{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2991146536","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su11236579","title":"An Optimal Purchase Decision of Reusable Packaging in the Automotive Industry","display_name":"An Optimal Purchase Decision of Reusable Packaging in the Automotive Industry","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-11-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2991146536","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su11236579","mag":"2991146536"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/su11236579","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su11236579","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11236579","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/11/23/6579/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/11/23/6579/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031480555","display_name":"Byungsoo Na","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4939-6259","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4939-6259"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197347611","display_name":"Korea University","ror":"https://ror.org/047dqcg40","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Byungsoo Na","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Global Business, Korea University, 2511 Sejong-ro Sejong City 30019, Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4939-6259","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Global Business, Korea University, 2511 Sejong-ro Sejong City 30019, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197347611"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070972738","display_name":"Min Kyu Sim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0616-1449","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0616-1449"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118373667","display_name":"Seoul National University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00chfja07","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118373667"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Min Kyu Sim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial & Systems Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 232 Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial & Systems Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 232 Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118373667"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019295676","display_name":"Won Ju Lee","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183918463","display_name":"Illinois Tool Works (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/004cdt922","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183918463"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Won Ju Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Strategic Sourcing\u2013Automotive, Illinois Tool Works, 9629 W 197th St, Mokena, IL 60448, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Strategic Sourcing\u2013Automotive, Illinois Tool Works, 9629 W 197th St, Mokena, IL 60448, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183918463"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5070972738"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118373667"],"apc_list":{"value":1700,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1722},"apc_paid":{"value":1700,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1722},"fwci":3.2495,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92214863,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"23","first_page":"6579","last_page":"6579"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10539","display_name":"Sustainable Supply Chain Management","score":0.9609000086784363,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10539","display_name":"Sustainable Supply Chain Management","score":0.9609000086784363,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10328","display_name":"Supply Chain and Inventory Management","score":0.03840000182390213,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14121","display_name":"Business Logistics and Inventory Control","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/returnable-packaging","display_name":"returnable packaging","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reusable-packaging","display_name":"reusable packaging","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-supply-chain","display_name":"automotive supply chain","score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reverse-logistics","display_name":"reverse logistics","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demand-uncertainty","display_name":"demand uncertainty","score":0.6710000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lead-time-variability","display_name":"lead time variability","score":0.8960000276565552}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526921623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190117","display_name":"Automotive industry","level":2,"score":0.8418592214584351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108713360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1824206","display_name":"Supply chain","level":2,"score":0.7130608558654785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112758219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16038819","display_name":"Duration (music)","level":2,"score":0.6720278263092041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.564994752407074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27548731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88272","display_name":"Investment (military)","level":3,"score":0.5292900204658508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117671659","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11049265","display_name":"Manufacturing engineering","level":1,"score":0.43867364525794983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1357284","display_name":"Popularity","level":2,"score":0.43578898906707764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.35517728328704834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3543202877044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.35183221101760864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.344883531332016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15472516417503357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.10574185848236084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/su11236579","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su11236579","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11236579","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/11/23/6579/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:23:p:6579-:d:289451","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/11/23/6579/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:67e17bf1dd7b4db8aa51c6d53e66afbc","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/67e17bf1dd7b4db8aa51c6d53e66afbc","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability, Vol 11, Iss 23, p 6579 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/su11236579","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su11236579","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11236579","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/11/23/6579/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","score":1.0},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.651199996471405}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2991146536.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2991146536.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W625593964","https://openalex.org/W752992501","https://openalex.org/W890256435","https://openalex.org/W1266618839","https://openalex.org/W1791833929","https://openalex.org/W1970573054","https://openalex.org/W1979146400","https://openalex.org/W2036024755","https://openalex.org/W2049999717","https://openalex.org/W2053500992","https://openalex.org/W2062859473","https://openalex.org/W2073040394","https://openalex.org/W2082491464","https://openalex.org/W2087217305","https://openalex.org/W2091912607","https://openalex.org/W2098030255","https://openalex.org/W2160444496","https://openalex.org/W2545975141","https://openalex.org/W2560508669","https://openalex.org/W2604766596"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7169781548","https://openalex.org/W3103856944","https://openalex.org/W1266618839","https://openalex.org/W2889989658","https://openalex.org/W2463495006","https://openalex.org/W2947788263","https://openalex.org/W2240555068","https://openalex.org/W2061873055","https://openalex.org/W49040700","https://openalex.org/W2745313412"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Among":[0],"the":[1,12,25,40,81,97,111,125,138,151,183,200,218],"many":[2],"components":[3],"of":[4,11,14,27,83,113,120,128,159],"material":[5],"delivery":[6,51],"operations,":[7],"packaging":[8,29,94,229],"is":[9,61,133,162,180,185,230],"one":[10],"foundations":[13],"secure":[15],"and":[16,116,145,171,182,207,212,221,232],"cost-efficient":[17],"on-time":[18],"delivery.":[19],"Current":[20],"environmental":[21],"concerns":[22],"have":[23],"increased":[24],"popularity":[26],"returnable":[28,48,59,84,93,129,160],"over":[30],"disposable":[31],"packaging.":[32],"This":[33,205],"study":[34,106],"considers":[35],"a":[36,44,54,58,72,92,155],"supply":[37,103,214],"chain":[38,215],"in":[39,193,217],"automotive":[41,102,219],"industry":[42,220],"where":[43,228],"single":[45,55],"supplier":[46],"adopts":[47],"packages":[49,85,161],"for":[50,164],"operations":[52,216],"to":[53,90,123,225],"recipient.":[56],"If":[57],"package":[60,67],"not":[62],"available,":[63],"then":[64,134,187],"an":[65,77,101],"expendable":[66],"will":[68],"be":[69,87,190,223],"used":[70],"as":[71],"more":[73],"expensive":[74],"alternative.":[75],"Thus,":[76],"investment":[78],"decision":[79],"on":[80,140],"number":[82],"must":[86],"made":[88],"prior":[89],"launching":[91],"system.":[95],"Using":[96],"actual":[98],"data":[99],"from":[100,202],"chain,":[104],"this":[105],"conducts":[107],"simulated":[108],"experiments,":[109],"under":[110],"uncertainty":[112,184],"future":[114],"demand":[115,143,169],"required":[117],"lead":[118,146,173],"time":[119,147,174],"reverse":[121],"logistics,":[122],"identify":[124],"optimal":[126],"quantity":[127],"packages.":[130,196],"Sensitivity":[131],"analysis":[132],"performed":[135],"by":[136],"varying":[137],"assumptions":[139],"operation":[141,166,178],"duration,":[142,167],"variability,":[144,170],"variability.":[148,175],"In":[149],"general,":[150],"results":[152,198],"indicate":[153],"that":[154],"greater":[156],"initial":[157],"purchase":[158],"desirable":[163],"longer":[165],"higher":[168,172],"However,":[176],"if":[177],"duration":[179],"short":[181],"high,":[186],"there":[188],"may":[189,222],"little":[191],"benefit":[192],"using":[194],"reusable":[195],"These":[197],"generalize":[199],"findings":[201],"previous":[203],"studies.":[204],"approach":[206],"solution":[208],"can":[209],"enhance":[210],"reliable":[211],"efficient":[213],"applied":[224],"other":[226],"industries":[227],"important":[231],"expensive.":[233]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2019-12-05T00:00:00"}