{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2993434840","doi":null,"title":"What Does It Take to Achieve Equitable Urban Tree Canopy Distribution? A Boston Case Study.","display_name":"What Does It Take to Achieve Equitable Urban Tree Canopy Distribution? A Boston Case Study.","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-02-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2993434840","mag":"2993434840"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:www.openagrar.de:timport_mods_00038039","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/cate/vol7/iss1/2","pdf_url":"https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1123&context=cate","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055137","display_name":"OpenAgrar","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1123&context=cate","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045722036","display_name":"Rachel S. Danford","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rachel Danford","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052029358","display_name":"Chingwen Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9724-2190","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9724-2190"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chingwen Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9724-2190","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034079537","display_name":"Michael W. Strohbach","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4696-0774","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4696-0774"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael W. Strohbach","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4696-0774","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075901089","display_name":"Robert L. Ryan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5947-7274","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5947-7274"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert L. Ryan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5947-7274","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071970634","display_name":"Craig R. Nicolson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Craig Nicolson","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007963647","display_name":"Paige S. Warren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0787-4635","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0787-4635"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paige S. Warren","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0787-4635","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.6127,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":60,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97196119,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"1","first_page":"2","last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12259","display_name":"Environmental Justice and Health Disparities","score":0.8452000021934509,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12259","display_name":"Environmental Justice and Health Disparities","score":0.8452000021934509,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13801","display_name":"Urban Arborization and Environmental Studies","score":0.09200000017881393,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10692","display_name":"Urban Green Space and Health","score":0.0617000013589859,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-tree-canopy","display_name":"urban tree canopy","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-justice","display_name":"environmental justice","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socioeconomic-inequality","display_name":"socioeconomic disparities","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reforestation","display_name":"reforestation","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-planning","display_name":"urban planning","score":0.6480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecosystem-services","display_name":"ecosystem services","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-income-communities","display_name":"low-income communities","score":0.6349999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minority-neighborhoods","display_name":"minority neighborhoods","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boston","display_name":"Boston","score":0.4129999876022339}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154575652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815818","display_name":"Reforestation","level":2,"score":0.6168508529663086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58941895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295865","display_name":"Ecosystem services","level":3,"score":0.56365567445755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776426263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1197552","display_name":"Urban forest","level":2,"score":0.55730140209198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.5227927565574646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101000010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5033434","display_name":"Canopy","level":2,"score":0.5139124393463135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199728807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2578557","display_name":"Equity (law)","level":2,"score":0.4928281605243683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780977904","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q822620","display_name":"Urban forestry","level":2,"score":0.48635226488113403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20664614","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2067951","display_name":"Urban ecosystem","level":3,"score":0.48271438479423523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.48184072971343994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778560467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1479527","display_name":"Environmental justice","level":2,"score":0.4778037667274475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8328733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3536096","display_name":"Tree planting","level":2,"score":0.471456378698349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39807119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134228","display_name":"Tree canopy","level":3,"score":0.4427539110183716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147077947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1515895","display_name":"Socioeconomic status","level":3,"score":0.4235348701477051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39853841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161078","display_name":"Urbanization","level":2,"score":0.420606791973114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.40237492322921753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91375879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15473274","display_name":"Environmental planning","level":1,"score":0.38427722454071045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107826830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380","display_name":"Environmental resource management","level":1,"score":0.329977422952652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.26215800642967224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97137747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38112","display_name":"Forestry","level":1,"score":0.25850820541381836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.24595558643341064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.2188124656677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110872660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37813","display_name":"Ecosystem","level":2,"score":0.16913443803787231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.15254104137420654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.14742699265480042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:www.openagrar.de:timport_mods_00038039","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/cate/vol7/iss1/2","pdf_url":"https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1123&context=cate","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055137","display_name":"OpenAgrar","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"mag:2993434840","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/cate/vol7/iss1/2/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764611025","display_name":"Cities and the Environment","issn_l":"1932-7048","issn":["1932-7048"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316503","host_organization_name":"Loyola Marymount University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316503"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Loyola Marymount University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Cities and the Environment","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:www.openagrar.de:timport_mods_00038039","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/cate/vol7/iss1/2","pdf_url":"https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1123&context=cate","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055137","display_name":"OpenAgrar","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"},{"score":0.9629999995231628,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"},{"score":0.7605999708175659,"display_name":"Life on land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G335956899","display_name":"ULTRA-Ex: Exploring Past, Current, and Future Socioecological Dynamics in a Founding City","funder_award_id":"0948984","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7725837649","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MAS009584","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308070","funder_display_name":"New York State Department of Environmental Conservation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306114","display_name":"U.S. Department of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/01na82s61"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308070","display_name":"New York State Department of Environmental Conservation","ror":"https://ror.org/03p7fww37"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320317564","display_name":"Loyola Marymount University","ror":"https://ror.org/00xhj8c72"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332299","display_name":"National Institute of Food and Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/05qx3fv49"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2993434840.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2993434840.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W34509289","https://openalex.org/W66864310","https://openalex.org/W157702418","https://openalex.org/W294804188","https://openalex.org/W602316010","https://openalex.org/W1261637209","https://openalex.org/W1490840755","https://openalex.org/W1539655723","https://openalex.org/W1744548356","https://openalex.org/W1895335819","https://openalex.org/W1972990801","https://openalex.org/W2003335291","https://openalex.org/W2004496680","https://openalex.org/W2007894884","https://openalex.org/W2025351400","https://openalex.org/W2039470047","https://openalex.org/W2043449666","https://openalex.org/W2056919691","https://openalex.org/W2060739919","https://openalex.org/W2071276982","https://openalex.org/W2072386447","https://openalex.org/W2077749486","https://openalex.org/W2095822147","https://openalex.org/W2102411835","https://openalex.org/W2105865885","https://openalex.org/W2108554848","https://openalex.org/W2111841011","https://openalex.org/W2114277168","https://openalex.org/W2120346251","https://openalex.org/W2127476821","https://openalex.org/W2144754868","https://openalex.org/W2145357497","https://openalex.org/W2155295039","https://openalex.org/W2157776621","https://openalex.org/W2159103044","https://openalex.org/W2160816846","https://openalex.org/W2165049059","https://openalex.org/W2167219191","https://openalex.org/W2171405196","https://openalex.org/W2190452897","https://openalex.org/W2240190366","https://openalex.org/W2290231432","https://openalex.org/W2306035815","https://openalex.org/W2955563833","https://openalex.org/W2971649058"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4387643108","https://openalex.org/W7119638291","https://openalex.org/W7026953421","https://openalex.org/W7006528647","https://openalex.org/W2903002153","https://openalex.org/W2159659225","https://openalex.org/W3005600142","https://openalex.org/W4387775244","https://openalex.org/W7169789224","https://openalex.org/W7204558583"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Considerable":[0],"attention":[1],"has":[2,15],"been":[3],"paid":[4],"to":[5,72,93,117,160,164,201],"the":[6,19,24,70,127,140,144,155,212,224],"benefits":[7],"that":[8,178,206],"urban":[9,25,52,74,78,95,121,146,197],"trees":[10,22,159,198],"provide":[11],"and":[12,43,59,80,129,152,167,173,215],"recent":[13],"research":[14],"focused":[16],"on":[17,186],"how":[18],"distribution":[20,195],"of":[21,100,143,157,196,227],"in":[23,51,120,149,231],"landscape":[26],"is":[27,199],"affected":[28],"by":[29,37],"socioeconomic":[30,141],"processes":[31],"like":[32],"social":[33],"stratification,":[34],"as":[35,88,98],"indicated":[36],"associations":[38],"with":[39,55],"income,":[40],"race,":[41],"ethnicity,":[42],"education.":[44],"These":[45],"studies":[46,67],"have":[47,68],"found":[48],"marked":[49],"disparity":[50],"canopy":[53,75,96,122,147,188],"cover,":[54],"primarily":[56],"low":[57],"income":[58],"minority":[60],"neighborhoods":[61],"commonly":[62],"being":[63],"underserved.":[64],"However,":[65],"few":[66],"investigated":[69],"potential":[71],"overcome":[73],"inequities":[76],"through":[77],"planning":[79],"reforestation.":[81],"This":[82,136],"question":[83],"becomes":[84],"even":[85,179],"more":[86],"important":[87],"many":[89],"U.S.":[90,110],"cities":[91,111],"pledge":[92],"increase":[94,118,161],"cover":[97,123,148,189],"part":[99],"larger":[101],"climate":[102],"change":[103],"mitigation":[104],"strategies.":[105],"Can":[106],"today\u0092s":[107],"heavily":[108],"developed":[109],"use":[112],"these":[113],"tree":[114,181,228],"planting":[115,182,229],"initiatives":[116,183],"equity":[119],"while":[124,170],"still":[125],"providing":[126],"infrastructure":[128,174],"housing":[130,172],"necessary":[131],"for":[132,190],"expected":[133,213],"population":[134],"growth?":[135],"case":[137],"study":[138],"characterizes":[139],"drivers":[142],"current":[145],"Boston,":[150],"Massachusetts,":[151],"further":[153],"explores":[154],"possibility":[156],"distributing":[158],"equitable":[162,194],"access":[163],"environmental":[165,191,232],"justice":[166,192,233],"ecosystem":[168],"services,":[169],"meeting":[171],"needs.":[175],"Results":[176],"suggest":[177],"when":[180],"focus":[184],"specifically":[185],"increasing":[187],"communities,":[193],"difficult":[200],"achieve.":[202],"Our":[203],"findings":[204],"indicate":[205],"difficulties":[207],"arise":[208],"not":[209],"only":[210],"from":[211,220],"policy":[214],"funding":[216],"aspects,":[217],"but":[218],"also":[219],"ecological":[221],"ones,":[222],"including":[223],"physical":[225],"availability":[226],"sites":[230],"communities.":[234]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2019-12-13T00:00:00"}