{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2996891739","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wene.370","title":"Cost comparison and optimization of gas electric hybrid heat pumps","display_name":"Cost comparison and optimization of gas electric hybrid heat pumps","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2996891739","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wene.370","mag":"2996891739"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/wene.370","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wene.370","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wene.370","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764570418","display_name":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Energy and Environment","issn_l":"2041-8396","issn":["2041-8396","2041-840X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"WIREs Energy and Environment","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/ef8cdb49-ffa1-4cf4-8f34-eb1eef2003c4","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020937819","display_name":"Tara Sabbagh Amirkhizi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6873-5298","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6873-5298"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark","ror":"https://ror.org/04qtj9h94","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tara S. Amirkhizi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Management, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6873-5298","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Management, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020260085","display_name":"Ida Gr\u00e6sted Jensen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7409-3439","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7409-3439"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark","ror":"https://ror.org/04qtj9h94","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ida G. Jensen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Management, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Management, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5020937819"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"],"apc_list":{"value":3600,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3600},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5158,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59100908,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"3","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11185","display_name":"Integrated Energy Systems Optimization","score":0.9765999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11185","display_name":"Integrated Energy Systems Optimization","score":0.9765999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11529","display_name":"Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Technologies","score":0.011699999682605267,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.0038999998942017555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/levelized-cost-of-heat","display_name":"levelized cost of heat","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residential-heating","display_name":"residential heating","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-gas-boilers","display_name":"natural gas boilers","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operation-scheduling","display_name":"operation scheduling","score":0.5720000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/load-shifting","display_name":"load shifting","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wind-power-integration","display_name":"wind power integration","score":0.878000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cost-optimization-model","display_name":"cost optimization model","score":0.5410000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heating-system-comparison","display_name":"heating system comparison","score":0.5669999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/danish-energy-system","display_name":"Danish energy system","score":0.6380000114440918}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21880701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2144042","display_name":"Process engineering","level":1,"score":0.48246484994888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776461528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131313","display_name":"Heat pump","level":3,"score":0.4601247310638428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4442073404788971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.37185585498809814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.343951553106308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2815747857093811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.25140872597694397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107706546","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189124","display_name":"Heat exchanger","level":2,"score":0.16856014728546143}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/wene.370","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wene.370","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wene.370","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764570418","display_name":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Energy and Environment","issn_l":"2041-8396","issn":["2041-8396","2041-840X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"WIREs Energy and Environment","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/ef8cdb49-ffa1-4cf4-8f34-eb1eef2003c4","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/ef8cdb49-ffa1-4cf4-8f34-eb1eef2003c4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400705","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark, DTU Orbit (Technical University of Denmark, DTU)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","host_organization_name":"Technical University of Denmark","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Amirkhizi , T S &amp; Jensen , I G 2020 , ' Cost comparison and optimization of gas electric hybrid heat pumps ' , Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment , vol. 9 , no. 3 , e370 . https://doi.org/10.1002/wene.370","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/ef8cdb49-ffa1-4cf4-8f34-eb1eef2003c4","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/ef8cdb49-ffa1-4cf4-8f34-eb1eef2003c4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400705","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark, DTU Orbit (Technical University of Denmark, DTU)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","host_organization_name":"Technical University of Denmark","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Amirkhizi , T S &amp; Jensen , I G 2020 , ' Cost comparison and optimization of gas electric hybrid heat pumps ' , Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment , vol. 9 , no. 3 , e370 . https://doi.org/10.1002/wene.370","raw_type":"article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"},{"score":0.9786999821662903,"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"},{"score":0.4943999946117401,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1934934075","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"5160\u201000006B","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313796","funder_display_name":"Innovationsfonden"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313796","display_name":"Innovationsfonden","ror":"https://ror.org/00daj4111"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966762530","https://openalex.org/W1980465499","https://openalex.org/W2014144881","https://openalex.org/W2014170699","https://openalex.org/W2032849880","https://openalex.org/W2038621246","https://openalex.org/W2060731220","https://openalex.org/W2084225759","https://openalex.org/W2127391331","https://openalex.org/W2268820407","https://openalex.org/W2362195720","https://openalex.org/W2410871005","https://openalex.org/W2500170076","https://openalex.org/W2553501321","https://openalex.org/W2579986048","https://openalex.org/W2728615564","https://openalex.org/W2801893891","https://openalex.org/W2804935154","https://openalex.org/W2807736760","https://openalex.org/W2891031685","https://openalex.org/W2901489701","https://openalex.org/W2947150164","https://openalex.org/W2954265707"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2895401419","https://openalex.org/W7057238387","https://openalex.org/W7047711796","https://openalex.org/W2014170699","https://openalex.org/W4409175085","https://openalex.org/W4417028718","https://openalex.org/W4283830274","https://openalex.org/W4417214670","https://openalex.org/W3032731792","https://openalex.org/W2410871005"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1,25],"residential":[2],"heating":[3,108,175,188],"sector":[4],"can":[5,32],"offer":[6,33],"significant":[7],"load\u2010shifting":[8],"possibilities":[9],"to":[10,29,36],"the":[11,37,40,97,112,115,119,146,152,157,161,165,171,179,183],"energy":[12,44],"system.":[13,45],"Currently":[14],"400,000":[15],"households":[16],"in":[17,114],"Denmark":[18],"are":[19,52],"heated":[20],"by":[21,76],"natural":[22],"gas":[23,64,80,153],"boilers.":[24],"power":[26],"consumption":[27],"corresponding":[28],"these":[30],"boilers":[31],"high":[34],"value":[35],"stabilization":[38],"of":[39,57,72,92,100,102,118,156,160,168,170],"wind":[41],"intensive":[42],"Danish":[43],"Gas":[46],"electric":[47,59,73],"hybrid":[48],"heat":[49,54,60,74,101,169],"pumps":[50,55,75],"(GEHHPs)":[51],"individual":[53,107,187],"consisting":[56],"an":[58],"pump":[61],"and":[62,95,125,129,134,200,207,214],"a":[63,68,88,93,123,126],"boiler.":[65],"They":[66],"enable":[67],"fully":[69],"flexible":[70],"operation":[71,116,140,149],"supplementing":[77],"electricity":[78],"with":[79,105,173],"when":[81],"necessary.":[82],"In":[83],"this":[84,103],"paper,":[85],"we":[86],"construct":[87],"cost":[89,99,167,185],"optimization":[90],"model":[91],"GEHHP":[94,158,172,180],"compare":[96],"levelized":[98,166],"system":[104],"other":[106,174],"systems.":[109],"We":[110],"investigate":[111],"changes":[113],"schedule":[117,150],"GEHHP,":[120],"both":[121],"from":[122],"socio\u2010":[124],"private\u2010economic":[127],"perspective,":[128],"analyze":[130],"how":[131],"certain":[132],"economic":[133],"technological":[135],"framework":[136],"conditions":[137],"influence":[138],"their":[139],"schedule.":[141],"Our":[142],"article":[143,191],"shows":[144],"that":[145,178],"end\u2010consumer's":[147],"optimal":[148],"uses":[151],"boiler":[154],"component":[155],"24%":[159],"time.":[162],"Additionally,":[163],"comparing":[164],"alternatives":[176],"proves":[177],"setup":[181],"is":[182,192],"most":[184],"efficient":[186],"alternative.":[189],"This":[190],"categorized":[193],"under:":[194],"Energy":[195,202,209],"Systems":[196,203,210,213],"Analysis":[197],">":[198,205,212],"Economics":[199,204,206,211],"Policy":[201,208],"Infrastructure":[215]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2020-01-10T00:00:00"}
