{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2992776390","doi":null,"title":"Is a Writing Sample Necessary for \"Accurate Placement\"?","display_name":"Is a Writing Sample Necessary for \"Accurate Placement\"?","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2992776390","mag":"2992776390"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2992776390","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ncde.appstate.edu/sites/ncde.appstate.edu/files/JDE%2033-2%20Sullivan%20%26%20Nielsen.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764631473","display_name":"Journal of developmental education","issn_l":"0894-3907","issn":["0894-3907"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of developmental education","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101690170","display_name":"Patrick J. Sullivan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6910-9827","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6910-9827"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrick Sullivan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6910-9827","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"David R. Nielsen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9310-2000","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9310-2000"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David R. Nielsen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9310-2000","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6111,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91143695,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"2","first_page":"2","last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10267","display_name":"Higher Education Research Studies","score":0.2709999978542328,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10267","display_name":"Higher Education Research Studies","score":0.2709999978542328,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10021","display_name":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","score":0.21739999949932098,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10959","display_name":"Student Assessment and Feedback","score":0.10379999876022339,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/writing-samples","display_name":"writing samples","score":0.5879999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/placement-assessment","display_name":"placement assessment","score":0.6330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/community-colleges","display_name":"community colleges","score":0.6660000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/holistic-scoring","display_name":"holistic scoring","score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/writing-across-the-curriculum","display_name":"writing across the curriculum","score":0.6259999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/writing-in-the-disciplines","display_name":"writing in the disciplines","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/institutional-research","display_name":"institutional research","score":0.5460000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-success","display_name":"student success","score":0.3779999911785126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/writing-assessment","display_name":"writing assessment","score":0.34599998593330383}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778061430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188823","display_name":"Scholarship","level":2,"score":0.7186778783798218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.5443581342697144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47177190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207137","display_name":"Curriculum","level":2,"score":0.5313661098480225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779755727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15304496","display_name":"Patience","level":2,"score":0.5069177746772766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.4990701675415039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4314805567264557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.41781097650527954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.3838111460208893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3811475932598114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3489118218421936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.15724527835845947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2992776390","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ncde.appstate.edu/sites/ncde.appstate.edu/files/JDE%2033-2%20Sullivan%20%26%20Nielsen.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764631473","display_name":"Journal of developmental education","issn_l":"0894-3907","issn":["0894-3907"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of developmental education","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8278999924659729,"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W23127119","https://openalex.org/W48040868","https://openalex.org/W85196658","https://openalex.org/W100833510","https://openalex.org/W104765354","https://openalex.org/W128394122","https://openalex.org/W165891335","https://openalex.org/W201905844","https://openalex.org/W231904343","https://openalex.org/W235539511","https://openalex.org/W248714957","https://openalex.org/W257202444","https://openalex.org/W278754636","https://openalex.org/W281708754","https://openalex.org/W303494644","https://openalex.org/W307154676","https://openalex.org/W400435099","https://openalex.org/W562804573","https://openalex.org/W565941532","https://openalex.org/W574433001","https://openalex.org/W605983222","https://openalex.org/W609549528","https://openalex.org/W611002108","https://openalex.org/W2067750374","https://openalex.org/W2091925324","https://openalex.org/W2105645827","https://openalex.org/W2116329999","https://openalex.org/W2152831629","https://openalex.org/W2251891975","https://openalex.org/W2731719148","https://openalex.org/W2797395108","https://openalex.org/W2993085632","https://openalex.org/W3193690389"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W248714957","https://openalex.org/W1970816108","https://openalex.org/W206432330","https://openalex.org/W4392101053","https://openalex.org/W2269079066","https://openalex.org/W2081116784","https://openalex.org/W591075188","https://openalex.org/W2518833510","https://openalex.org/W53961269","https://openalex.org/W107741628"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"2004,":[1],"the":[2,13,23,58,63,72,77,103,151,202,225,286,298,338,374,411,424,430,527,531,553],"Two-Year":[3],"College":[4,428],"English":[5,48,127],"Association":[6],"(TYCA)":[7],"established":[8],"a":[9,108,121,129,189,197,207,247,256,314,324,418,444,486,495,509,539,549],"formal":[10],"research":[11,195,302,335,371,462],"committee,":[12],"TYCA":[14],"Research":[15],"Initiative":[16],"Committee,":[17],"which":[18],"recently":[19],"designed":[20],"and":[21,67,74,88,138,141,155,210,218,241,294,323,480,501,514,521,555,577],"completed":[22],"first":[24],"national":[25],"survey":[26,40,81,104],"of":[27,38,54,60,126,132,169,193,227,232,250,259,276,289,300,326,340,376,413,429,499,542,573,579],"teaching":[28,65],"conditions":[29],"at":[30],"2-year":[31,46,136,199],"colleges":[32,86,137],"(Sullivan,":[33,115],"2008).":[34],"The":[35,144,160,204,274,544,566],"primary":[36],"goal":[37],"this":[39,183,220,260,290,301,493],"was":[41,105],"to":[42,99,150,175,181,213,271,329,395],"gather":[43],"data":[44,191],"from":[45,84,89,196,401,559],"college":[47,200,507,532],"teachers":[49,125],"about":[50,185,235,266],"four":[51],"major":[52],"areas":[53],"professional":[55,164],"concern:":[56],"assessment,":[57],"use":[59,339,375,412],"technology":[61],"in":[62,76,102,167,201,317,423,497,519,536,548,552],"classroom,":[64],"conditions,":[66],"institutionally":[68],"designated":[69],"Writing":[70,75],"Across":[71],"Curriculum":[73],"Disciplines":[78],"programs.":[79],"This":[80,119],"gathered":[82],"responses":[83],"338":[85],"nationwide":[87],"all":[90],"50":[91],"states.The":[92],"single":[93],"most":[94],"important":[95,163,330],"unresolved":[96],"question":[97,122,145,184,205,496],"related":[98],"assessment":[100,154,171,236,267,279,415],"identified":[101],"this:":[106],"Is":[107],"writing":[109,186,343,358,379,403,419],"sample":[110,420],"necessary":[111,362],"for":[112,157,237,345,363],"accurate":[228,364],"placement?":[114],"2008,":[116],"pp.":[117],"13-15).":[118],"is":[120,206,230,239,313,334,352,369,386,393,421,494,546,570],"that":[123,224,251,263,336,355,357,372,389,482],"concerns":[124],"across":[128],"wide":[130],"range":[131],"educational":[133],"sites,":[134],"including":[135],"4-year":[139],"public":[140],"private":[142],"institutions.":[143],"has":[146,162,222,281,309,459],"also":[147,370],"been":[148,282,461],"central":[149],"scholarship":[152,234],"on":[153],"placement":[156,229,238,346,365],"many":[158],"years.":[159],"issue":[161,316],"implications,":[165],"especially":[166],"terms":[168],"how":[170],"should":[172],"be":[173,214],"conducted":[174],"promote":[176],"student":[177,512,568],"success.We":[178],"have":[179],"attempted":[180],"engage":[182],"samples":[187,344,359,380,404],"using":[188],"robust":[190],"archive":[192],"institutional":[194],"large,":[198],"northeast.":[203],"complex":[208,321],"one,":[209],"it":[211,392,556],"needs":[212],"addressed":[215],"with":[216],"care":[217],"patience;":[219],"study":[221],"shown":[223],"concept":[226],"complex.Review":[231],"ResearchThe":[233],"extensive":[240],"notoriously":[242],"ambiguous.":[243],"Space":[244],"limitations":[245],"preclude":[246],"detailed":[248],"examination":[249],"history":[252],"here,":[253],"but":[254],"even":[255,387,460],"cursory":[257],"overview":[258],"work":[261,354,388,440,481],"shows":[262],"definitive":[264],"answers":[265,328],"practices":[268,280],"are":[269,360,575],"hard":[270],"come":[272],"by.":[273],"process":[275],"designing":[277],"effective":[278],"complicated":[283],"greatly":[284],"by":[285],"conflicting":[287],"nature":[288],"research.":[291],"McLeod,":[292],"Horn,":[293],"Haswell":[295],"(2005)":[296],"characterize":[297],"state":[299],"quite":[303],"well:":[304],"Assessment,":[305],"as":[306,437,439,561,563],"Ed":[307],"White":[308],"long":[310],"reminded":[311],"us,":[312],"polarizing":[315],"American":[318],"education,":[319],"involving":[320],"arguments":[322],"lack":[325],"clear-cut":[327],"questions":[390],"(p.":[332],"556).There":[333],"supports":[337],"holistically":[341],"scored":[342],"(Matzen":[347,488],"&":[348,382,473,477,489,505],"Hoyt,":[349,490],"2004).":[350,491],"There":[351,368,385,458],"other":[353],"argues":[356,483],"not":[361],"(Saunders,":[366],"2000).":[367],"criticizes":[373],"one-shot,":[377],"high-stakes":[378],"(Albertson":[381],"Marwitz,":[383],"2001).":[384],"whether":[391],"possible":[394],"produce":[396],"reliable":[397],"or":[398,465],"valid":[399],"results":[400],"holistic":[402],"(Belanoff,":[405],"1991;":[406],"Elbow,":[407,470],"1996;":[408],"Huot,":[409],"1990).Additionally,":[410],"standardized":[414],"tools":[416],"without":[417],"reported":[422],"literature":[425],"(Armstrong,":[426],"2000;":[427,447],"Canyons,":[431],"1994;":[432],"Hodges,":[433],"1990;":[434],"Smittle,":[435],"1995)":[436],"well":[438,562],"arguing":[441],"against":[442,484],"such":[443,485],"practice":[445,487],"(Behrman,":[446],"Drechsel,":[448],"1999;":[449,455],"Gabe,":[450],"1989;":[451],"Hillocks,":[452],"2002;":[453,469],"Sacks,":[454],"Whitcomb,":[456],"2002).":[457],"supporting":[463],"directed":[464],"informed":[466],"self-placement":[467],"(Blakesley,":[468],"2003;":[471],"Royer":[472,476],"Gilles,":[474,478],"1998;":[475],"2003)":[479],"Clearly,":[492],"need":[498],"clarity":[500],"resolution.MethodologyParticipants,":[502],"Institutional":[503],"Site,":[504],"BackgroundThe":[506],"serves":[508],"demographically":[510],"diverse":[511],"population":[513],"enrolls":[515],"over":[516],"15,000":[517],"students":[518,535,558,574,580],"credit":[520],"credit-free":[522],"classes":[523],"each":[524],"year.":[525],"For":[526],"Fall":[528],"2009":[529],"semester,":[530],"enrolled":[533],"7,366":[534],"credit-bearing":[537],"classes,":[538],"full-time":[540],"equivalent":[541],"4,605.":[543],"institution":[545],"located":[547],"small":[550],"city":[551],"northeast,":[554],"draws":[557],"suburban":[560],"urban":[564],"districts.":[565],"average":[567],"age":[569],"25,":[571],"54%":[572],"female,":[576],"48.5%":[578],"attend":[581],"full":[582],"time":[583],"(system":[584],"average:":[585],"35%).":[586],"\u2026":[587]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2019-12-13T00:00:00"}