{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2998899088","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33403/rigeo.601734","title":"Out-of-School Learning to Achieve the Spatial Perception Skills: A Case Study","display_name":"Out-of-School Learning to Achieve the Spatial Perception Skills: A Case Study","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-12-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2998899088","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33403/rigeo.601734","mag":"2998899088"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.33403/rigeo.601734","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33403/rigeo.601734","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.33403/rigeo.601734","pdf_url":"https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/936322","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306526016","display_name":"Review of International Geographical Education Online","issn_l":"2146-0353","issn":["2146-0353"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","poland-20"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Review of International Geographical Education Online","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/936322","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025782550","display_name":"Ay\u015fe SEYHAN","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1741-4878","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1741-4878","https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5968-2778"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161597582","display_name":"Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan University","ror":"https://ror.org/0468j1635","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161597582"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"AY\u015eE SEYHAN","raw_affiliation_strings":["RECEP TAYY\u0130P ERDO\u011eAN \u00dcN\u0130VERS\u0130TES\u0130, E\u011e\u0130T\u0130M FAK\u00dcLTES\u0130"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RECEP TAYY\u0130P ERDO\u011eAN \u00dcN\u0130VERS\u0130TES\u0130, E\u011e\u0130T\u0130M FAK\u00dcLTES\u0130","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161597582"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025782550"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161597582"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.6752,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95045888,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12343","display_name":"Geography Education and Pedagogy","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12343","display_name":"Geography Education and Pedagogy","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11904","display_name":"Spatial Cognition and Navigation","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13306","display_name":"Geography and Education Methods","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-perception","display_name":"spatial perception","score":0.9190000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-ability","display_name":"spatial ability","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/out-of-school-learning","display_name":"out-of-school learning","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pre-service-teachers","display_name":"pre-service teachers","score":0.6980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-studies-education","display_name":"social studies education","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nature-education","display_name":"nature education","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-representation","display_name":"spatial representation","score":0.718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-awareness","display_name":"environmental awareness","score":0.5450000166893005}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.7270861864089966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.6817479133605957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5372452735900879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777371692","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2178611","display_name":"Spatial cognition","level":3,"score":0.49924325942993164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511192102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156948","display_name":"Comprehension","level":2,"score":0.4955998659133911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168725872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q991663","display_name":"Sophistication","level":2,"score":0.49247440695762634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.457009881734848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.43841370940208435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.3606893718242645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.35361218452453613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.35258007049560547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.14850294589996338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.33403/rigeo.601734","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33403/rigeo.601734","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.33403/rigeo.601734","pdf_url":"https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/936322","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306526016","display_name":"Review of International Geographical Education Online","issn_l":"2146-0353","issn":["2146-0353"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","poland-20"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Review of International Geographical Education Online","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dergipark.org.tr:article/601734","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/rigeo/issue/51951/601734","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401840","display_name":"DergiPark (Istanbul University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67581229","host_organization_name":"Istanbul University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67581229"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.33403/rigeo.601734","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33403/rigeo.601734","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.33403/rigeo.601734","pdf_url":"https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/936322","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306526016","display_name":"Review of International Geographical Education Online","issn_l":"2146-0353","issn":["2146-0353"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","poland-20"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Review of International Geographical Education Online","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.9901999831199646,"display_name":"Quality education"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.6100000143051147,"display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2998899088.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2998899088.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1503384602","https://openalex.org/W1597690353","https://openalex.org/W1671016166","https://openalex.org/W1745689436","https://openalex.org/W1839097934","https://openalex.org/W1859905689","https://openalex.org/W2016038198","https://openalex.org/W2085021736","https://openalex.org/W2312366784","https://openalex.org/W2581173773","https://openalex.org/W2945664082","https://openalex.org/W2992783361","https://openalex.org/W3001946542","https://openalex.org/W3123609657","https://openalex.org/W6998482362","https://openalex.org/W7045868538"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7163349763","https://openalex.org/W3206070420","https://openalex.org/W3156395947","https://openalex.org/W3169716408","https://openalex.org/W2951005632","https://openalex.org/W7223415539","https://openalex.org/W4416309208","https://openalex.org/W3217484847","https://openalex.org/W7135217532","https://openalex.org/W3152534145"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cognitive":[0],"description":[1],"and":[2,8,13,16,40,57,81,113,164,177,219,248,263,275],"comprehension":[3],"of":[4,10,21,31,44,66,69,100,116,130,145,148,159,172,180,196,205,251],"the":[5,19,52,64,92,98,101,114,117,120,131,143,146,157,170,178,197,229,233,238,245,249,260,268,273],"structure,":[6],"existence":[7],"relations":[9],"a":[11,22,149,192],"space":[12,23,32,102,109,176],"its":[14],"reflection":[15],"restructuring":[17],"in":[18,56,126,183,232,243],"mind":[20],"is":[24,139],"called":[25],"s":[26,173],"patial":[27,174],"perception.":[28],"Individuals'":[29],"perceptions":[30,68],"change":[33],"according":[34],"to":[35,46,51,85,90,128,141,228],"their":[36,48,59,67,278],"environmental":[37],"awareness,":[38],"knowledge":[39],"impressions.":[41],"The":[42,95,187,201,213],"ability":[43],"individuals":[45],"perceive":[47],"surroundings,":[49],"adapt":[50],"places":[53],"they":[54,257,276],"are":[55,241],"regulate":[58],"lives":[60],"better":[61],"depends":[62],"on":[63,169],"sophistication":[65],"space.":[70,252],"Spatial":[71],"skills":[72,175,247,280],"such":[73],"as":[74],"spatial":[75,77,79,82,93,132,246,279],"representation,":[76,78],"analysis,":[80],"evaluation":[83],"need":[84],"be":[86,111],"improved.":[87],"In":[88,135],"order":[89,127],"develop":[91,129,277],"skills.":[94,134],"fact":[96],"that":[97,108,237,256],"features":[99],"give":[103],"an":[104],"idea":[105],"about":[106],"how":[107],"can":[110,258],"perceived":[112],"interaction":[115],"individual":[118],"with":[119,191,267],"space,":[121],"it":[122,138,235],"emphasizes":[123],"out-of-school":[124,181],"learning":[125],"perception":[133,171,250],"this":[136,185],"study,":[137,194,234],"aimed":[140],"investigate":[142],"effects":[144],"activities":[147,240,269],"social":[150],"studies":[151],"education":[152],"project":[153],"carried":[154,270],"out":[155,271],"within":[156],"scope":[158],"TUBITAK":[160],"4004":[161],"Nature":[162],"Education":[163],"Science":[165],"Schools":[166],"Support":[167],"Program":[168],"use":[179],"spaces":[182],"teaching":[184,244],"skill.":[186],"study":[188,202],"was":[189],"conducted":[190],"case":[193],"one":[195],"qualitative":[198],"research":[199],"types.":[200],"group":[203],"consisted":[204],"30":[206],"prospective":[207],"teachers":[208,254],"selected":[209],"by":[210,216,224,281],"criterion":[211],"sampling.":[212],"data":[214],"obtained":[215,231],"open-ended":[217],"questionnaire":[218],"document":[220],"analysis":[221],"were":[222],"evaluated":[223],"content":[225],"analysis.":[226],"According":[227],"findings":[230],"shows":[236],"applied":[239],"effective":[242],"Pre-service":[253],"stated":[255],"realize":[259],"spaces,":[261],"objects":[262],"assets":[264],"around":[265],"them":[266],"outside":[272],"school":[274],"applying":[282],"them.":[283]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2020-01-23T00:00:00"}