{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2994948693","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntz233","title":"A Randomized Clinical Trial Examining the Effects of Instructions for Electronic Cigarette Use on Smoking-Related Behaviors and Biomarkers of Exposure","display_name":"A Randomized Clinical Trial Examining the Effects of Instructions for Electronic Cigarette Use on Smoking-Related Behaviors and Biomarkers of Exposure","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-12-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2994948693","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntz233","mag":"2994948693","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31828315","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7443587"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/ntr/ntz233","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntz233","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntz233","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62426309","display_name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","issn_l":"1462-2203","issn":["1462-2203","1469-994X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7443587","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054433219","display_name":"Dorothy K. Hatsukami","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1108-2609","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1108-2609"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4390039358","display_name":"Masonic Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05x083d20","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516","https://openalex.org/I4390039358"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dorothy K Hatsukami","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN","Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516","https://openalex.org/I4390039358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036498409","display_name":"Ellen M. Meier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5331-0630","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5331-0630"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191114373","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Stevens Point","ror":"https://ror.org/05sv6pg41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191114373"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ellen Meier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin \u2013 Stevens Point, Stevens Point, WI"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin \u2013 Stevens Point, Stevens Point, WI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191114373"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029696964","display_name":"Bruce R. Lindgren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2035-1751","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2035-1751"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4390039358","display_name":"Masonic Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05x083d20","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516","https://openalex.org/I4390039358"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bruce R Lindgren","raw_affiliation_strings":["Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516","https://openalex.org/I4390039358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Amanda Anderson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4390039358","display_name":"Masonic Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05x083d20","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516","https://openalex.org/I4390039358"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amanda Anderson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516","https://openalex.org/I4390039358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053507846","display_name":"Sarah A. Reisinger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3076-5405","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3076-5405"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sarah A Reisinger","raw_affiliation_strings":["James Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3076-5405","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"James Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051551252","display_name":"Kaila J. Norton","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292894508","display_name":"Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0499dwk57","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292894508"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kaila J Norton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292894508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063864213","display_name":"Lori Strayer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7859-3876","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7859-3876"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4390039358","display_name":"Masonic Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05x083d20","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516","https://openalex.org/I4390039358"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lori Strayer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516","https://openalex.org/I4390039358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104086220","display_name":"Joni A. Jensen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7515-6811","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7515-6811"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4390039358","display_name":"Masonic Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05x083d20","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516","https://openalex.org/I4390039358"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joni A Jensen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516","https://openalex.org/I4390039358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022641569","display_name":"Laura Dick","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4390039358","display_name":"Masonic Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05x083d20","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516","https://openalex.org/I4390039358"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laura Dick","raw_affiliation_strings":["Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516","https://openalex.org/I4390039358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022126431","display_name":"Sharon E. Murphy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5391-8104","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5391-8104"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4390039358","display_name":"Masonic Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05x083d20","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516","https://openalex.org/I4390039358"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sharon E Murphy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516","https://openalex.org/I4390039358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059851724","display_name":"Steven G. Carmella","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7383-5824","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7383-5824"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4390039358","display_name":"Masonic Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05x083d20","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516","https://openalex.org/I4390039358"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steven G Carmella","raw_affiliation_strings":["Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7383-5824","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516","https://openalex.org/I4390039358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101810606","display_name":"Mei Kuen Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4491-8038","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4491-8038"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4390039358","display_name":"Masonic Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05x083d20","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516","https://openalex.org/I4390039358"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mei-Kuen Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4491-8038","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516","https://openalex.org/I4390039358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069623269","display_name":"Menglan Chen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4390039358","display_name":"Masonic Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05x083d20","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516","https://openalex.org/I4390039358"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Menglan Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516","https://openalex.org/I4390039358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033402104","display_name":"Stephen S. Hecht","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7228-1356","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7228-1356"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4390039358","display_name":"Masonic Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05x083d20","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516","https://openalex.org/I4390039358"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen S Hecht","raw_affiliation_strings":["Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7228-1356","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516","https://openalex.org/I4390039358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011365975","display_name":"Richard J. O\u2019Connor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0644-182X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0644-182X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292894508","display_name":"Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0499dwk57","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292894508"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard J O\u2019connor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292894508"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079716545","display_name":"Peter G. Shields","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7404-217X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7404-217X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter G Shields","raw_affiliation_strings":["James Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"James Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5054433219"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516","https://openalex.org/I4390039358"],"apc_list":{"value":5392,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5392},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.5327,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":67,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97652946,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"9","first_page":"1524","last_page":"1532"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10060","display_name":"Smoking Behavior and Cessation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10060","display_name":"Smoking Behavior and Cessation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10043","display_name":"Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10143","display_name":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/e-cigarettes","display_name":"electronic cigarettes","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoking-cessation","display_name":"smoking cessation","score":0.6800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nicotine-replacement-therapy","display_name":"nicotine replacement therapy","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-monoxide","display_name":"carbon monoxide","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tobacco-carcinogens","display_name":"tobacco carcinogens","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toxic-exposure","display_name":"toxic exposure","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoking-prevalence","display_name":"smoking prevalence","score":0.3700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/incentives","display_name":"incentives","score":0.4350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/daily-smokers","display_name":"daily smokers","score":0.4259999990463257}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7414590716362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779547902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28086552","display_name":"Nicotine","level":2,"score":0.6735143065452576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776970978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189511","display_name":"Electronic cigarette","level":2,"score":0.6158387660980225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780473477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072135","display_name":"Toxicant","level":3,"score":0.5647697448730469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58874564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130768","display_name":"Smoke","level":2,"score":0.5202887654304504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168563851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","level":2,"score":0.49072253704071045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777843972","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2462253","display_name":"Smoking cessation","level":2,"score":0.4350889325141907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020384764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44106","display_name":"Tobacco product","level":2,"score":0.430306077003479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.42637526988983154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42407357","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q521","display_name":"Physiology","level":1,"score":0.33374515175819397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.2697603106498718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29730261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274160","display_name":"Toxicity","level":2,"score":0.11633419990539551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.08409646153450012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.08030372858047485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000073865","descriptor_name":"Cigarette Smoking","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000073865","descriptor_name":"Cigarette Smoking","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000073865","descriptor_name":"Cigarette Smoking","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000074285","descriptor_name":"Smokers","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002248","descriptor_name":"Carbon Monoxide","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002273","descriptor_name":"Carcinogens","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015415","descriptor_name":"Biomarkers","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016540","descriptor_name":"Smoking Cessation","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D061485","descriptor_name":"Tobacco Use Cessation Devices","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D066300","descriptor_name":"Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/ntr/ntz233","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntz233","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntz233","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62426309","display_name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","issn_l":"1462-2203","issn":["1462-2203","1469-994X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7443587","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7443587","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nicotine Tob Res","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:31828315","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31828315","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7443587","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7443587","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nicotine Tob Res","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9940000176429749,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/randomized-controlled-trial","display_name":"Randomized Controlled Trial"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial","display_name":"Clinical Trial"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2406484282","display_name":"Models For Tobacco Product Evaluation","funder_award_id":"U19CA157345","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3260651813","display_name":"University of Minnesota Clinical and TranslationalmScience Institute (UMN CTSI)","funder_award_id":"UL1TR002494","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4069601048","display_name":"South Carolina Clinical & Translational Research Institute (SCTR)","funder_award_id":"UL1TR000062","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6139070472","display_name":"Training in PharmacoNeuroImmune Substance Abuse Research","funder_award_id":"T32DA007097","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337347","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337347","display_name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","ror":"https://ror.org/00fq5cm18"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337472","display_name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04pw6fb54"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1980911127","https://openalex.org/W2010811792","https://openalex.org/W2073876818","https://openalex.org/W2087646918","https://openalex.org/W2093505519","https://openalex.org/W2118061336","https://openalex.org/W2135504811","https://openalex.org/W2145816995","https://openalex.org/W2146784275","https://openalex.org/W2168421628","https://openalex.org/W2190146831","https://openalex.org/W2472536349","https://openalex.org/W2535553172","https://openalex.org/W2586197770","https://openalex.org/W2627064921","https://openalex.org/W2801903938","https://openalex.org/W2884928432","https://openalex.org/W2904941043","https://openalex.org/W2913337886","https://openalex.org/W4244204671","https://openalex.org/W4298221279","https://openalex.org/W4388319941"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2472936346","https://openalex.org/W2782793962","https://openalex.org/W2890425161","https://openalex.org/W2564379367","https://openalex.org/W1992693149","https://openalex.org/W2938363728","https://openalex.org/W2507174912","https://openalex.org/W4385841124","https://openalex.org/W2514426073","https://openalex.org/W4381956637"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"INTRODUCTION:":[0],"Electronic":[1],"cigarettes":[2,22,109,117,131,261],"(e-cigarettes)":[3],"have":[4],"the":[5,55,143,162,186,249],"potential":[6],"to":[7,11,45,48,51,53,92,175,226,229,241,247,256,272,277,280,291,314],"significantly":[8,263],"reduce":[9],"exposure":[10,174,271],"harmful":[12,242],"constituents":[13],"associated":[14],"with":[15,23,110,118,294,307,318],"cigarette":[16,32,151],"smoking":[17,77,127,152,171,234,267],"when":[18],"smokers":[19,40,65,184,245,278,289],"completely":[20,46,227,257,292],"substitute":[21,258,293],"e-cigarettes.":[24],"This":[25],"study":[26],"examined":[27],"patterns":[28],"of":[29,36,95,102,108,116,128,157,170,266,270,302],"e-cigarette":[30],"and":[31,34,43,86,145,154,164,172,180,224,236,268,274,285],"use,":[33],"extent":[35],"toxicant":[37],"exposure,":[38],"if":[39],"were":[41,79,90,134,150,194,215],"instructed":[42,223,246,255,279,290],"incentivized":[44,135,225],"switch":[47,228],"e-cigarettes":[49,103,111,230,259,282,308,319],"compared":[50,276],"instructions":[52,96],"use":[54,101,248,281],"product":[56,250],"ad":[57,99,251,283],"libitum.":[58,252],"AIMS":[59],"AND":[60],"METHODS:":[61],"US":[62],"adult":[63],"daily":[64],"(n":[66],"=":[67,72],"264;":[68],"49.2%":[69],"female;":[70],"Mage":[71],"47.0),":[73],"uninterested":[74],"in":[75,142,161,185,232,239],"quitting":[76],"immediately,":[78],"recruited":[80],"from":[81],"Minneapolis,":[82],"MN,":[83],"Columbus,":[84],"OH,":[85],"Buffalo,":[87],"NY.":[88],"Participants":[89,133],"randomized":[91],"8":[93],"weeks":[94],"for":[97,136,205,217,260,324],"(1)":[98],"libitum":[100,284],"(AD-E),":[104],"(2)":[105],"complete":[106,114,140,303,316],"substitution":[107,115,317],"(CS-E),":[112],"(3)":[113],"nicotine":[119,295,310],"gum":[120],"or":[121,124,200],"lozenge":[122],"(CS-NRT),":[123],"(4)":[125],"continue":[126],"usual":[129],"brand":[130],"(UB).":[132],"protocol":[137],"compliance,":[138],"including":[139],"switching":[141,304],"CS-E":[144,163,197,218],"CS-NRT":[146,165,199],"groups.":[147],"Outcome":[148],"variables":[149],"rate":[153,301],"tobacco-related":[155],"biomarkers":[156,269],"exposure.":[158],"RESULTS:":[159],"Smokers":[160,222,254],"groups":[166],"showed":[167],"lower":[168,173,233,264],"rates":[169,214,235],"carbon":[176],"monoxide,":[177],"tobacco":[178],"carcinogens,":[179],"other":[181],"toxicants":[182],"than":[183,244],"AD-E":[187,202],"group.":[188],"In":[189],"general,":[190],"no":[191],"significant":[192],"differences":[193],"observed":[195,216],"between":[196,201],"versus":[198,203,219,309],"UB":[204],"most":[206],"biomarkers.":[207],"Significantly":[208],"higher":[209,300],"7-day":[210],"point":[211],"prevalence":[212],"smoke-free":[213],"CS-NRT.":[220],"CONCLUSIONS:":[221],"resulted":[231],"greater":[237],"reductions":[238],"exposures":[240],"chemicals":[243],"IMPLICATIONS:":[253],"displayed":[262],"levels":[265,287],"carcinogens":[273],"toxicants,":[275],"similar":[286],"as":[288],"replacement":[296,311],"therapies.":[297,312],"Furthermore,":[298],"a":[299],"was":[305],"achieved":[306],"Approaches":[313],"maximize":[315],"are":[320],"an":[321],"important":[322],"area":[323],"future":[325],"research.":[326]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2019-12-26T00:00:00"}