{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2993907375","doi":null,"title":"Multimodal detection of PD-L1: reasonable biomarkers for immune checkpoint inhibitor.","display_name":"Multimodal detection of PD-L1: reasonable biomarkers for immune checkpoint inhibitor.","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2993907375","mag":"2993907375","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30323963","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6176186"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5134086","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC6176186","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC6176186","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100629185","display_name":"Qiao Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-6413","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-6413"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151075929","display_name":"Army Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/05w21nn13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151075929"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117763","display_name":"Xinqiao Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02d217z27","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiao Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cancer Institute of The People's Liberation Army, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University Chongqing 400037, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cancer Institute of The People's Liberation Army, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University Chongqing 400037, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151075929","https://openalex.org/I4210117763"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101623269","display_name":"Zihan Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5499-4803","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5499-4803","https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5391-3877"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151075929","display_name":"Army Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/05w21nn13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151075929"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117763","display_name":"Xinqiao Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02d217z27","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zihan Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cancer Institute of The People's Liberation Army, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University Chongqing 400037, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cancer Institute of The People's Liberation Army, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University Chongqing 400037, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151075929","https://openalex.org/I4210117763"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101129242","display_name":"Linpeng Zheng","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151075929","display_name":"Army Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/05w21nn13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151075929"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117763","display_name":"Xinqiao Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02d217z27","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linpeng Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cancer Institute of The People's Liberation Army, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University Chongqing 400037, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cancer Institute of The People's Liberation Army, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University Chongqing 400037, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151075929","https://openalex.org/I4210117763"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100748602","display_name":"Luping Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8960-9677","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8960-9677"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151075929","display_name":"Army Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/05w21nn13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151075929"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117763","display_name":"Xinqiao Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02d217z27","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luping Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cancer Institute of The People's Liberation Army, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University Chongqing 400037, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cancer Institute of The People's Liberation Army, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University Chongqing 400037, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151075929","https://openalex.org/I4210117763"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060417181","display_name":"Qiai You","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151075929","display_name":"Army Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/05w21nn13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151075929"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117763","display_name":"Xinqiao Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02d217z27","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiai You","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cancer Institute of The People's Liberation Army, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University Chongqing 400037, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cancer Institute of The People's Liberation Army, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University Chongqing 400037, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151075929","https://openalex.org/I4210117763"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100668274","display_name":"Jianguo Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4855-3689","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4855-3689"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151075929","display_name":"Army Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/05w21nn13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151075929"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117763","display_name":"Xinqiao Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02d217z27","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117763"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianguo Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cancer Institute of The People's Liberation Army, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University Chongqing 400037, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cancer Institute of The People's Liberation Army, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University Chongqing 400037, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151075929","https://openalex.org/I4210117763"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3563,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83278873,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"9","first_page":"1689","last_page":"1696"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10158","display_name":"Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10158","display_name":"Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11297","display_name":"Ferroptosis and cancer prognosis","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1306","display_name":"Cancer Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10580","display_name":"Immunotherapy and Immune Responses","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pd-l1","display_name":"PD-L1","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immune-checkpoint-inhibitors","display_name":"immune checkpoint inhibitors","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/predictive-biomarkers","display_name":"predictive biomarkers","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-microenvironment","display_name":"tumor microenvironment","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-response-prediction","display_name":"treatment response prediction","score":0.6430000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antimicrobial-resistance-surveillance","display_name":"antimicrobial resistance surveillance","score":0.7979999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combination-therapy","display_name":"combination therapy","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nomogram","display_name":"nomogram","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"artificial intelligence","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solid-tumors","display_name":"solid tumors","score":0.6639999747276306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781197716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864574","display_name":"Biomarker","level":2,"score":0.6925485730171204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6600183248519897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777658100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180614","display_name":"Melanoma","level":2,"score":0.5474775433540344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502942594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3421914","display_name":"Cancer research","level":1,"score":0.5339468717575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776107976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1786433","display_name":"Tumor microenvironment","level":3,"score":0.5052092671394348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777701055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1427096","display_name":"Immunotherapy","level":3,"score":0.492948055267334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780851360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21686041","display_name":"Immune checkpoint","level":4,"score":0.4799652099609375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143998085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162555","display_name":"Oncology","level":1,"score":0.4566679298877716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.445973664522171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781230642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q492646","display_name":"Targeted therapy","level":3,"score":0.43822211027145386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.42316144704818726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.35801172256469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.2501167058944702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.11510750651359558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5134086","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC6176186","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:30323963","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30323963","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American journal of cancer research","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6176186","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6176186/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Am J Cancer Res","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"mag:2993907375","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30323963","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5134086","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC6176186","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.98580002784729,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1889335134","https://openalex.org/W1959742401","https://openalex.org/W1978204900","https://openalex.org/W1994993231","https://openalex.org/W2052727153","https://openalex.org/W2057893793","https://openalex.org/W2088270805","https://openalex.org/W2104347254","https://openalex.org/W2135707184","https://openalex.org/W2140497649","https://openalex.org/W2145758395","https://openalex.org/W2153505392","https://openalex.org/W2175458271","https://openalex.org/W2181211402","https://openalex.org/W2201781972","https://openalex.org/W2264017649","https://openalex.org/W2292383635","https://openalex.org/W2368974815","https://openalex.org/W2401455386","https://openalex.org/W2407603036","https://openalex.org/W2414977199","https://openalex.org/W2435243879","https://openalex.org/W2507710416","https://openalex.org/W2512217706","https://openalex.org/W2522277066","https://openalex.org/W2559382297","https://openalex.org/W2559826815","https://openalex.org/W2567564314","https://openalex.org/W2572174216","https://openalex.org/W2578528809","https://openalex.org/W2582671354","https://openalex.org/W2587972368","https://openalex.org/W2593878027","https://openalex.org/W2604610427","https://openalex.org/W2606367731","https://openalex.org/W2615188404","https://openalex.org/W2622499649","https://openalex.org/W2744783811","https://openalex.org/W2763584377","https://openalex.org/W2765696340","https://openalex.org/W2766903152","https://openalex.org/W2772391116","https://openalex.org/W2783897381","https://openalex.org/W2789588846","https://openalex.org/W2791043965","https://openalex.org/W2793364080","https://openalex.org/W2799811063","https://openalex.org/W2809724091"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4200265124","https://openalex.org/W4377232846","https://openalex.org/W7214363989","https://openalex.org/W3107684419","https://openalex.org/W4313401740","https://openalex.org/W3121635006","https://openalex.org/W2559382297","https://openalex.org/W4289550364","https://openalex.org/W4304757296","https://openalex.org/W2923913737"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Immune":[0],"checkpoint":[1],"inhibitor":[2],"(ICI)":[3],"therapy":[4,26,52,68,100],"had":[5,87,195],"achieved":[6],"significant":[7],"clinical":[8,131],"benefit":[9],"in":[10,53,80],"multiple":[11],"malignant":[12,35],"solid":[13,36,119],"tumors,":[14,37],"such":[15,150],"as":[16,151],"non-small":[17],"cell":[18],"lung":[19],"cancer,":[20],"melanoma":[21],"and":[22,101,107,156,165,189,226,243],"urothelial":[23],"cancer.":[24],"ICI":[25,51,67,99,175,200],"not":[27,141,205],"only":[28],"revolutionarily":[29],"altered":[30],"the":[31,45,104,168,218],"treatment":[32,56,116,248],"strategy":[33,194],"of":[34,50,77,98,114,148,180,220,234],"but":[38],"also":[39,129],"dramatically":[40],"prolonged":[41],"overall":[42],"survival.":[43],"However,":[44],"objective":[46],"response":[47],"rate":[48],"(ORR)":[49],"second":[54],"line":[55],"remains":[57],"20%":[58],"or":[59,83],"less.":[60],"How":[61],"to":[62,90,110,208,247],"find":[63,167,210],"patients":[64,122,169],"eligible":[65],"for":[66,95,117,174],"by":[69,103],"effective":[70],"biomarkers":[71,214,235],"became":[72],"hot":[73],"nowadays.":[74],"High":[75],"expression":[76,127,139,182],"PD-L1":[78,125,137,152,154,181],"protein":[79,126,138],"tumor":[81,84,163,241],"cells":[82],"microenvironment":[85],"(TME)":[86],"been":[88],"identified":[89],"be":[91,111,142,206],"a":[92,143,161,245],"logical":[93],"biomarker":[94,203],"predicting":[96],"efficacy":[97,187],"approved":[102],"U.S.":[105],"Food":[106],"Drug":[108],"Administration":[109],"an":[112],"indicator":[113],"initiating":[115],"some":[118],"tumors.":[120],"Controversially,":[121],"with":[123],"low":[124],"might":[128,140,159,204,237],"show":[130],"benefit.":[132],"In":[133,223],"this":[134],"sense,":[135],"tissue":[136],"precise":[144],"biomarker.":[145],"Multimodal":[146],"detection":[147],"PD-L1,":[149,158],"protein,":[153],"mRNA,":[155],"circulating":[157],"provide":[160],"comprehensive":[162],"profile":[164,242],"could":[166,183,215,230],"who":[170],"are":[171],"more":[172],"suitable":[173],"therapy.":[176],"Besides,":[177],"dynamic":[178],"monitoring":[179],"shed":[184,238],"light":[185,239],"on":[186,240],"assessment":[188],"drug":[190],"resistance.":[191],"ICI-based":[192],"combination":[193],"demonstrated":[196],"better":[197,216],"outcome":[198],"than":[199],"alone.":[201],"Single":[202],"efficient":[207],"precisely":[209],"advantage":[211],"patients.":[212],"Combined":[213],"instruct":[217],"consideration":[219],"therapeutic":[221],"regimen.":[222],"addition,":[224],"nomogram":[225],"artificial":[227],"intelligence":[228],"platform":[229],"integrate":[231],"multiparameter":[232],"information":[233],"which":[236],"give":[244],"hint":[246],"decision.":[249]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2019-12-13T00:00:00"}
