{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2992918052","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21859/mej-113945","title":"The Role of Moral Beliefs and Altruism in Explaining Attitudes toward Organ Donation with the Mediation of Act to Religious Beliefs","display_name":"The Role of Moral Beliefs and Altruism in Explaining Attitudes toward Organ Donation with the Mediation of Act to Religious Beliefs","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-06-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2992918052","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21859/mej-113945","mag":"2992918052"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21859/mej-113945","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21859/mej-113945","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21859/mej-113945","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764938691","display_name":"Fa\u1e63ln\u0101mah-i akhl\u0101q-i pizishk\u012b./Fa\u1e63ln\u0101mah-i akhl\u0101q-i pizishk\u012b.","issn_l":"2008-4374","issn":["2008-4374","2423-7604"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319135","host_organization_name":"Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319135"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical Ethics Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.21859/mej-113945","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085244916","display_name":"Lotfali Khani","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106588","display_name":"Islamic Azad University Dehaghan","ror":"https://ror.org/01bzz5b22","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110525433","https://openalex.org/I4210106588"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lotfali Khani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ph.D student, Department of sociology, Islamic Azad University of Dehaghan, Dehaghan, Iran. (Corresponding Author)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ph.D student, Department of sociology, Islamic Azad University of Dehaghan, Dehaghan, Iran. (Corresponding Author)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106588"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082438775","display_name":"Seyed Ali Hashemianfar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39268498","display_name":"University of Isfahan","ror":"https://ror.org/05h9t7759","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39268498"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seid Ali Hashemianfar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Assistant Professor, Department of sociology, Isfhan University, Isfahan, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Assistant Professor, Department of sociology, Isfhan University, Isfahan, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39268498"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047978781","display_name":"Mozaffar Ghaffari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6901-7132","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6901-7132"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55547365","display_name":"Payame Noor University","ror":"https://ror.org/031699d98","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55547365"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mozaffar Ghaffari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instructor, Department of Psychology, Payame Noor University (PNU), Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instructor, Department of Psychology, Payame Noor University (PNU), Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55547365"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079213704","display_name":"Reza Smaili","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reza Smaili","raw_affiliation_strings":["Assistant Professor, Department of sociology, Islamic Azad University of Khorasgan, Khorasgan, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Assistant Professor, Department of sociology, Islamic Azad University of Khorasgan, Khorasgan, Iran","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2561,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60536827,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"39","first_page":"45","last_page":"53"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11163","display_name":"Organ Donation and Transplantation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11163","display_name":"Organ Donation and Transplantation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12735","display_name":"Blood donation and transfusion practices","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2720","display_name":"Hematology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13147","display_name":"Ethics and bioethics in healthcare","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attitudes-toward-organ-donation","display_name":"attitudes toward organ donation","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moral-beliefs","display_name":"moral beliefs","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/altruism","display_name":"altruism","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/religious-beliefs","display_name":"religious beliefs","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mediation","display_name":"mediation","score":0.671999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-students","display_name":"medical students","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-death","display_name":"brain death","score":0.4169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/altruistic-motivation","display_name":"altruistic motivation","score":0.6119999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/islamic-bioethics","display_name":"Islamic bioethics","score":0.621999979019165}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994510829","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q849032","display_name":"Organ donation","level":3,"score":0.8306909799575806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780279448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2559380","display_name":"Altruism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.7504147291183472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179420905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223871","display_name":"Mediation","level":2,"score":0.722703218460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.6750041246414185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.604804515838623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775933685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1124860","display_name":"Donation","level":2,"score":0.5894359946250916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2911091166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106419912","display_name":"Transplantation","level":2,"score":0.21933308243751526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.20765075087547302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.14691194891929626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.13824951648712158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.12024977803230286}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21859/mej-113945","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21859/mej-113945","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21859/mej-113945","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764938691","display_name":"Fa\u1e63ln\u0101mah-i akhl\u0101q-i pizishk\u012b./Fa\u1e63ln\u0101mah-i akhl\u0101q-i pizishk\u012b.","issn_l":"2008-4374","issn":["2008-4374","2423-7604"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319135","host_organization_name":"Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319135"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical Ethics Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21859/mej-113945","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21859/mej-113945","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21859/mej-113945","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764938691","display_name":"Fa\u1e63ln\u0101mah-i akhl\u0101q-i pizishk\u012b./Fa\u1e63ln\u0101mah-i akhl\u0101q-i pizishk\u012b.","issn_l":"2008-4374","issn":["2008-4374","2423-7604"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319135","host_organization_name":"Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319135"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medical Ethics Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8048999905586243,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2070503906","https://openalex.org/W2086596859","https://openalex.org/W2150672702"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7140039866","https://openalex.org/W4405790878","https://openalex.org/W4212862014","https://openalex.org/W2154625","https://openalex.org/W2905528324","https://openalex.org/W7165188871","https://openalex.org/W4283022055","https://openalex.org/W2736885235","https://openalex.org/W7028015462","https://openalex.org/W4406780568"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background":[0],"and":[1,5,19,98,104,127,165,187,189,211,232,257,265,275,316,335,354,362,367,396,401,433,451,456,458,461,498,573,634,643,650,676,695,716,741,751,778,831,859],"Aim:":[2],"Donation":[4],"transplantation":[6],"of":[7,14,37,47,62,91,102,112,130,149,181,198,208,222,252,255,263,302,307,311,319,321,358,370,399,407,445,467,472,503,520,540,558,568,582,596,598,601,604,632,648,655,657,683,687,701,712,763,775,799,811,828,833,856,871],"the":[8,20,31,45,60,96,100,105,110,128,147,172,179,196,206,220,261,281,337,356,359,365,378,382,394,397,405,414,419,437,443,465,510,521,528,556,565,599,602,612,625,629,638,645,661,671,674,699,710,760,764,773,802,809,812,819,826,869],"human":[9,88,163],"organ":[10,34,79,144,199,217,314,440,561,578,592,607,641,664,688,705,724,730,784,866],"are":[11,82,168,759],"a":[12,155,159,431,514,749,792,822],"subject":[13],"discussion":[15],"in":[16,86,99,162,171,178,195,213,260,267,381,418,525,527,624,685,791,801,805,821,861],"scientific-social":[17],"circles":[18],"need":[21,686],"for":[22,416],"it":[23,752,768,814],"grows":[24],"day":[25],"by":[26,53,297,735],"day.":[27],"Many":[28],"variables":[29,526,758],"affect":[30],"attitude":[32,312,438,557,590,605,662,722,782],"toward":[33,216,439,560,591,663,723,783,865],"donation,":[35,145,315,642,689,725],"one":[36],"which":[38,114,239],"is":[39,50,65,70,74,93,107,115,146,154,240,530,769,815],"moral":[40,52,188,209,303,453,541,569,635,651,675,713,737,857],"beliefs.":[41,151,226,875],"In":[42,329,563],"fact,":[43],"what":[44,59],"majority":[46,61],"people":[48,63,131],"admire,":[49],"considered":[51,66],"ones":[54],"adhere":[55],"to":[56,78,132,143,174,204,224,313,326,331,352,363,376,447,464,470,478,484,490,496,506,584,606,640,692,697,709,718,771,807,817,863,873],"moralities,":[57],"while":[58,346],"condemn,":[64],"as":[67,679,748],"immorality.":[68],"Altruism":[69,186],"another":[71],"variable":[72,136,444,603],"that":[73,137,157,509,670,756],"associated":[75,140],"with":[76,141,183,219,442,580,653,868],"attitudes":[77,142,215,639,728,864],"donation.":[80,200,562,593,665,785],"There":[81,429],"two":[83],"distinct":[84],"forces":[85],"every":[87],"being.":[89],"One":[90],"them":[92],"focused":[94,108],"on":[95,109,242,248,404,555,577,589,637,660,721,781],"self":[97],"pursuit":[101],"self-interest,":[103],"other":[106,776],"interest":[111],"others":[113],"called":[116],"altruism.":[117],"A":[118,594],"significant":[119,160,432,531,554,588],"relationship":[120],"has":[121,158,513],"been":[122],"observed":[123],"between":[124,436],"altruistic":[125,633,649],"motivation":[126],"tendency":[129],"donate":[133,175],"organs.":[134],"Another":[135],"can":[138,667,732],"be":[139,668,733,754],"practice":[148,320,656],"religious":[150,166,190,225,322,448,549,585,658,719,874],"The":[152,537,854],"religion":[153],"truth":[156],"presence":[161],"life,":[164],"beliefs":[167,191,210,323,449,454,542,550,570,586,636,652,659,720,738,858],"determining":[169],"factors":[170],"decision":[173],"organs,":[176],"especially":[177],"families":[180],"patients":[182,294,684,703],"brain":[184],"death.":[185],"have":[192],"fundamental":[193],"roles":[194],"culture":[197],"This":[201,235],"study":[202,238,364,745,772,820],"aimed":[203],"determine":[205],"role":[207,855],"altruism":[212,305,459,545,574,860],"explaining":[214,393,862],"donation":[218,441,579,608,706,731,867],"mediation":[221,379,581,654,870],"act":[223,446,583,717,872],"Materials":[231],"Methods:":[233],"descriptive":[236],"cross-sectional":[237],"based":[241],"Structural":[243],"Equation":[244],"Model,":[245],"was":[246,344,350,374,411,430,475,553,587,746,796],"conducted":[247],"323":[249],"medical":[250,253],"students":[251,415,559,672],"sciences":[254],"Azad":[256],"Public":[258],"Universities":[259],"cities":[262],"Miandoab":[264],"Mahabad":[266],"2015,":[268],"who":[269],"were":[270,286,295,324,609,789],"selected":[271,296],"using":[272,825],"Cochran":[273],"formula":[274],"multi-stage":[276],"cluster":[277],"method.":[278],"First,":[279],"from":[280,290,413],"educational":[282],"groups,":[283],"7":[284],"groups":[285],"randomly":[287],"selected;":[288],"then,":[289],"each":[291],"cluster,":[292],"46":[293],"simple":[298],"randomization.":[299],"Researcher-made":[300],"questionnaire":[301,306],"beliefs,":[304,714],"Carlo,":[308],"Tihana":[309],"scale":[310,318],"Nilson":[317],"used":[325,351,375],"collect":[327],"information.":[328],"order":[330,806],"describe":[332],"demographic":[333],"data":[334],"calculate":[336],"Pearson":[338],"correlation":[339,435],"test,":[340],"SPSS":[341],"ver.22":[342],"software":[343],"used,":[345],"AMOS":[347],"ver.":[348],"22":[349],"draw":[353],"evaluate":[355],"fitting":[357],"proposed":[360,383],"model,":[361],"direct":[366,518,538,630],"indirect":[368,566,646],"effect":[369,539,567,647,711,774],"variables.":[371],"Bootstrap":[372],"method":[373],"test":[377],"routes":[380,523],"model.":[384,614],"Ethical":[389],"Considerations:":[390],"After":[392],"objectives":[395],"importance":[398],"research,":[400],"putting":[402],"emphasis":[403],"confidentiality":[406],"information,":[408],"verbal":[409],"consent":[410],"obtained":[412],"participation":[417],"research.":[420],"Findings:":[427],"positive":[434,727],"(r=0.442":[450],"p=0.001),":[452],"(r=0.416":[455],"p=0.003),":[457],"(r=0.298":[460],"p=0.005).":[462],"According":[463,708],"index":[466],"fitness,":[468],"chi-square":[469],"degrees":[471],"freedom":[473],"ratio":[474],"calculated":[476],"equal":[477,483,489,495,505],"2.22,":[479],"Comparative":[480],"Fit":[481,487,493],"Index":[482,488,494],"0.99,":[485],"Incremental":[486],"0.97,":[491],"Normalized":[492],"0.96,":[497],"Root":[499],"Mean":[500],"Squared":[501],"Error":[502],"Approximation":[504],"0.08,":[507],"indicating":[508],"final":[511,626],"model":[512,529,627],"good":[515],"fit.":[516],"Also,":[517],"route":[519],"all":[522],"existing":[524],"at":[532],"p":[533],"<":[534],"0.05":[535],"level.":[536],"(\u03b3=0.16,":[543],"p=0.02),":[544],"(\u03b3=0.32,":[546],"p=0.009,":[547],"and)":[548],"(\u03b3=0.55,":[551],"p=0.000)":[552,572,576],"addition,":[564],"(\u03b3=0.43,":[571],"(\u03b3=0.13,":[575],"total":[595],"57%":[597],"variance":[600],"defined":[610],"through":[611,704,739],"research":[613],"Conclusion:":[621],"Findings":[623],"confirm":[628],"impact":[631],"also":[644],"It":[666],"concluded":[669],"show":[673],"popular":[677],"behaviors":[678],"preferring":[680],"he":[681],"interests":[682],"listening":[690],"sympathetically":[691],"their":[693,834],"concerns,":[694],"trying":[696],"mitigate":[698],"suffering":[700],"these":[702],"reception.":[707],"altruism,":[715],"students'":[726],"towards":[729],"increased":[734],"promoting":[736],"individual":[740],"group":[742],"educations.":[743],"Correlation":[744],"seen":[747],"limitation,":[750],"cannot":[753],"said":[755],"predictor":[757],"main":[761],"cause":[762],"criterion":[765],"variable.":[766],"Therefore,":[767],"suggested":[770],"psychological":[777],"social":[779],"characteristics":[780],"Moreover,":[786],"since":[787],"questionnaires":[788],"completed":[790],"self-reported":[793],"method,":[794],"there":[795],"no":[797],"possibility":[798],"bias":[800],"response.":[803],"Hence,":[804],"increase":[808],"generalizability":[810],"findings,":[813],"recommended":[816],"conduct":[818],"more":[823],"broadly":[824],"methods":[827],"interview,":[829],"observation":[830],"application":[832],"results.":[835],"Please":[840],"cite":[841],"this":[842],"article":[843],"as:":[844],"Khani":[846],"L,":[847],"Hashemianfar":[848],"SA,":[849],"Ghaffari":[850],"M,":[851],"Smaili":[852],"R.":[853],"Med":[877],"Ethics":[878],"J":[881],"2017;":[883],"11(39):":[884],"45-53.":[885]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2019-12-13T00:00:00"}