{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2991769859","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x03013624","title":"CP, T AND CPT VIOLATIONS IN THE $K^0-\\overline{K^0}$ SYSTEM: PRESENT STATUS","display_name":"CP, T AND CPT VIOLATIONS IN THE $K^0-\\overline{K^0}$ SYSTEM: PRESENT STATUS","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-04-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2991769859","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x03013624","mag":"2991769859"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0217751x03013624","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x03013624","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x03013624","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68175919","display_name":"International Journal of Modern Physics A","issn_l":"0217-751X","issn":["0217-751X","1793-656X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Modern Physics A","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/hep-ph/0208148","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064863386","display_name":"Y. Takeuchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8113-0533","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8113-0533"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I104946051","display_name":"Nihon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05jk51a88","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I104946051"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405285816","display_name":"Institute of Quantum Science, Nihon University","ror":"https://ror.org/00bwjrs94","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I104946051","https://openalex.org/I4405285816"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"YOSHIHIRO TAKEUCHI","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Quantum Science and Department of Physics, College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8308, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Quantum Science and Department of Physics, College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8308, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I104946051","https://openalex.org/I4405285816"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107836058","display_name":"S.-Y. Tsai","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I104946051","display_name":"Nihon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05jk51a88","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I104946051"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405285816","display_name":"Institute of Quantum Science, Nihon University","ror":"https://ror.org/00bwjrs94","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I104946051","https://openalex.org/I4405285816"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Y. TSAI","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Quantum Science and Department of Physics, College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8308, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Quantum Science and Department of Physics, College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8308, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I104946051","https://openalex.org/I4405285816"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1746,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78521292,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"09","first_page":"1551","last_page":"1571"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10048","display_name":"Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10048","display_name":"Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10224","display_name":"Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions","score":0.00139999995008111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10921","display_name":"Neutrino Physics Research","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cp-violation","display_name":"CP violation","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-reversal-violation","display_name":"time-reversal violation","score":0.9110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cpt-violation","display_name":"CPT violation","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kaon-mixing","display_name":"kaon mixing","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kaon-decays","display_name":"kaon decays","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mixing-parameters","display_name":"mixing parameters","score":0.6769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decay-amplitudes","display_name":"decay amplitudes","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cplear","display_name":"CPLEAR","score":0.7350000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ktev","display_name":"KTeV","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/na48","display_name":"NA48","score":0.9340000152587891}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.8973660469055176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96469262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324364","display_name":"Homogeneous space","level":2,"score":0.8195284605026245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38976095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752641","display_name":"Asymmetry","level":2,"score":0.786535382270813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62583473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q260060","display_name":"CPT symmetry","level":4,"score":0.7682363986968994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138777275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6884054","display_name":"Mixing (physics)","level":2,"score":0.7618827819824219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109214941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18334","display_name":"Particle physics","level":1,"score":0.6862959265708923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779886137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21030012","display_name":"Symmetry (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.6215287446975708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776508292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334025","display_name":"Overline","level":2,"score":0.6192835569381714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41002478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12794416","display_name":"CP violation","level":2,"score":0.5775889158248901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180205008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159190","display_name":"Amplitude","level":2,"score":0.5363869071006775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33332235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18362","display_name":"Theoretical physics","level":1,"score":0.3627083897590637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37914503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156495","display_name":"Mathematical physics","level":1,"score":0.3250056803226471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.21741265058517456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.05800721049308777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.05703553557395935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5667645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217255","display_name":"Lorentz transformation","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71993908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1093427","display_name":"Lorentz covariance","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1142/s0217751x03013624","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x03013624","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x03013624","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68175919","display_name":"International Journal of Modern Physics A","issn_l":"0217-751X","issn":["0217-751X","1793-656X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319815","host_organization_name":"World Scientific","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319815"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Scientific"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Modern Physics A","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:hep-ph/0208148","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/0208148","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/hep-ph/0208148","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cds.cern.ch:576701","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://cds.cern.ch/record/576701","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402195","display_name":"CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.hep-ph/0208148","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.hep-ph/0208148","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.hep-ph/0208148","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:hep-ph/0208148","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/0208148","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/hep-ph/0208148","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2991769859.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2991769859.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1752663363","https://openalex.org/W1807247493","https://openalex.org/W1965283592","https://openalex.org/W1978296416","https://openalex.org/W1979112419","https://openalex.org/W2001029178","https://openalex.org/W2022204334","https://openalex.org/W2031356221","https://openalex.org/W2078141585","https://openalex.org/W2081971696","https://openalex.org/W2084665643","https://openalex.org/W2108042689","https://openalex.org/W2116098144","https://openalex.org/W2144974207","https://openalex.org/W2170987069","https://openalex.org/W2184946579","https://openalex.org/W2263486441","https://openalex.org/W2313680541","https://openalex.org/W2319490449","https://openalex.org/W2956145564","https://openalex.org/W3122740666"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7096260701","https://openalex.org/W1789717626","https://openalex.org/W2950156860","https://openalex.org/W3122740666","https://openalex.org/W7096445907","https://openalex.org/W6903078075","https://openalex.org/W6981934894","https://openalex.org/W2116098144","https://openalex.org/W7097352205","https://openalex.org/W7133310040"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,103],"possible":[1],"violation":[2,35],"of":[3,36,130,155,171,189],"CP,":[4],"T":[5,145,162],"and":[6,22,42,48,89,144,161,178],"CPT":[7,180],"symmetries":[8,38,146,163],"in":[9,17,39,45],"the":[10,63,80,120,131,138,153,169,173,187,191],"[Formula:":[11,174],"see":[12,175],"text]":[13,176],"system":[14],"is":[15,135,182],"studied":[16],"a":[18,46,114],"way":[19,50],"as":[20,24,55,101],"phenomenological":[21],"comprehensive":[23],"possible.":[25],"For":[26],"this":[27],"purpose,":[28],"we":[29],"first":[30],"introduce":[31],"parameters":[32,41,54,132],"which":[33,59],"represent":[34],"these":[37,53,76],"mixing":[40],"decay":[43],"amplitudes":[44],"convenient":[47],"well-defined":[49],"and,":[51],"treating":[52],"small,":[56],"derive":[57,73],"formulas":[58],"relate":[60],"them":[61],"to":[62,72,75,113,125,186],"experimentally":[64],"measured":[65],"quantities.":[66],"We":[67],"then":[68],"perform":[69],"numerical":[70],"analyses":[71],"constraints":[74],"symmetry-violating":[77],"parameters,":[78],"with":[79,93],"latest":[81],"data":[82],"reported":[83],"by":[84,96,106,119],"KTeV":[85],"Collaboration,":[86,91],"NA48":[87],"Collaboration":[88,108],"CPLEAR":[90,107],"along":[92],"those":[94],"compiled":[95],"Particle":[97],"Data":[98],"Group,":[99],"used":[100],"inputs.":[102],"result":[104],"obtained":[105],"from":[109],"an":[110],"unconstrained":[111],"fit":[112],"time-dependent":[115],"leptonic":[116],"asymmetry,":[117],"aided":[118],"Bell\u2013Steinberger":[121],"relation,":[122],"enables":[123],"us":[124],"determine":[126],"or":[127],"constrain":[128],"most":[129],"separately.":[133],"It":[134],"shown":[136],"among":[137],"other":[139],"things":[140],"that":[141],"(1)":[142],"CP":[143,160],"are":[147,164],"violated":[148,165],"definitively":[149],"at":[150,152,166,168,183],"least":[151,167],"level":[154,170,188],"10-4in":[156],"2\u03c0":[157],"decays,":[158],"(2)":[159],"10-3in":[172],"mixing,":[177],"(3)":[179],"symmetry":[181],"present":[184],"tested":[185],"10-5at":[190],"utmost.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2019-12-13T00:00:00"}