{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2993129786","doi":"https://doi.org/10.32890/ijbf2009.6.2.4","title":"Risk-Adjusted Returns of American Depositary Receipts on Chinese and Indian Stocks","display_name":"Risk-Adjusted Returns of American Depositary Receipts on Chinese and Indian Stocks","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2993129786","doi":"https://doi.org/10.32890/ijbf2009.6.2.4","mag":"2993129786"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.32890/ijbf2009.6.2.4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.32890/ijbf2009.6.2.4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.32890/ijbf2009.6.2.4","pdf_url":"https://e-journal.uum.edu.my/index.php/ijbf/article/download/8390/1353","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210227866","display_name":"International Journal of Banking and Finance","issn_l":"1675-722X","issn":["1675-722X","2590-423X","2811-3799"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I94625822","host_organization_name":"Universiti Utara Malaysia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94625822"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Banking and Finance","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://e-journal.uum.edu.my/index.php/ijbf/article/download/8390/1353","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086069415","display_name":"Onur Arugaslan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9508-0741","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9508-0741"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141649380","display_name":"Western Michigan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04j198w64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Onur Arugaslan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Western Michigan University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Western Michigan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067711845","display_name":"Ajay Samant","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0287-150X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0287-150X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141649380","display_name":"Western Michigan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04j198w64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ajay Samant","raw_affiliation_strings":["Western Michigan University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Western Michigan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"2","first_page":"77","last_page":"93"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10047","display_name":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","score":0.9872999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10047","display_name":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","score":0.9872999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12123","display_name":"Financial Analysis and Corporate Governance","score":0.005900000222027302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10282","display_name":"Financial Risk and Volatility Modeling","score":0.002099999925121665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/american-depositary-receipts","display_name":"American Depositary Receipts","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-adjusted-returns","display_name":"risk-adjusted returns","score":0.8889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chinese-stock-market","display_name":"Chinese stock market","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indian-stock-market","display_name":"Indian stock market","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sortino-ratio","display_name":"Sortino ratio","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systematic-risk","display_name":"systematic risk","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/total-risk","display_name":"total risk","score":0.8920000195503235}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5715340375900269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779820595","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q798505","display_name":"Listing (finance)","level":2,"score":0.5306172370910645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204036174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909380","display_name":"Stock (firearms)","level":2,"score":0.5240966081619263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780821815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5340806","display_name":"Portfolio","level":2,"score":0.507712721824646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776904427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q243726","display_name":"Cross listing","level":3,"score":0.47550779581069946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106159729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2294553","display_name":"Financial economics","level":1,"score":0.4414750039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162118730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453","display_name":"Actuarial science","level":1,"score":0.4310592710971832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30755413","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1245402","display_name":"Risk\u2013return spectrum","level":3,"score":0.4237530529499054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.39136096835136414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.23171812295913696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.10462939739227295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.1040082573890686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.32890/ijbf2009.6.2.4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.32890/ijbf2009.6.2.4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.32890/ijbf2009.6.2.4","pdf_url":"https://e-journal.uum.edu.my/index.php/ijbf/article/download/8390/1353","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210227866","display_name":"International Journal of Banking and Finance","issn_l":"1675-722X","issn":["1675-722X","2590-423X","2811-3799"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I94625822","host_organization_name":"Universiti Utara Malaysia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94625822"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Banking and Finance","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.32890/ijbf2009.6.2.8390","doi":"https://doi.org/10.32890/ijbf2009.6.2.8390","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.32890/ijbf2009.6.2.8390","pdf_url":"http://e-journal.uum.edu.my/index.php/ijbf/article/download/8390/1353","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210227866","display_name":"International Journal of Banking and Finance","issn_l":"1675-722X","issn":["1675-722X","2590-423X","2811-3799"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I94625822","host_organization_name":"Universiti Utara Malaysia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94625822"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Banking and Finance","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repo.uum.edu.my:25072","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://repo.uum.edu.my/id/eprint/25072/1/IJBF%206%202%202009%2077%2093.pdf","pdf_url":"https://repo.uum.edu.my/id/eprint/25072/1/IJBF%206%202%202009%2077%2093.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400886","display_name":"Universiti Utara Malaysia Institutional Repository (Universiti Utara Malaysia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I65079550","host_organization_name":"Universiti Malaysia Perlis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65079550"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9310fbcadd234e768c86d90c974085bc","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9310fbcadd234e768c86d90c974085bc","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"The International Journal of Banking and Finance, Vol 6, Iss 2 (2009)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b312132f5ec0473c8868f6da397e267b","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b312132f5ec0473c8868f6da397e267b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Banking and Finance (2009)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.32890/ijbf2009.6.2.4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.32890/ijbf2009.6.2.4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.32890/ijbf2009.6.2.4","pdf_url":"https://e-journal.uum.edu.my/index.php/ijbf/article/download/8390/1353","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210227866","display_name":"International Journal of Banking and Finance","issn_l":"1675-722X","issn":["1675-722X","2590-423X","2811-3799"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I94625822","host_organization_name":"Universiti Utara Malaysia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94625822"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Banking and Finance","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2993129786.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2993129786.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W87874863","https://openalex.org/W149661105","https://openalex.org/W1553891743","https://openalex.org/W1579198418","https://openalex.org/W1833490786","https://openalex.org/W1968562901","https://openalex.org/W1998506499","https://openalex.org/W2010714258","https://openalex.org/W2016116986","https://openalex.org/W2063346702","https://openalex.org/W2081979521","https://openalex.org/W2092164622","https://openalex.org/W2100646073","https://openalex.org/W2148654185","https://openalex.org/W3122187992","https://openalex.org/W3125290186","https://openalex.org/W4241584625","https://openalex.org/W4243840727","https://openalex.org/W4245911098","https://openalex.org/W4249231241","https://openalex.org/W6606039382","https://openalex.org/W6677722472"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4232672323","https://openalex.org/W7232656","https://openalex.org/W2106601762","https://openalex.org/W7098817190","https://openalex.org/W2035916716","https://openalex.org/W2258382097","https://openalex.org/W2596190751","https://openalex.org/W3171941054","https://openalex.org/W2264980315","https://openalex.org/W3162126207"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1,26,50,109],"evaluates":[2,51],"the":[3,25,28,49,52,69,82,88,98,108],"risk-adjusted":[4,91],"performance":[5,53],"of":[6,13,15,24,30,48,54,71,90,107],"American":[7],"Depositary":[8],"Receipts":[9],"(ADRs)":[10],"on":[11,36,87],"shares":[12],"stock":[14,125],"Chinese":[16,31,122],"and":[17,32,43,74,81,100,123],"Indian":[18,33,124],"fi":[19],"rms.":[20],"The":[21,45,105],"first":[22],"part":[23,47],"examines":[27],"nature":[29],"ADRs":[34,56],"(based":[35],"depositary":[37,128],"bank,":[38],"sponsorship":[39],"status,":[40],"industry":[41],"classification":[42],"listing).":[44],"second":[46],"these":[55],"using":[57],"statistical":[58],"measures":[59],"grounded":[60],"in":[61,78,121],"modern":[62],"portfolio":[63],"theory.":[64],"Returns":[65],"are":[66,84,103,118],"adjusted":[67],"for":[68],"degree":[70],"total":[72],"risk":[73,76],"systematic":[75],"inherent":[77],"each":[79],"ADR,":[80],"securities":[83],"then":[85],"ranked":[86],"basis":[89],"performance.":[92],"Two":[93],"relatively":[94],"new":[95],"evaluation":[96],"metrics,":[97],"Modigliani":[99],"Sortino":[101],"measures,":[102],"used.":[104],"objective":[106],"is":[110],"to":[111,114],"provide":[112],"documentation":[113],"global":[115],"investors":[116],"who":[117],"contemplating":[119],"participation":[120],"markets":[126],"via":[127],"receipts.":[129]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2019-12-13T00:00:00"}
