100,129,159,190,230,380],"optimum":[101],"parameters":[102],"attain":[104],"highest":[106,231],"are":[112],"found":[113,133],"be":[115,135,344],"6.48":[120],"hours":[121],"10.12%.":[128],"loading":[131,382],"was":[132,154,239,262,282,362,383,399,406],"more":[137],"significant":[138],"factor":[139,386],"model,":[144],"while":[145,221,280],"model":[153,398],"main":[156,385],"affecting":[157,402],"factor.":[158,403],"optimal":[160,198],"membranes":[161],"characterized":[163],"1H":[165],"NMR,":[166],"electrochemical":[167],"impedance":[168],"spectroscopy,":[169],"test,":[171],"Fourier":[172],"transform":[173],"infrared":[174],"(FTIR),":[175],"thermal":[176],"gravimetric":[177],"analysis":[178],"(TGA),":[179],"water":[180,210],"uptake,":[181],"swelling":[182,224],"ratio,":[183],"atomic":[185],"force":[186],"microscopy":[187],"(AFM)":[188],"analysis.":[189],"results":[191],"indicate":[192],"introduction":[195],"contents":[199],"SZrTi":[201,294,413],"into":[203,364],"matrix":[206,299],"would":[207,343],"improve":[208,330],"uptake":[211],"consequently":[213],"at":[217,226,243,264,284,352],"higher":[219],"temperature":[220],"keeping":[222],"ratio":[225],"an":[227],"acceptable":[228],"range.":[229],"achieved":[232,263],"resulted":[237],"nanocomposite":[238,340],"29.21":[240],"mS":[241],"cm\u22121":[242],"120\u00b0C":[244],"186-minute":[246],"durability":[247],"Fenton's":[250],"reagent.":[251],"Moreover,":[252],"maximum":[254],"peak":[255],"power":[256],"density":[257],"199":[259],"mW":[260,286],"cm\u22122":[261,287,311,318],"90\u00b0C":[265],"100%":[267],"RH":[268],"single-cell":[271],"performance":[272],"test":[273],"nanocomposite-based":[275,320],"electrode":[277],"assembly":[278],"(MEA),":[279],"it":[281],"recorded":[283],"112":[285],"commercial":[289,323],"MEA.":[290],"Acceptable":[291],"dispersion":[292],"SPEEK":[298,366,417],"causes":[300],"negligible":[301],"fuel":[302],"crossover":[303,405],"flux":[304],"(eg,":[305],"0.35":[306],"\u00d7":[307,314],"10\u22126":[308,315],"mmol":[309,316],"s\u22121":[310,317],"12.49":[313],"MEA":[321],"MEA,":[324],"respectively),":[325],"which":[326],"indispensable":[328],"mechanical":[332],"chemical":[334],"So,":[336],"prepared":[339],"SPEEK-based":[341],"promising":[346],"alternative":[347],"Nafion":[350],"moderate":[353],"temperatures.":[356],"Highlights":[357],"Sulfated":[358],"ZrO2-TiO2":[359],"introduced":[363],"matrix.":[368,418],"Chemical":[369],"promoted":[375],"design":[377],"experiments.":[379],"model.":[391],"Sulfonation":[392],"most":[401],"Fuel":[404],"omitted":[407],"because":[408],"presence":[411]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-11-13T13:42:25.865203","created_date":"2020-01-23T00:00:00"}