{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2995993261","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1912.04635","title":"Backprop Diffusion is Biologically Plausible","display_name":"Backprop Diffusion is Biologically Plausible","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-12-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2995993261","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1912.04635","mag":"2995993261"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1912.04635","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1912.04635","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1912.04635","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1912.04635","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081357662","display_name":"Alessandro Betti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9052-8743","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9052-8743"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102064193","display_name":"University of Siena","ror":"https://ror.org/01tevnk56","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102064193"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Betti, Alessandro","raw_affiliation_strings":["DIISM , University of Siena , Siena , Italy","University of Siena"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DIISM , University of Siena , Siena , Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102064193"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Siena","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102064193"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022658803","display_name":"Marco Gori","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6337-5430","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6337-5430"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102064193","display_name":"University of Siena","ror":"https://ror.org/01tevnk56","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102064193"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201841394","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 C\u00f4te d'Azur","ror":"https://ror.org/019tgvf94","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201841394"]}],"countries":["FR","IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gori, Marco","raw_affiliation_strings":["DIISM , University of Siena , Siena , Italy","Maasai , Universit\u00e8 C\u00f4te d'Azur , Nice , France","University of Siena"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DIISM , University of Siena , Siena , Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102064193"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Maasai , Universit\u00e8 C\u00f4te d'Azur , Nice , France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201841394"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Siena","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102064193"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backpropagation","display_name":"backpropagation","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biological-plausibility","display_name":"biological plausibility","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diffusion","display_name":"diffusion","score":0.574999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feedforward-neural-networks","display_name":"feedforward neural networks","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gradient-approximation","display_name":"gradient approximation","score":0.7490000128746033}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69357855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q163214","display_name":"Diffusion","level":2,"score":0.525169312953949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.45451945066452026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.38769012689590454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.32111459970474243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.17015600204467773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.13125309348106384}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1912.04635","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1912.04635","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1912.04635","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-02878574v1","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-02878574","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405252976","host_organization_name":"Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405252976"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"2020","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/preprint"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1912.04635","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1912.04635","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1912.04635","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1912.04635","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1912.04635","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1912.04635","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2995993261.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2995993261.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W202678205","https://openalex.org/W750471946","https://openalex.org/W1680579736","https://openalex.org/W2003357516","https://openalex.org/W2114469497","https://openalex.org/W2552737632","https://openalex.org/W2557283755","https://openalex.org/W2769490618","https://openalex.org/W2784357329","https://openalex.org/W2884844570","https://openalex.org/W2888952545"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7095222033","https://openalex.org/W7133229913","https://openalex.org/W2958540581","https://openalex.org/W3086298921","https://openalex.org/W4411555890","https://openalex.org/W4391018466","https://openalex.org/W6894191110","https://openalex.org/W2921963489","https://openalex.org/W84598721","https://openalex.org/W2097288650"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"Backpropagation":[1],"algorithm":[2,153],"relies":[3],"on":[4,105],"the":[5,16,21,27,42,50,56,87,95,118,130,133,139,143,151],"abstraction":[6,36],"of":[7,15,18,37,98,132,157],"using":[8],"a":[9,77,99,113,155,158],"neural":[10,168],"model":[11],"that":[12,34,46,73,111,122,163],"gets":[13],"rid":[14],"notion":[17],"time,":[19,39],"since":[20],"input":[22,44],"is":[23,65],"mapped":[24],"instantaneously":[25],"to":[26,93,129,149],"output.":[28],"In":[29],"this":[30,35],"paper,":[31],"we":[32],"claim":[33],"ignoring":[38],"along":[40],"with":[41,82,84,127,170],"abrupt":[43],"changes":[45],"occur":[47],"when":[48],"feeding":[49],"training":[51],"set,":[52],"are":[53,123],"in":[54,59,167],"fact":[55],"reasons":[57],"why,":[58],"some":[60],"papers,":[61],"Backprop":[62],"biological":[63],"plausibility":[64],"regarded":[66],"as":[67,74,76,154],"an":[68],"arguable":[69],"issue.":[70],"We":[71,108],"show":[72,110],"soon":[75],"deep":[78],"feedforward":[79],"network":[80],"operates":[81],"neurons":[83],"time-delayed":[85],"response,":[86],"backprop":[88,144],"weight":[89],"update":[90],"turns":[91],"out":[92],"be":[94],"basic":[96],"equation":[97,145],"biologically":[100],"plausible":[101],"diffusion":[102,140,161],"process":[103,114,141,162],"based":[104],"forward-backward":[106],"waves.":[107],"also":[109,166],"such":[112],"very":[115],"well":[116],"approximates":[117],"gradient":[119],"for":[120],"inputs":[121],"not":[124],"too":[125],"fast":[126],"respect":[128],"depth":[131],"network.":[134],"These":[135],"remarks":[136],"somewhat":[137],"disclose":[138],"behind":[142],"and":[146],"leads":[147],"us":[148],"interpret":[150],"corresponding":[152],"degeneration":[156],"more":[159],"general":[160],"takes":[164],"place":[165],"networks":[169],"cyclic":[171],"connections.":[172]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2019-12-26T00:00:00"}
