{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2995215381","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-53595-3","title":"Unanticipated Side Effects of Stratospheric Albedo Modification Proposals Due to Aerosol Composition and Phase","display_name":"Unanticipated Side Effects of Stratospheric Albedo Modification Proposals Due to Aerosol Composition and Phase","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-12-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2995215381","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-53595-3","mag":"2995215381","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31827104","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6906325"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-019-53595-3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-53595-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-53595-3","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-53595-3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","datacite","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-53595-3.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012712457","display_name":"Daniel J. Cziczo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1851-8740","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1851-8740"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Daniel J. Cziczo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, United States. djcziczo@purdue.edu","Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, United States. djcziczo@purdue.edu","Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, 550 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47906, United States. djcziczo@purdue.edu","Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, United States. djcziczo@purdue.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, United States. djcziczo@purdue.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, 550 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47906, United States. djcziczo@purdue.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056639757","display_name":"Martin J. Wolf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8553-8808","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8553-8808"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin J. Wolf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070016171","display_name":"Bla\u017e Gasparini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7177-0155","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7177-0155"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405257520","display_name":"Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05bzz1e33","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088","https://openalex.org/I4405257520"]}],"countries":["CH","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bla\u017e Gasparini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, 408 ATG, Box 351640, Seattle, Washington, 98195, United States","Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Z\u00fcrich, Universitaetstrasse 16, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7177-0155","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, 408 ATG, Box 351640, Seattle, Washington, 98195, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Z\u00fcrich, Universitaetstrasse 16, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088","https://openalex.org/I4405257520"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112527589","display_name":"Steffen M\u00fcnch","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405257520","display_name":"Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05bzz1e33","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088","https://openalex.org/I4405257520"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steffen M\u00fcnch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Z\u00fcrich, Universitaetstrasse 16, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Z\u00fcrich, Universitaetstrasse 16, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088","https://openalex.org/I4405257520"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041284859","display_name":"Ulrike Lohmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8885-3785","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8885-3785"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405257520","display_name":"Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05bzz1e33","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088","https://openalex.org/I4405257520"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ulrike Lohmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Z\u00fcrich, Universitaetstrasse 16, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8885-3785","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Z\u00fcrich, Universitaetstrasse 16, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088","https://openalex.org/I4405257520"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5012712457"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219","https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"apc_list":{"value":1790,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1790},"apc_paid":{"value":1790,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1790},"fwci":1.0826,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75488218,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"1","first_page":"18825","last_page":"18825"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12615","display_name":"Climate Change and Geoengineering","score":0.7099999785423279,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12615","display_name":"Climate Change and Geoengineering","score":0.7099999785423279,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":0.25609999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10075","display_name":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","score":0.016300000250339508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stratospheric-aerosol-injection","display_name":"stratospheric aerosol injection","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solar-geoengineering","display_name":"solar geoengineering","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calcite-particles","display_name":"calcite particles","score":0.6899999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerosol-composition","display_name":"aerosol chemical composition","score":0.6990000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerosol-phase","display_name":"aerosol phase","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stratospheric-ozone-depletion","display_name":"stratospheric ozone depletion","score":0.7310000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polar-stratospheric-clouds","display_name":"polar stratospheric clouds","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ice-nucleation","display_name":"ice nucleation","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cirrus-clouds","display_name":"cirrus clouds","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiative-forcing","display_name":"radiative forcing","score":0.6159999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unintended-consequences","display_name":"unintended consequences","score":0.609000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aqueous-aerosols","display_name":"aqueous aerosols","score":0.5509999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrate-phases","display_name":"hydrate phases","score":0.4309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/greenhouse-gas-emissions-reduction","display_name":"greenhouse gas emissions reduction","score":0.35499998927116394}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163861444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108376","display_name":"Stratosphere","level":2,"score":0.7512017488479614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.7132673859596252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99578197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1463606","display_name":"Radiative forcing","level":3,"score":0.6897198557853699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6018858551979065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7337166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1292280","display_name":"Earth's energy budget","level":3,"score":0.5751364231109619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779345167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104541","display_name":"Aerosol","level":2,"score":0.5501691102981567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75115192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1798127","display_name":"Cloud albedo","level":4,"score":0.5355595946311951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9075549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40631","display_name":"Troposphere","level":2,"score":0.5089290142059326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65440619","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177974","display_name":"Atmosphere (unit)","level":2,"score":0.48939886689186096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195886398","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2110050","display_name":"Albedo (alchemy)","level":3,"score":0.47045624256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137851953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41560","display_name":"Greenhouse effect","level":4,"score":0.4185140132904053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47737302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167336","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","level":2,"score":0.41743335127830505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115343472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Global warming","level":3,"score":0.2684725522994995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.23038113117218018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.20447617769241333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206887242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830457","display_name":"Cloud cover","level":3,"score":0.17205291986465454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.13107696175575256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.1118396520614624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.10895586013793945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153385146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18335","display_name":"Radiation","level":2,"score":0.09490123391151428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554144382","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213156","display_name":"Performance art","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52119013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50637","display_name":"Art history","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-019-53595-3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-53595-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-53595-3","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-53595-3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6906325","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6906325","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sci Rep","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:31827104","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31827104","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific reports","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1ebba3b97431483589c645d73b1fbd91","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1ebba3b97431483589c645d73b1fbd91","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-7 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/124749","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/124749","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400425","display_name":"DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","host_organization_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.research-collection.ethz.ch:20.500.11850/387036","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/387036","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402302","display_name":"Repository for Publications and Research Data (ETH Zurich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","host_organization_name":"ETH Zurich","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports, 9 (1)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"doi:10.3929/ethz-b-000387036","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000387036","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000387036","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051236","display_name":"ETH Z\u00fcrich Research Collection","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-019-53595-3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-53595-3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-53595-3","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-53595-3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","score":0.9786999821662903,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2094652775","display_name":"Climate Engineering by Arctic Winter Cirrus Thinning: Risks andFeasibility (AWiCiT)","funder_award_id":"166726","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","funder_display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8158991813","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"200021E","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","funder_display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","ror":"https://ror.org/00yjd3n13"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2995215381.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2995215381.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1514009377","https://openalex.org/W1553522001","https://openalex.org/W1587101236","https://openalex.org/W1718036133","https://openalex.org/W1949079599","https://openalex.org/W1981543262","https://openalex.org/W1982846260","https://openalex.org/W2004036185","https://openalex.org/W2022139057","https://openalex.org/W2030102203","https://openalex.org/W2067724780","https://openalex.org/W2071874271","https://openalex.org/W2088971335","https://openalex.org/W2093808168","https://openalex.org/W2098751296","https://openalex.org/W2111390092","https://openalex.org/W2112209495","https://openalex.org/W2131974595","https://openalex.org/W2135110893","https://openalex.org/W2159425335","https://openalex.org/W2290362512","https://openalex.org/W2312407469","https://openalex.org/W2337644167","https://openalex.org/W2345205671","https://openalex.org/W2416004699","https://openalex.org/W2482263809","https://openalex.org/W2495202577","https://openalex.org/W2561419553","https://openalex.org/W2756213145","https://openalex.org/W2766556236","https://openalex.org/W2767528302","https://openalex.org/W2794728571","https://openalex.org/W2912891678","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4322211182","https://openalex.org/W4407841173","https://openalex.org/W6973835161","https://openalex.org/W6959364527","https://openalex.org/W4390141518","https://openalex.org/W2170934462","https://openalex.org/W4405438279","https://openalex.org/W2133169069","https://openalex.org/W4408487446","https://openalex.org/W4394641662"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"Earth":[1],"has":[2,108],"now":[3],"warmed":[4],"~1.0":[5],"\u00b0C":[6],"since":[7],"the":[8,16,23,49,78,91,99,129,154,166,172,195,203],"period":[9],"1850-1900,":[10],"due":[11],"in":[12,56,98,102,171],"large":[13],"part":[14],"to":[15,22,27,60,77,120,128,194,199,208],"anthropogenic":[17],"addition":[18,73,127],"of":[19,36,42,63,74,93,174,188,202],"greenhouse":[20,43],"gases":[21],"atmosphere.":[24],"Most":[25],"strategies":[26],"address":[28],"this":[29],"warming":[30],"have":[31,71],"called":[32],"for":[33,157],"a":[34,103],"reduction":[35],"emissions":[37,193],"and,":[38,162],"often,":[39],"accompanying":[40],"removal":[41],"gases.":[44],"Other":[45],"proposals":[46,70],"suggest":[47,149],"masking":[48],"increased":[50],"radiative":[51,135,204],"forcing":[52],"by":[53,137],"an":[54,184],"increase":[55,61],"particles":[57,76,150],"and/or":[58],"clouds":[59,170],"scattering":[62],"incoming":[64],"solar":[65],"radiation.":[66],"Two":[67],"related":[68],"recent":[69],"suggested":[72],"calcite":[75,94],"stratosphere,":[79],"which":[80],"one":[81],"model":[82],"suggests":[83,125],"may":[84],"enhance":[85],"ozone.":[86],"Here":[87],"we":[88],"show":[89,182],"that":[90,117,183],"interaction":[92],"with":[95],"acidic":[96],"materials":[97],"stratosphere":[100,130],"results":[101,148,181],"more":[104],"complex":[105],"aerosol":[106],"than":[107],"been":[109],"previously":[110],"considered,":[111],"including":[112],"aqueous":[113],"and":[114,143,146,206],"hydrate":[115],"phases":[116],"can":[118,197],"lead":[119,198],"ozone":[121],"loss.":[122],"Our":[123],"study":[124],"particle":[126,192],"could":[131],"also":[132],"perturb":[133],"global":[134],"balance":[136],"affecting":[138],"high":[139],"altitude":[140],"cloud":[141,160],"formation":[142],"properties.":[144],"Experimental":[145],"modeling":[147],"will":[151],"act":[152],"as":[153],"nucleation":[155],"sites":[156],"polar":[158],"stratospheric":[159],"ice":[161,177],"after":[163],"sedimentation":[164],"into":[165],"troposphere,":[167],"impact":[168],"cirrus":[169],"absence":[173],"other":[175],"efficient":[176],"nucleating":[178],"particles.":[179],"These":[180],"overly":[185],"simplistic":[186],"set":[187],"assumptions":[189],"regarding":[190],"intentional":[191],"atmosphere":[196],"incorrect":[200],"estimates":[201],"effect":[205],"fail":[207],"identify":[209],"unintended":[210],"consequences.":[211]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2019-12-26T00:00:00"}