{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2993006302","doi":null,"title":"Hospital costs and specialization: benefits of limiting the number of product lines.","display_name":"Hospital costs and specialization: benefits of limiting the number of product lines.","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2993006302","mag":"2993006302","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20499718"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:20499718","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20499718","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of health care finance","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044587937","display_name":"Steven R. Eastaugh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193531525","display_name":"George Washington University","ror":"https://ror.org/00y4zzh67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Steven R Eastaugh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Health Services and Management, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA. hsmsre@gwumc.edu"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health Services and Management, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA. hsmsre@gwumc.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5044587937"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6863,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86499914,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"2","first_page":"24","last_page":"34"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10391","display_name":"Healthcare Policy and Management","score":0.986299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10391","display_name":"Healthcare Policy and Management","score":0.986299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12871","display_name":"Healthcare Quality and Management","score":0.007499999832361937,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13896","display_name":"Health Services Management and Policy","score":0.003599999938160181,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospital-specialization","display_name":"hospital specialization","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospitalization-costs","display_name":"hospital costs","score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospital-competition","display_name":"hospital competition","score":0.5429999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rate-regulation","display_name":"rate regulation","score":0.7590000033378601}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188198153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613840","display_name":"Limiting","level":2,"score":0.7179175615310669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6527513265609741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.6502050757408142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122637931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118084","display_name":"Unit (ring theory)","level":2,"score":0.6198000907897949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5654016137123108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.498272180557251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.4263383746147156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87864170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16897780","display_name":"Unit cost","level":2,"score":0.4103039503097534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.24799758195877075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.19699540734291077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10410887002944946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08356726169586182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.08128541707992554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003363","descriptor_name":"Cost Control","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004465","descriptor_name":"Economic Competition","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006748","descriptor_name":"Hospital Departments","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006760","descriptor_name":"Hospitalization","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006782","descriptor_name":"Hospitals, Special","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006782","descriptor_name":"Hospitals, Special","qualifier_ui":"Q000458","qualifier_name":"organization & administration","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006782","descriptor_name":"Hospitals, Special","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008389","descriptor_name":"Marketing of Health Services","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012051","descriptor_name":"Reimbursement Mechanisms","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013038","descriptor_name":"Specialization","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017721","descriptor_name":"Hospital Costs","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019538","descriptor_name":"Health Care Surveys","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:20499718","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20499718","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of health care finance","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:3144644284","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://europepmc.org/article/MED/20499718","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2756039609","display_name":"Journal of health care finance","issn_l":"1078-6767","issn":["1078-6767"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of health care finance","raw_type":null},{"id":"mag:2993006302","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20499718","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W149140376","https://openalex.org/W23497661","https://openalex.org/W90267712","https://openalex.org/W1810542881","https://openalex.org/W2044854082","https://openalex.org/W171643461","https://openalex.org/W13309027","https://openalex.org/W2960100631","https://openalex.org/W2416879892","https://openalex.org/W1534679292"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Trends":[0],"in":[1,19,28,43,62,69,91,113,135],"hospital":[2],"specialization":[3,20],"are":[4,49],"studied":[5],"using":[6],"multiple":[7],"regression":[8],"analysis":[9],"for":[10],"the":[11,44,70,86,102,136],"period":[12],"1999-2008.":[13],"The":[14,33,95],"observed":[15],"31.3":[16],"percent":[17,26,42],"rise":[18],"was":[21],"associated":[22],"with":[23],"a":[24],"9.5":[25],"decline":[27],"unit":[29],"cost":[30,129],"per":[31,130],"admission.":[32],"number":[34],"of":[35,88,104],"specialized":[36,52,138],"hospitals":[37,48,106,118],"has":[38,59],"grown":[39],"by":[40,53,84],"149":[41],"past":[45],"decade.":[46],"Other":[47],"getting":[50],"more":[51],"reducing":[54],"their":[55],"product":[56,111],"lines.":[57],"Specialization":[58],"been":[60],"highest":[61],"competitive":[63],"West":[64],"Coast":[65],"markets":[66],"and":[67,75],"lowest":[68],"rate-regulated":[71],"states":[72],"(New":[73],"York":[74],"Massachusetts).":[76],"Hospitals":[77],"have":[78],"less":[79,137],"incentive":[80],"to":[81,100,107,115],"contain":[82],"costs":[83],"decreasing":[85],"array":[87],"services":[89],"offered":[90],"stringent":[92],"rate-setting":[93],"states.":[94],"term":[96],"\"underspecialization\"":[97],"is":[98,133],"advanced":[99],"capture":[101],"inability":[103],"some":[105],"selectively":[108],"prune":[109],"out":[110],"lines":[112],"order":[114],"specialize.":[116],"Such":[117],"spread":[119],"resources":[120],"so":[121],"thin":[122],"that":[123],"many":[124],"good":[125],"departments":[126],"suffer.":[127],"Unit":[128],"case":[131],"(DRG-adjusted)":[132],"higher":[134],"hospitals.":[139]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2019-12-13T00:00:00"}