{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2998348332","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dys.1645","title":"Auditory frequency discrimination in developmental dyslexia: A meta\u2010analysis","display_name":"Auditory frequency discrimination in developmental dyslexia: A meta\u2010analysis","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-12-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2998348332","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dys.1645","mag":"2998348332","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31877576","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7028017"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/dys.1645","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dys.1645","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dys.1645","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/dys.1645","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S148607363","display_name":"Dyslexia","issn_l":"1076-9242","issn":["1076-9242","1099-0909"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Dyslexia","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/dys.1645","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036870991","display_name":"Caroline Witton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5610-4234","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5610-4234"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169199633","display_name":"Aston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05j0ve876","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Caroline Witton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aston Neuroscience Institute, Aston University, Birmingham, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5610-4234","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aston Neuroscience Institute, Aston University, Birmingham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070894235","display_name":"Katy Swoboda","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169199633","display_name":"Aston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05j0ve876","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Katy Swoboda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aston Neuroscience Institute, Aston University, Birmingham, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aston Neuroscience Institute, Aston University, Birmingham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089308084","display_name":"Laura R. Shapiro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3276-457X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3276-457X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169199633","display_name":"Aston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05j0ve876","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laura R. Shapiro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aston Neuroscience Institute, Aston University, Birmingham, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3276-457X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aston Neuroscience Institute, Aston University, Birmingham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032740420","display_name":"Joel B. Talcott","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7958-8369","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7958-8369"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169199633","display_name":"Aston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05j0ve876","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Joel B. Talcott","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aston Neuroscience Institute, Aston University, Birmingham, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7958-8369","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aston Neuroscience Institute, Aston University, Birmingham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5032740420"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"],"apc_list":{"value":3000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3000},"apc_paid":{"value":3000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3000},"fwci":0.3242,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.47752809,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"1","first_page":"36","last_page":"51"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10103","display_name":"Reading and Literacy Development","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10103","display_name":"Reading and Literacy Development","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10730","display_name":"Language Development and Disorders","score":0.002400000113993883,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14104","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3206","display_name":"Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/auditory-frequency-discrimination","display_name":"auditory frequency discrimination","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developmental-dyslexia","display_name":"developmental dyslexia","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/auditory-processing","display_name":"auditory processing","score":0.7170000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensory-processing","display_name":"sensory processing","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phonological-skills","display_name":"phonological skills","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading-development","display_name":"reading development","score":0.49900001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inter-study-variability","display_name":"inter-study variability","score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/effect-size-heterogeneity","display_name":"effect size heterogeneity","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moderating-variables","display_name":"moderators","score":0.4950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-disorders","display_name":"language disorders","score":0.3630000054836273}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7850686311721802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C506058694","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132971","display_name":"Dyslexia","level":3,"score":0.7082481980323792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93225998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1941972","display_name":"Moderation","level":2,"score":0.6260977983474731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.5724718570709229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.5474893450737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5000643730163574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95190672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815382","display_name":"Meta-analysis","level":2,"score":0.47668981552124023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.46407440304756165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117220453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5172842","display_name":"Correlation","level":2,"score":0.4374026656150818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776861996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q241849","display_name":"Sensory processing","level":3,"score":0.4291251599788666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.4271965026855469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.4177766442298889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.38418447971343994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94487597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11101","display_name":"Sensory system","level":2,"score":0.3784435987472534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.09796535968780518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001307","descriptor_name":"Auditory Perception","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003071","descriptor_name":"Cognition","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004410","descriptor_name":"Dyslexia","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004410","descriptor_name":"Dyslexia","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007805","descriptor_name":"Language Development Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008037","descriptor_name":"Linguistics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/dys.1645","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dys.1645","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dys.1645","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/dys.1645","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S148607363","display_name":"Dyslexia","issn_l":"1076-9242","issn":["1076-9242","1099-0909"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Dyslexia","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5980666","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7028017","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7028017","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7028017","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Dyslexia","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:31877576","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31877576","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Dyslexia (Chichester, England)","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publications.aston.ac.uk:41006","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://publications.aston.ac.uk/view/author/b7ac5e3c9e31726aeb9e0ea74753e740.html>,","pdf_url":"https://publications.aston.ac.uk/id/eprint/41006/1/Auditory_frequency_discrimination.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400483","display_name":"Aston Publications Explorer (Aston University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I169199633","host_organization_name":"Aston University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/dys.1645","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dys.1645","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dys.1645","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/dys.1645","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S148607363","display_name":"Dyslexia","issn_l":"1076-9242","issn":["1076-9242","1099-0909"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Dyslexia","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.504800021648407,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Systematic Review","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review"},{"display_name":"Meta-Analysis","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/meta-analysis"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4942058263","display_name":"Tracking changes in the influence of broad auditory and specific phonological skills on beginning and intermediate reading performance","funder_award_id":"ES/H031685/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334630","funder_display_name":"Economic and Social Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334630","display_name":"Economic and Social Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/03n0ht308"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2998348332.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2998348332.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":76,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1524293387","https://openalex.org/W1944955153","https://openalex.org/W1965508252","https://openalex.org/W1965992038","https://openalex.org/W1967302139","https://openalex.org/W1972909829","https://openalex.org/W1975566748","https://openalex.org/W1976110196","https://openalex.org/W1976894226","https://openalex.org/W1976959538","https://openalex.org/W1977298300","https://openalex.org/W1981459631","https://openalex.org/W1983610088","https://openalex.org/W1986333290","https://openalex.org/W1988631043","https://openalex.org/W1991658981","https://openalex.org/W1994512932","https://openalex.org/W1997890898","https://openalex.org/W2001113551","https://openalex.org/W2001601514","https://openalex.org/W2005797026","https://openalex.org/W2007634388","https://openalex.org/W2009344315","https://openalex.org/W2012530943","https://openalex.org/W2013549254","https://openalex.org/W2016587151","https://openalex.org/W2027109364","https://openalex.org/W2028811152","https://openalex.org/W2031252693","https://openalex.org/W2041514858","https://openalex.org/W2042175161","https://openalex.org/W2045175466","https://openalex.org/W2054950904","https://openalex.org/W2056021636","https://openalex.org/W2056533566","https://openalex.org/W2056579837","https://openalex.org/W2057211620","https://openalex.org/W2059211454","https://openalex.org/W2060878342","https://openalex.org/W2061876897","https://openalex.org/W2065665083","https://openalex.org/W2066523195","https://openalex.org/W2068862346","https://openalex.org/W2069879787","https://openalex.org/W2070832506","https://openalex.org/W2076894040","https://openalex.org/W2087814330","https://openalex.org/W2089036012","https://openalex.org/W2094096716","https://openalex.org/W2113250087","https://openalex.org/W2128091892","https://openalex.org/W2129998445","https://openalex.org/W2132747820","https://openalex.org/W2136345222","https://openalex.org/W2136702807","https://openalex.org/W2137812490","https://openalex.org/W2138350166","https://openalex.org/W2141006860","https://openalex.org/W2142115047","https://openalex.org/W2142888744","https://openalex.org/W2150273740","https://openalex.org/W2152787954","https://openalex.org/W2153925152","https://openalex.org/W2154720383","https://openalex.org/W2156181219","https://openalex.org/W2156891796","https://openalex.org/W2158484228","https://openalex.org/W2160147566","https://openalex.org/W2162129166","https://openalex.org/W2163550091","https://openalex.org/W2169308003","https://openalex.org/W2269076329","https://openalex.org/W2612446020","https://openalex.org/W2884292576","https://openalex.org/W2894008571","https://openalex.org/W4297918764"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2170060355","https://openalex.org/W2156181219","https://openalex.org/W1981459631","https://openalex.org/W2070126187","https://openalex.org/W4391151572","https://openalex.org/W6889555427","https://openalex.org/W2057839954","https://openalex.org/W2788037600","https://openalex.org/W2020657502","https://openalex.org/W7100833214"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Auditory":[0],"frequency":[1,61,93],"discrimination":[2,62,94],"has":[3],"been":[4,24],"used":[5],"as":[6,17,26],"an":[7],"index":[8],"of":[9,44,68,99,101,109,150,159,166,170,190,204,219],"sensory":[10,182],"processing":[11,34,183],"in":[12,32,41,60,78,106,113,140,147,188,201,215],"developmental":[13,191],"language":[14],"disorders":[15],"such":[16],"dyslexia,":[18],"where":[19],"group":[20,58,90],"differences":[21,59,91,146],"have":[22],"often":[23,186],"interpreted":[25,200],"evidence":[27,56],"for":[28,57,89],"a":[29,50,102],"basic":[30],"deficit":[31],"auditory":[33],"that":[35,73,120],"underpins":[36],"and":[37,63,129,137,172,212],"constrains":[38],"individual":[39],"variability":[40,77,112,126,139],"the":[42,54,66,97,107,134,141,148,164,177,202,216],"development":[43],"phonological":[45],"skills.":[46],"Here,":[47],"we":[48],"conducted":[49],"meta-analysis":[51],"to":[52,64,76,124,138,145,196],"evaluate":[53],"cumulative":[55],"explore":[65],"impact":[67],"some":[69],"potential":[70],"moderator":[71],"variables":[72,131],"could":[74],"contribute":[75],"effect-size":[79],"estimations":[80],"across":[81,153,176],"studies.":[82,154,179],"Our":[83],"analyses":[84,118],"revealed":[85],"mean":[86],"effect":[87,151],"sizes":[88],"on":[92,96,127,181],"tasks":[95,184],"order":[98],"three-quarters":[100],"standard":[103],"deviation,":[104],"but":[105,193],"presence":[108],"substantial":[110],"inter-study":[111],"their":[114],"magnitude.":[115],"Moderator":[116],"variable":[117],"indicated":[119],"factors":[121],"related":[122],"both":[123],"participant":[125],"behavioural":[128],"cognitive":[130,171],"associated":[132],"with":[133],"dyslexia":[135],"phenotype,":[136],"task":[142],"design,":[143],"contributed":[144],"magnitude":[149],"size":[152],"The":[155],"apparently":[156],"complex":[157],"pattern":[158],"results":[160],"was":[161],"compounded":[162],"by":[163],"lack":[165],"concurrent,":[167],"standardised":[168],"metrics":[169],"reading":[173],"component":[174],"skills":[175],"constituent":[178],"Differences":[180],"are":[185],"reported":[187],"studies":[189],"disorders,":[192],"these":[194],"need":[195],"be":[197],"more":[198],"carefully":[199],"context":[203],"non-sensory":[205],"factors,":[206],"which":[207],"may":[208],"explain":[209],"significant":[210],"inter-":[211],"intra-group":[213],"variance":[214],"dependent":[217],"measure":[218],"interest.":[220]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2020-01-10T00:00:00"}
