{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2992230541","doi":null,"title":"The chain of communication in health science: from researcher to health worker through open access.","display_name":"The chain of communication in health science: from researcher to health worker through open access.","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-07-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2992230541","mag":"2992230541","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19946398","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2765774"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2765774","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2765774","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Open Med","raw_type":"Text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2765774","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085131269","display_name":"Leslie Kin Wai Chan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7779-2059","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7779-2059"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leslie Chan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089023502","display_name":"Subbiah Arunachalam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4398-4658","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4398-4658"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Subbiah Arunachalam","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037915623","display_name":"Barbara Kirsop","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Barbara Kirsop","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4479,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89981039,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"3","first_page":"e111","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13607","display_name":"Academic Publishing and Open Access","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13607","display_name":"Academic Publishing and Open Access","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13516","display_name":"Publishing and Scholarly Communication","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13673","display_name":"Library Science and Information","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-access","display_name":"open access","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-translation","display_name":"knowledge translation","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/research-dissemination","display_name":"research dissemination","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/institutional-repositories","display_name":"institutional repositories","score":0.675000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pubmed-central","display_name":"PubMed Central","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/research-funding-agencies","display_name":"research funding agencies","score":0.6470000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wellcome-trust","display_name":"Wellcome Trust","score":0.6700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nih-public-access-policy","display_name":"NIH Public Access Policy","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/research-councils-uk","display_name":"Research Councils UK","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/canadian-institutes-of-health-research","display_name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-research","display_name":"health research","score":0.3529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/research-practice-gap","display_name":"research-practice gap","score":0.5019999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-sharing-requirements","display_name":"data sharing requirements","score":0.4009999930858612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scholarly-communication","display_name":"scholarly communication","score":0.39500001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-uptake","display_name":"knowledge uptake","score":0.45100000500679016}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909155969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6055890","display_name":"Funding Agency","level":2,"score":0.6378769278526306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777921204","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66104672","display_name":"Knowledge translation","level":2,"score":0.5958476662635803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108170787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3951828","display_name":"Agency (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5796629786491394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.569071888923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5611501932144165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.49636727571487427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128544194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q474859","display_name":"Translational research","level":2,"score":0.42603006958961487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47344431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1519812","display_name":"Health policy","level":3,"score":0.4251737594604492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106977388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2752427","display_name":"Medical research","level":2,"score":0.42393144965171814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.3501802682876587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3301469683647156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.23399049043655396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.21201080083847046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.2002640962600708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.19650977849960327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.12009745836257935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.10354867577552795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2765774","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2765774","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Open Med","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:19946398","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19946398","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Open medicine : a peer-reviewed, independent, open-access journal","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:2992230541","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19946398","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2765774","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2765774","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Open Med","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5676000118255615,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"},{"score":0.428600013256073,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.6000000238418579,"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W602673206","https://openalex.org/W916119546","https://openalex.org/W1480005431","https://openalex.org/W1965450449","https://openalex.org/W1981745473","https://openalex.org/W2002034968","https://openalex.org/W2022202533","https://openalex.org/W2028618408","https://openalex.org/W2045313021","https://openalex.org/W2057196240","https://openalex.org/W2131092090","https://openalex.org/W2143964883","https://openalex.org/W2800979443"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2124995107","https://openalex.org/W2615594373","https://openalex.org/W2805025278","https://openalex.org/W2256849472","https://openalex.org/W4375835702","https://openalex.org/W7205442791","https://openalex.org/W7098364173","https://openalex.org/W7125792809","https://openalex.org/W7096533029","https://openalex.org/W7100106439"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Globally,":[0],"the":[1,22,31,36,58,77,112,120,133,140,162,165,173,178,195,213,219,232,256,269,289,295,302,334,339,348,396,470,495,540,554,571,598,607,611,619,642,673],"public":[2,398,627,643],"and":[3,14,66,73,100,110,199,222,391,424,436,442,449,458,466,517,524,539,589,595,656,664],"private":[4,167],"sectors":[5],"spend":[6],"billions":[7],"of":[8,21,102,114,132,189,224,248,266,268,275,299,351,375,403,418,434,446,453,472,494,497,529,557,575,597,610,636,646,660],"dollars":[9],"each":[10],"year":[11],"on":[12,641,668,675],"biomedical":[13],"health-related":[15],"research.":[16,226,679],"Yet":[17],"in":[18,172,277,469,502,526,560,632],"many":[19],"parts":[20],"world,":[23],"health":[24,32,71,98,103,118,220,448,592,623,644,678],"care":[25],"systems":[26],"are":[27,46,79,126,382,415,467,545],"far":[28,663],"from":[29,144,252,321],"achieving":[30],"outcomes":[33],"targeted":[34],"by":[35,333,515,518],"UN":[37],"Millennium":[38],"Development":[39],"Goals":[40],"The":[41,205],"reasons":[42],"for":[43,107,311,439,491,551,602,621,652,677],"this":[44,503,633,637],"disparity":[45],"complex,":[47],"but":[48,586],"one":[49],"key":[50,130],"factor":[51],"that":[52,94,128,139,203,209,225,239,319,422,508,548],"has":[53,234],"been":[54],"consistently":[55],"identified":[56],"is":[57,85,137,147,180,192,430,437,506,604],"failure":[59],"to":[60,83,193,202,212,272,313,324,366,384,427,511,522,569,606,650,671],"translate":[61],"research":[62,123,142,179,214,404,428,456,512,541,579,624],"into":[63,116,255,331,395,413,625],"effective":[64],"policy":[65,159,359],"practices.":[67],"Not":[68],"surprisingly,":[69],"then,":[70],"agencies":[72,125,419],"funding":[74,124,146,170,177,254,306,323,365,459,552],"bodies":[75,460],"around":[76],"world":[78],"paying":[80],"closer":[81],"attention":[82],"what":[84],"now":[86,462],"generally":[87],"described":[88],"as":[89,149,151,387,389,615],"\u201cknowledge":[90],"translation,\u201d":[91],"developing":[92],"mechanisms":[93],"\u201cstrengthen":[95],"communication":[96],"between":[97,537],"researchers":[99,312,530,538,585],"users":[101,580],"knowledge,":[104],"enhance":[105],"capacity":[106],"knowledge":[108,115,134,441,612],"uptake,":[109],"accelerate":[111],"flow":[113],"beneficial":[117],"applications.\u201d1\r\n\r\nAt":[119],"same":[121],"time,":[122],"recognizing":[127],"a":[129,156,181,228,237,431,481,492,534],"component":[131],"translation":[135],"process":[136],"ensuring":[138],"primary":[141],"resulting":[143,251],"their":[145,368],"shared":[148],"widely":[150],"possible.":[152],"As":[153,227],"Robert":[154],"Terry,":[155],"former":[157],"senior":[158],"adviser":[160],"at":[161],"Wellcome":[163,206,253],"Trust,":[164],"largest":[166,304],"charitable":[168],"medical":[169,305],"agency":[171],"UK,":[174,286],"said,":[175],"\u201cJust":[176],"job":[182],"only":[183,583],"half":[184],"done.":[185],"A":[186,451],"fundamental":[187],"part":[188],"[our]":[190],"mission":[191],"ensure":[194],"widest":[196],"possible":[197],"dissemination":[198],"unrestricted":[200,425],"access":[201,211,261,279,358,426,499,510,601],"research.\u201d2":[204],"Trust":[207,233],"believes":[208],"maximizing":[210],"they":[215],"fund":[216],"will":[217],"increase":[218],"applications":[221],"benefits":[223,645],"result,":[229],"since":[230,562],"2005":[231],"made":[235,308,330,463],"it":[236,309,616],"condition":[238],"all":[240,570],"those":[241,549],"receiving":[242],"grants":[243],"must":[244,410],"deposit":[245,274,385],"electronic":[246],"copies":[247],"journal":[249,317],"articles":[250,276,574],"UK":[257],"PubMed":[258,325],"Central":[259],"open":[260,278,357,498,600,647],"repository":[262],"within":[263,372],"6":[264,373],"months":[265,374],"publication.3\r\n\r\nOne":[267],"first":[270],"groups":[271,500],"require":[273],"institutional":[280],"repositories":[281],"(IRs)":[282],"was":[283,329],"Research":[284,291,353],"Councils":[285],"which":[287,337],"includes":[288],"Medical":[290],"Council.":[292],"More":[293],"recently,":[294],"US":[296,335],"National":[297],"Institutes":[298,350],"Health":[300,352],"(NIH),":[301],"world\u2019s":[303],"body,":[307],"mandatory":[310],"submit":[314],"final":[315],"peer-reviewed":[316],"manuscripts":[318],"result":[320],"NIH":[322],"Central.":[326],"This":[327],"requirement":[328],"law":[332],"Congress,":[336],"passed":[338],"Public":[340],"Access":[341,474],"Policy":[342],"(Consolidated":[343],"Appropriations":[344],"Act,":[345],"2008).4":[346],"Likewise,":[347],"Canadian":[349],"(CIHR)":[354],"enacted":[355],"an":[356],"requiring":[360,547],"authors":[361],"who":[362,420],"received":[363],"CIHR":[364,379],"make":[367],"publications":[369,513,558,654],"openly":[370],"available":[371],"publication.":[376],"In":[377],"addition,":[378],"grant":[380],"recipients":[381],"required":[383],"bioinformatics,":[386],"well":[388],"atomic":[390],"molecular":[392],"coordinate":[393],"data,":[394],"appropriate":[397],"database":[399],"immediately":[400],"upon":[401],"publication":[402],"results":[405],"(e.g.,":[406],"nucleic":[407],"acid":[408],"sequences":[409],"be":[411],"deposited":[412,559],"GenBank).5\r\n\r\nThese":[414],"prominent":[416],"examples":[417,659],"understand":[421],"[t]imely":[423],"findings":[429],"defining":[432],"feature":[433],"science,":[435],"essential":[438],"advancing":[440],"accelerating":[443],"our":[444],"understanding":[445],"human":[447],"disease.6":[450],"total":[452],"112":[454],"major":[455],"organizations":[457,544],"have":[461,567],"similar":[464],"requirements":[465],"listed":[468],"Registry":[471],"Open":[473],"Repository":[475],"Material":[476],"Archiving":[477],"Policies":[478],"database,":[479],"with":[480,666],"further":[482,639],"14":[483],"such":[484],"mandates":[485],"under":[486],"development.7":[487],"(See":[488],"Box":[489],"1":[490],"list":[493],"websites":[496],"mentioned":[501,631],"article.)":[504],"It":[505],"recognized":[507],"restricted":[509],"imposed":[514],"cost":[516],"copyright":[519],"permission":[520],"leads":[521],"inefficiency":[523],"delay":[525],"discovery,":[527],"isolation":[528],"and,":[531],"above":[532],"all,":[533],"broken":[535],"link":[536],"users.":[542],"Funding":[543],"increasingly":[546],"applying":[550],"provide":[553],"website":[555],"addresses":[556],"IRs,":[561],"funders":[563],"do":[564],"not":[565,582],"always":[566],"subscriptions":[568],"journals":[572],"holding":[573],"potential":[576],"applicants.8":[577],"Since":[578],"include":[581],"other":[584],"also":[587],"policy-":[588],"decision-makers,":[590],"front-line":[591],"workers,":[593],"NGOs":[594],"members":[596],"public,":[599],"everyone":[603],"vital":[605],"overall":[608],"success":[609],"exchange":[613],"process,":[614],"vastly":[617],"expands":[618,640],"opportunities":[620],"translating":[622],"improved":[626],"health.":[628],"\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nBox":[629],"1\r\n\r\nGroups":[630],"article\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nThe":[634],"remainder":[635],"article":[638],"access,":[648],"points":[649],"strategies":[651],"making":[653],"accessible":[655],"reusable,":[657],"provides":[658],"successes":[661],"so":[662],"concludes":[665],"recommendations":[667],"how":[669],"best":[670],"maximize":[672],"return":[674],"investment":[676]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2019-12-13T00:00:00"}
