{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2996561035","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4271/2019-01-2174","title":"Improving the Low Load Operation of a Dual-Fuel Diesel/Natural Gas Engine by Premixing the Diesel Fuel","display_name":"Improving the Low Load Operation of a Dual-Fuel Diesel/Natural Gas Engine by Premixing the Diesel Fuel","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-12-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2996561035","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4271/2019-01-2174","mag":"2996561035"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4271/2019-01-2174","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4271/2019-01-2174","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4271/2019-01-2174","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202285","display_name":"SAE technical papers on CD-ROM/SAE technical paper series","issn_l":"0148-7191","issn":["0148-7191","1083-4958","2688-3627"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SAE Technical Paper Series","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069198056","display_name":"Darko Kozarac","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4453-4031","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4453-4031"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181343428","display_name":"University of Zagreb","ror":"https://ror.org/00mv6sv71","country_code":"HR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181343428"]}],"countries":["HR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Darko Kozarac","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Zagreb, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Zagreb, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181343428"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020576849","display_name":"Mario Sremec","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181343428","display_name":"University of Zagreb","ror":"https://ror.org/00mv6sv71","country_code":"HR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181343428"]}],"countries":["HR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mario Sremec","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Zagreb, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Zagreb, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181343428"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006725908","display_name":"Ante Vu\u010deti\u0107","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181343428","display_name":"University of Zagreb","ror":"https://ror.org/00mv6sv71","country_code":"HR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181343428"]}],"countries":["HR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ante Vu\u010deti\u0107","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Zagreb, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Zagreb, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181343428"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033574255","display_name":"Mladen Bo\u017ei\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2313-2343","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2313-2343"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181343428","display_name":"University of Zagreb","ror":"https://ror.org/00mv6sv71","country_code":"HR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181343428"]}],"countries":["HR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mladen Bo\u017ei\u0107","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Zagreb, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Zagreb, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181343428"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181343428"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9841,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75233281,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10117","display_name":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1507","display_name":"Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10117","display_name":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1507","display_name":"Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10507","display_name":"Biodiesel Production and Applications","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10553","display_name":"Combustion and flame dynamics","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dual-fuel-operation","display_name":"dual fuel operation","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-load-operation","display_name":"low load operation","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reactivity-controlled-compression-ignition","display_name":"reactivity controlled compression ignition","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/split-injection","display_name":"split injection","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nox-emissions","display_name":"NOx emissions","score":0.6230000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-monoxide-emissions","display_name":"carbon monoxide emissions","score":0.7459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thc-emissions","display_name":"THC emissions","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engine-efficiency","display_name":"engine efficiency","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/co2-emissions","display_name":"CO2 emissions","score":0.7910000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cost-effectiveness","display_name":"cost-effectiveness","score":0.8560000061988831}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138171918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38423","display_name":"Diesel fuel","level":2,"score":0.7963903546333313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.627478301525116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780980858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110022","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","level":2,"score":0.6261169910430908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.546570360660553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780804531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174174","display_name":"Diesel engine","level":2,"score":0.5435417294502258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40098085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2584993","display_name":"Winter diesel fuel","level":5,"score":0.49765923619270325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71034217","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q142663","display_name":"Diesel cycle","level":4,"score":0.4798942804336548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.45073145627975464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511840579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12757","display_name":"Internal combustion engine","level":2,"score":0.2497662603855133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39573554","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q502048","display_name":"Petrol engine","level":3,"score":0.24836060404777527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.23328661918640137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4271/2019-01-2174","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4271/2019-01-2174","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4271/2019-01-2174","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202285","display_name":"SAE technical papers on CD-ROM/SAE technical paper series","issn_l":"0148-7191","issn":["0148-7191","1083-4958","2688-3627"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SAE Technical Paper Series","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.878000020980835,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.685699999332428,"display_name":"Climate action"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W94183476","https://openalex.org/W137188139","https://openalex.org/W233251889","https://openalex.org/W1500347465","https://openalex.org/W1555393168","https://openalex.org/W1663157975","https://openalex.org/W1964597324","https://openalex.org/W1970580109","https://openalex.org/W2020574467","https://openalex.org/W2038781786","https://openalex.org/W2050134804","https://openalex.org/W2052361410","https://openalex.org/W2073486380","https://openalex.org/W2081801471","https://openalex.org/W2139565192","https://openalex.org/W2280707750","https://openalex.org/W2607606249","https://openalex.org/W2613853848","https://openalex.org/W2725861084","https://openalex.org/W2775584087","https://openalex.org/W2804230164","https://openalex.org/W2929974067"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2898839055","https://openalex.org/W2942075686","https://openalex.org/W2942806899","https://openalex.org/W2047972770","https://openalex.org/W2913498686","https://openalex.org/W4236370510","https://openalex.org/W2888014785","https://openalex.org/W2030986137","https://openalex.org/W2533921913","https://openalex.org/W2744342504"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,21,42],"paper":[1],"evaluates":[2],"different":[3],"strategies":[4,22],"of":[5,12,71,89],"dual":[6],"fuel":[7],"(DF)":[8],"operation":[9,44,47,74],"in":[10,65],"search":[11],"a":[13,87],"solution":[14],"that":[15,23],"enables":[16],"DF":[17,28,46,66],"at":[18,48],"low":[19],"load.":[20],"were":[24],"explored":[25],"are":[26],"conventional":[27],"with":[29,54],"increased":[30],"intake":[31],"temperature,":[32],"split":[33],"injection,":[34],"and":[35,57,61],"reactivity":[36],"controlled":[37],"compression":[38],"ignition":[39],"(RCCI)":[40],"combustion.":[41],"RCCI":[43,92],"enabled":[45],"higher":[49,55],"natural":[50],"gas":[51],"mass":[52],"fractions,":[53],"efficiency,":[56],"lower":[58],"THC,":[59],"CO":[60],"NOX":[62],"emissions":[63],"than":[64,96],"operation,":[67],"while":[68],"the":[69],"efficiency":[70],"normal":[72],"diesel":[73],"(NDO)":[75],"remained":[76],"highest.":[77],"If":[78],"CO2":[79],"emission":[80],"or":[81],"cost":[82],"effectiveness":[83],"is":[84],"used":[85],"as":[86,98],"measure":[88],"performance":[90,95],"then":[91],"provided":[93],"better":[94],"NDO":[97],"well.":[99]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2019-12-26T00:00:00"}