{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2992276983","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9120859","title":"Changes in Leaf Structural and Functional Characteristics when Changing Planting Density at Different Growth Stages Alters Cotton Lint Yield under a New Planting Model","display_name":"Changes in Leaf Structural and Functional Characteristics when Changing Planting Density at Different Growth Stages Alters Cotton Lint Yield under a New Planting Model","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-12-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2992276983","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9120859","mag":"2992276983"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/agronomy9120859","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9120859","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9120859","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/9/12/859/pdf?version=1576466836","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738977497","display_name":"Agronomy","issn_l":"2073-4395","issn":["2073-4395"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Agronomy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/9/12/859/pdf?version=1576466836","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062601838","display_name":"Aziz Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4948-888X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4948-888X","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5273-467X","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1112-831X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150807315","display_name":"Guangxi University","ror":"https://ror.org/02c9qn167","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150807315"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I246743127","display_name":"The University of Agriculture, Peshawar","ror":"https://ror.org/02sp3q482","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I246743127"]}],"countries":["CN","PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aziz Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Peshawar 25000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan","Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4948-888X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Peshawar 25000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I246743127"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150807315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075537674","display_name":"Jie Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2973-1451","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2973-1451"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150807315","display_name":"Guangxi University","ror":"https://ror.org/02c9qn167","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150807315"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2973-1451","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150807315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019540539","display_name":"Daniel K. Y. Tan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0449-4557","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0449-4557"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"The University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Kean Yuen Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Plant Breeding Institute, Sydney Institute of Agriculture, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0449-4557","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Plant Breeding Institute, Sydney Institute of Agriculture, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012640795","display_name":"Ahmad Ali Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9145-7414","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9145-7414"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150807315","display_name":"Guangxi University","ror":"https://ror.org/02c9qn167","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150807315"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I246743127","display_name":"The University of Agriculture, Peshawar","ror":"https://ror.org/02sp3q482","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I246743127"]}],"countries":["CN","PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmad Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Peshawar 25000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan","Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9145-7414","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Peshawar 25000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I246743127"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150807315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000163233","display_name":"Kashif Akhtar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2205-8935","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2205-8935","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6708-4128"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kashif Akhtar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2205-8935","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101924293","display_name":"Xiangjun Kong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4500-9901","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4500-9901"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150807315","display_name":"Guangxi University","ror":"https://ror.org/02c9qn167","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150807315"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangjun Kong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150807315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066175251","display_name":"Fazal Munsif","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9877-4159","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9877-4159"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150807315","display_name":"Guangxi University","ror":"https://ror.org/02c9qn167","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150807315"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I246743127","display_name":"The University of Agriculture, Peshawar","ror":"https://ror.org/02sp3q482","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I246743127"]}],"countries":["CN","PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fazal Munsif","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Peshawar 25000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan","Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Peshawar 25000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I246743127"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150807315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048282585","display_name":"Anas Iqbal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4088-3886","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4088-3886"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150807315","display_name":"Guangxi University","ror":"https://ror.org/02c9qn167","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150807315"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anas Iqbal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150807315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057464788","display_name":"Muhammad Zahir Afridi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I246743127","display_name":"The University of Agriculture, Peshawar","ror":"https://ror.org/02sp3q482","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I246743127"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Zahir Afridi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Peshawar 25000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Peshawar 25000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I246743127"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068628104","display_name":"Abid Ullah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2389-3916","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2389-3916"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68649149","display_name":"University of Malakand","ror":"https://ror.org/012xdha97","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68649149"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abid Ullah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Botany, University of Malakand, Chakdara Dir Lower, Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 18800, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Botany, University of Malakand, Chakdara Dir Lower, Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 18800, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68649149"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045483378","display_name":"Shah Fahad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7525-0296","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7525-0296","https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8981-1517"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142599","display_name":"University of Swabi","ror":"https://ror.org/04ez8az68","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142599"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shah Fahad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agriculture, University of Swabi, Swabi 23561, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7525-0296","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agriculture, University of Swabi, Swabi 23561, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142599"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100624978","display_name":"Ruiyang Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5445-265X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5445-265X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150807315","display_name":"Guangxi University","ror":"https://ror.org/02c9qn167","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150807315"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ruiyang Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150807315"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100624978"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150807315"],"apc_list":{"value":1000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1013},"apc_paid":{"value":1000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1013},"fwci":1.8182,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83539599,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"12","first_page":"859","last_page":"859"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12243","display_name":"Research in Cotton Cultivation","score":0.6880000233650208,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12243","display_name":"Research in Cotton Cultivation","score":0.6880000233650208,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12310","display_name":"Crop Yield and Soil Fertility","score":0.26899999380111694,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12571","display_name":"Soybean genetics and cultivation","score":0.009800000116229057,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cotton","display_name":"cotton","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plant-density","display_name":"plant density","score":0.9190000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lint-yield","display_name":"lint yield","score":0.9190000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leaf-structure","display_name":"leaf structure","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stomatal-density","display_name":"stomatal density","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leaf-gas-exchange","display_name":"leaf gas exchange","score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chlorophyll-fluorescence","display_name":"chlorophyll fluorescence","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photosystem-ii","display_name":"photosystem II","score":0.6650000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cotton-varieties","display_name":"cotton varieties","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boll-number","display_name":"boll number","score":0.6769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/late-sowing","display_name":"late sowing","score":0.6919999718666077}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778145279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1727373","display_name":"Lint","level":2,"score":0.9155410528182983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168741863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q777671","display_name":"Sowing","level":2,"score":0.8772299885749817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781045423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7618701","display_name":"Stomatal conductance","level":3,"score":0.6531655788421631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183688256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11982","display_name":"Photosynthesis","level":2,"score":0.6386433839797974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.5977246165275574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24630173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1075297","display_name":"Chlorophyll fluorescence","level":3,"score":0.5800600647926331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134121241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5141901969909668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.45366695523262024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.3800223767757416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.2484334111213684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.14238697290420532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/agronomy9120859","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9120859","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9120859","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/9/12/859/pdf?version=1576466836","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738977497","display_name":"Agronomy","issn_l":"2073-4395","issn":["2073-4395"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Agronomy","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/agronomy9120859","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9120859","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9120859","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/9/12/859/pdf?version=1576466836","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738977497","display_name":"Agronomy","issn_l":"2073-4395","issn":["2073-4395"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Agronomy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9208999872207642,"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2639213769","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u7ea2\u9ebbHcPDIL5-2a\u57fa\u56e0\u8bf1\u5bfc\u7684\u68c9\u82b1\u96c4\u6027\u4e0d\u80b2\u79cd\u8d28\u521b\u65b0\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"31360348","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2992276983.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2992276983.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W313942924","https://openalex.org/W1513175658","https://openalex.org/W1869646911","https://openalex.org/W1970427057","https://openalex.org/W1975892234","https://openalex.org/W1985242370","https://openalex.org/W1989095717","https://openalex.org/W1995202402","https://openalex.org/W2003425998","https://openalex.org/W2008709132","https://openalex.org/W2014285983","https://openalex.org/W2016778763","https://openalex.org/W2032430824","https://openalex.org/W2035821387","https://openalex.org/W2044386310","https://openalex.org/W2051852455","https://openalex.org/W2089175311","https://openalex.org/W2092796258","https://openalex.org/W2096548410","https://openalex.org/W2111370427","https://openalex.org/W2115663229","https://openalex.org/W2135155069","https://openalex.org/W2146719438","https://openalex.org/W2153299286","https://openalex.org/W2157063751","https://openalex.org/W2168558978","https://openalex.org/W2170860770","https://openalex.org/W2205157337","https://openalex.org/W2292141001","https://openalex.org/W2293622175","https://openalex.org/W2359527386","https://openalex.org/W2362148526","https://openalex.org/W2374603147","https://openalex.org/W2519133381","https://openalex.org/W2528004035","https://openalex.org/W2547269372","https://openalex.org/W2567972909","https://openalex.org/W2585174116","https://openalex.org/W2612139580","https://openalex.org/W2730621596","https://openalex.org/W2746507708","https://openalex.org/W2756159336","https://openalex.org/W2761969370","https://openalex.org/W2767690714","https://openalex.org/W2783369636","https://openalex.org/W2792197428","https://openalex.org/W2811033367","https://openalex.org/W2897171465","https://openalex.org/W2899586174"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2617156274","https://openalex.org/W4384914718","https://openalex.org/W3003198503","https://openalex.org/W1976810685","https://openalex.org/W2168558978","https://openalex.org/W3188969018","https://openalex.org/W2760761162","https://openalex.org/W2612139580","https://openalex.org/W4404033500","https://openalex.org/W2463015677"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Manipulation":[0],"of":[1,6,75,114,185,193,212,277],"planting":[2,86,95,117,262],"density":[3,118,166,202,263],"and":[4,26,65,71,108,129,143,189,217,225,230,237,243,250,267,284,287,293],"choice":[5],"variety":[7],"are":[8],"effective":[9],"management":[10],"components":[11],"in":[12,53,81,160,196,234,306],"any":[13],"cropping":[14],"system":[15],"that":[16,285],"aims":[17],"to":[18,83,88,241],"enhance":[19],"the":[20,85,112,116,272,275],"balance":[21],"between":[22],"environmental":[23],"resource":[24],"availability":[25],"crop":[27],"requirements.":[28],"One-time":[29],"fertilization":[30],"at":[31,164,200],"first":[32],"flower":[33],"with":[34,158,228,248,265],"a":[35,93,298],"medium":[36],"plant":[37],"stand":[38],"under":[39,92,260,291],"late":[40],"sowing":[41],"has":[42],"not":[43],"yet":[44],"been":[45],"attempted.":[46],"To":[47],"fill":[48],"this":[49],"knowledge":[50],"gap,":[51],"changes":[52],"leaf":[54,66,68,139,144,169,205,235],"structural":[55,170,236],"(stomatal":[56],"density,":[57,210],"stomatal":[58,62,175,209],"length,":[59,216],"stomata":[60],"width,":[61,218],"pore":[63,214],"perimeter,":[64,215],"thickness),":[67],"gas":[69,145,206],"exchange,":[70],"chlorophyll":[72,141],"fluorescence":[73],"attributes":[74],"different":[76],"cotton":[77,105,136,282],"varieties":[78],"were":[79],"made":[80],"order":[82],"change":[84],"densities":[87],"improve":[89],"lint":[90,137,155,253,304],"yield":[91,156,184,192,254,305],"new":[94],"model.":[96],"A":[97],"two-year":[98],"field":[99],"evaluation":[100],"was":[101],"carried":[102],"out":[103],"on":[104,135,302],"varieties\u2014V1":[106],"(Zhongmian-16)":[107],"V2":[109],"(J-4B)\u2014to":[110],"examine":[111],"effect":[113],"changing":[115],"(D1,":[119],"low,":[120],"3":[121],"\u00d7":[122,127,133],"104;":[123,128],"D2,":[124],"moderate,":[125],"6":[126],"D3,":[130],"dense,":[131],"9":[132],"104)":[134],"yield,":[138],"structure,":[140],"fluorescence,":[142],"exchange":[146,207],"attribute":[147],"responses.":[148],"Across":[149],"these":[150],"varieties,":[151,289],"J-4B":[152,286],"had":[153,167,203],"higher":[154,252],"compared":[157,227,264],"Zhongmian-16":[159,288],"both":[161,197,257],"years.":[162,198],"Plants":[163],"high":[165,268],"depressed":[168],"traits,":[171,208],"net":[172],"photosynthetic":[173],"rate,":[174],"conductance,":[176],"intercellular":[177],"CO2":[178],"uptake,":[179],"quenching":[180],"(qP),":[181],"actual":[182],"quantum":[183,191],"photosystem":[186],"II":[187],"(\u03a6PSII),":[188],"maximum":[190],"PSII":[194],"(Fv/Fm)":[195],"Crops":[199],"moderate":[201,261,292],"improved":[204,303],"number":[211],"stomata,":[213],"as":[219,221],"well":[220],"increased":[222],"qP,":[223],"\u03a6PSII,":[224],"Fv/Fm":[226],"low-":[229],"high-density":[231],"plants.":[232],"Improvement":[233],"functional":[238],"traits":[239],"contributed":[240],"15.9%\u201310.7%":[242],"12.3%\u201310.5%":[244],"more":[245],"boll":[246],"m\u22122,":[247],"20.6%\u201313.4%":[249],"28.9%\u201324.1%":[251],"averaged":[255],"across":[256],"years,":[258],"respectively,":[259],"low":[266],"density.":[269],"In":[270],"conclusion,":[271],"data":[273],"underscore":[274],"importance":[276],"proper":[278],"agronomic":[279],"methods":[280],"for":[281],"production,":[283],"grown":[290],"lower":[294],"densities,":[295],"could":[296],"be":[297],"promising":[299],"option":[300],"based":[301],"subtropical":[307],"regions.":[308]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2019-12-13T00:00:00"}