{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2995129386","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5044819","title":"Examination of ductile spall failure through direct numerical simulation","display_name":"Examination of ductile spall failure through direct numerical simulation","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2995129386","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5044819","mag":"2995129386"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1063/1.5044819","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5044819","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5044819","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764696622","display_name":"AIP conference proceedings","issn_l":"0094-243X","issn":["0094-243X","1551-7616","1935-0465"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320257","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AIP Conference Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073371945","display_name":"Kyle Callaghan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405280633","display_name":"Academy of Applied Science","ror":"https://ror.org/037c30s77","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405280633"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kyle Callaghan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aberdeen Science and Math Academy, 251 Paradise Rd, Aberdeen, MD 21001, USA","Academy of Applied Science, 24 Warren Street, Concord, NH 03301, USA","Current address: Dept. of Aerospace Engineering, Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aberdeen Science and Math Academy, 251 Paradise Rd, Aberdeen, MD 21001, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academy of Applied Science, 24 Warren Street, Concord, NH 03301, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405280633"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Current address: Dept. of Aerospace Engineering, Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019273741","display_name":"Richard Becker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0104-856X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0104-856X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166416128","display_name":"DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/011hc8f90","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I166416128","https://openalex.org/I2802705668","https://openalex.org/I4210154437"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Richard Becker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Impact Physics Branch, US Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Impact Physics Branch, US Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166416128"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019273741"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166416128"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9568,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6156939,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"1979","issue":null,"first_page":"070010","last_page":"070010"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11699","display_name":"High-Velocity Impact and Material Behavior","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11699","display_name":"High-Velocity Impact and Material Behavior","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10700","display_name":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10161","display_name":"Rock Mechanics and Modeling","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/void-growth","display_name":"void growth","score":0.718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/void-coalescence","display_name":"void coalescence","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stress-release","display_name":"stress release","score":0.6209999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strain-rate-effects","display_name":"strain rate sensitivity","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/free-surface-velocity","display_name":"free surface velocity","score":0.8149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-strain-rate-loading","display_name":"high strain rate loading","score":0.492000013589859}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64355373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1024411","display_name":"Spall","level":2,"score":0.9788550734519958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7885564565658569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149792144","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2071902","display_name":"Coalescence (physics)","level":2,"score":0.7414219379425049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779772531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19689164","display_name":"Void (composites)","level":2,"score":0.6998921632766724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.48724761605262756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87976508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1498213","display_name":"Microstructure","level":2,"score":0.4852883517742157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985301194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193514","display_name":"Tensile strain","level":3,"score":0.46785834431648254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112950240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76005","display_name":"Ultimate tensile strength","level":2,"score":0.45078954100608826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21036866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181767","display_name":"Stress (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.44650012254714966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C500300565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q925667","display_name":"Computer simulation","level":2,"score":0.4426245093345642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.42562201619148254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171889981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1454008","display_name":"Free surface","level":2,"score":0.41483891010284424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.3251025676727295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07991692423820496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87355193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411","display_name":"Astrobiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1063/1.5044819","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5044819","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5044819","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764696622","display_name":"AIP conference proceedings","issn_l":"0094-243X","issn":["0094-243X","1551-7616","1935-0465"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320257","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AIP Conference Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306078","display_name":"U.S. Department of Defense","ror":"https://ror.org/0447fe631"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1496696676","https://openalex.org/W1652388399","https://openalex.org/W1998065506","https://openalex.org/W2011753233","https://openalex.org/W2015569192","https://openalex.org/W2017852119","https://openalex.org/W2021624559","https://openalex.org/W2030638139","https://openalex.org/W2039665920","https://openalex.org/W2067359324","https://openalex.org/W2076945696","https://openalex.org/W2077669315","https://openalex.org/W2079761999","https://openalex.org/W2091139943","https://openalex.org/W2246556207","https://openalex.org/W2591916717","https://openalex.org/W4293860789"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2591916717","https://openalex.org/W4221115402","https://openalex.org/W2393154503","https://openalex.org/W3185328799","https://openalex.org/W1595148304","https://openalex.org/W3112048863","https://openalex.org/W2588599031","https://openalex.org/W2884507771","https://openalex.org/W2019430329","https://openalex.org/W2888125732"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,32],"effects":[1,140],"of":[2,18,26,28,37,48,68,82],"stress":[3,106,122],"release":[4,42,51,138],"from":[5,23,107],"peak":[6,103],"loading":[7],"pressure":[8],"on":[9,43],"spall":[10,44,77],"failure":[11],"are":[12,59,141],"examined":[13],"by":[14],"direct":[15],"numerical":[16],"simulation":[17],"void":[19,29],"growth":[20],"and":[21,40,56,75,85,126],"coalescence":[22],"a":[24,79],"population":[25],"thousands":[27],"nucleating":[30],"particles.":[31],"analyses":[33],"examine":[34],"the":[35,46,62,69,83,94,102,108,116,131,137],"importance":[36],"strain":[38],"rate":[39,139],"ramp":[41,54],"stress,":[45],"impact":[47],"square":[49,109],"wave":[50],"compared":[52],"to":[53,74,136],"release,":[55,118],"how":[57],"these":[58],"manifest":[60],"in":[61],"free":[63,132],"surface":[64],"velocity":[65],"profile.":[66],"Availability":[67],"complete":[70],"internal":[71],"state":[72],"prior":[73],"after":[76],"facilitates":[78],"greater":[80,113],"understanding":[81],"process":[84],"provides":[86],"insights":[87],"into":[88],"potential":[89],"microstructure":[90],"mechanisms":[91],"for":[92,115],"assessing":[93],"ramp-release":[95],"response.":[96],"An":[97],"unanticipated":[98],"result":[99],"is":[100,112,123,127],"that":[101],"pre-spall":[104],"tensile":[105],"shaped":[110],"pulse":[111],"than":[114],"ramped":[117],"but":[119],"this":[120],"higher":[121],"quickly":[124],"subsumed":[125],"not":[128],"evident":[129],"at":[130],"surface.":[133],"Mechanisms":[134],"contributing":[135],"discussed.":[142]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2019-12-26T00:00:00"}