{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2992337643","doi":null,"title":"Factors influencing the role of primary care providers as gatekeepers in the Malaysian public healthcare system.","display_name":"Factors influencing the role of primary care providers as gatekeepers in the Malaysian public healthcare system.","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2992337643","mag":"2992337643","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26425299","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4568720"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4568720","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4568720","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Malays Fam Physician","raw_type":"Text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4568720","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007191635","display_name":"Ang Kt","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K T Ang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ang Kim Teng, MPH, Institute for Health Management, Jalan Rumah Sakit, Off Jalan Bangsar, 59200 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Email: ktangdr@hotmail.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ang Kim Teng, MPH, Institute for Health Management, Jalan Rumah Sakit, Off Jalan Bangsar, 59200 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Email: ktangdr@hotmail.com","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108258601","display_name":"Ho Bk","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B K Ho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ho Bee Kiau, MMed (FamMed), Selangor Health Department, Malaysia bkho@hotmail.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ho Bee Kiau, MMed (FamMed), Selangor Health Department, Malaysia bkho@hotmail.com","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009158482","display_name":"Omar Mimi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"O Mimi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mimi Omar, MMed (FamMed), Selangor Health Department, Malaysia Email: drmimiomar@gmail.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mimi Omar, MMed (FamMed), Selangor Health Department, Malaysia Email: drmimiomar@gmail.com","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063107266","display_name":"N Salmah","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N Salmah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Salmah Nordin MMed (FamMed) Selangor Health Department, Malaysia Email: drsalmahnordin@gmail.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Salmah Nordin MMed (FamMed) Selangor Health Department, Malaysia Email: drsalmahnordin@gmail.com","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"M S Salmiah","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M S Salmiah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Salmiah Mohd Sharif MMed (FamMed) Selangor Health Department, Malaysia Email: drmayasharif@yahoo.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Salmiah Mohd Sharif MMed (FamMed) Selangor Health Department, Malaysia Email: drmayasharif@yahoo.com","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054922663","display_name":"Noridah Ms","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I105292261","display_name":"Ministry of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/05ddxe180","country_code":"MY","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I105292261"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M S Noridah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Noridah bt. Mohd Saleh MPH Family Health Division, Ministry of Health, Malaysia Email: noridah@moh.gov.my"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Noridah bt. Mohd Saleh MPH Family Health Division, Ministry of Health, Malaysia Email: noridah@moh.gov.my","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I105292261"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3233,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72797919,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"3","first_page":"2","last_page":"11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12918","display_name":"Healthcare Systems and Technology","score":0.7354000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12918","display_name":"Healthcare Systems and Technology","score":0.7354000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11590","display_name":"Primary Care and Health Outcomes","score":0.2632000148296356,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2714","display_name":"Family Practice"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13896","display_name":"Health Services Management and Policy","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gatekeeping","display_name":"gatekeeping","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primary-care","display_name":"primary care","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/referral-rates","display_name":"referral rates","score":0.7170000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secondary-care","display_name":"secondary care","score":0.5339999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/family-medicine-specialists","display_name":"family medicine specialists","score":0.6650000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-residents","display_name":"medical residents","score":0.527999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/referral-appropriateness","display_name":"referral appropriateness","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-health-system","display_name":"public health system","score":0.6309999823570251}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8532246351242065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776135927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5242559","display_name":"Referral","level":2,"score":0.7980843186378479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73380752","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q609087","display_name":"Gatekeeping","level":2,"score":0.720550537109375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984752397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3259956","display_name":"Primary care","level":2,"score":0.6364069581031799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.6037244200706482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147859227","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q294217","display_name":"Public sector","level":2,"score":0.5987196564674377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.5395073294639587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.5286106467247009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38180746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1952580","display_name":"Multivariate analysis","level":2,"score":0.5263135433197021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163432668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q623543","display_name":"Primary health care","level":3,"score":0.49619537591934204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142052008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954027","display_name":"Cross-sectional study","level":2,"score":0.4943077564239502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.36592236161231995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.2997325658798218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.139014333486557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4568720","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4568720","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Malays Fam Physician","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:26425299","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26425299","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Malaysian family physician : the official journal of the Academy of Family Physicians of Malaysia","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:2992337643","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26425299","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4568720","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4568720","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Malays Fam Physician","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.98580002784729}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1536171821","https://openalex.org/W1813609006","https://openalex.org/W1853266488","https://openalex.org/W1861561109","https://openalex.org/W1965417958","https://openalex.org/W1966261153","https://openalex.org/W1968770935","https://openalex.org/W1986336970","https://openalex.org/W2010232550","https://openalex.org/W2018969952","https://openalex.org/W2037446400","https://openalex.org/W2042685939","https://openalex.org/W2058480370","https://openalex.org/W2086372335","https://openalex.org/W2101758287","https://openalex.org/W2108269432","https://openalex.org/W2127273836","https://openalex.org/W2154394359","https://openalex.org/W2162562692"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3142553431","https://openalex.org/W4389582899","https://openalex.org/W7098226480","https://openalex.org/W4290985993","https://openalex.org/W878753493","https://openalex.org/W4386614970","https://openalex.org/W764215371","https://openalex.org/W1550046112","https://openalex.org/W2889827813","https://openalex.org/W2136897377"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Primary":[0],"care":[1,14,68,177],"providers":[2,178],"play":[3],"an":[4,184],"important":[5],"gatekeeping":[6],"role":[7,186],"in":[8,34,62,179,189],"ensuring":[9],"appropriate":[10,103,171],"referrals":[11,28,172],"to":[12,20,32,145],"secondary":[13],"facilities.":[15],"This":[16],"cross-sectional":[17],"study":[18,54],"aimed":[19],"determine":[21],"the":[22,35,40,73,107,160,180,190],"level,":[23],"pattern":[24],"and":[25,38,60,84,119,125,166],"rate":[26,76,165],"of":[27,42,98,106,138,159,170],"from":[29],"health":[30],"clinics":[31,80],"hospitals":[33],"public":[36,66,181,192],"sector,":[37],"whether":[39],"placement":[41],"resident":[43,82,89],"family":[44],"medicine":[45],"specialist":[46],"(FMS)":[47],"had":[48],"made":[49],"a":[50],"significant":[51],"difference.":[52],"The":[53,162],"was":[55,77,93],"carried":[56],"out":[57],"between":[58],"March":[59],"April":[61],"2012,":[63],"involving":[64],"28":[65],"primary":[67,176],"clinics.":[69],"It":[70],"showed":[71,110],"that":[72,111,121,175],"average":[74],"referral":[75,164],"1.56%":[78],"for":[79,86],"with":[81,115,130],"FMS":[83],"1.94%":[85],"those":[87],"without":[88],"FMS,":[90],"but":[91],"it":[92],"not":[94,123],"statistically":[95],"significant.":[96],"Majority":[97],"referred":[99],"cases":[100],"were":[101,122,127],"considered":[102],"(96.1%).":[104],"Results":[105],"multivariate":[108],"analysis":[109],"no":[112],"prior":[113],"consultation":[114],"senior":[116],"healthcare":[117,193],"provider":[118],"illnesses":[120],"severe":[124],"complex":[126],"independently":[128],"associated":[129],"inappropriate":[131],"referrals.":[132,147,161],"Severity,":[133],"complexity":[134],"or":[135,141,150],"uncertain":[136],"diagnosis":[137],"patients'":[139],"illness":[140],"injury":[142],"significantly":[143],"contributed":[144],"unavoidable":[146],"Adequate":[148],"facilities":[149],"having":[151],"more":[152],"experienced":[153],"doctors":[154],"could":[155,173],"have":[156],"avoided":[157],"14.5%":[158],"low":[163],"very":[167],"high":[168],"level":[169],"indicate":[174],"sector":[182],"played":[183],"effective":[185],"as":[187],"gatekeepers":[188],"Malaysian":[191],"system.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2019-12-13T00:00:00"}
