{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2990911715","doi":"https://doi.org/10.32601/ejal.651346","title":"The Role of Psychological Capital in Language Learners\u2019 Willingness to Communicate, Motivation, and Achievement","display_name":"The Role of Psychological Capital in Language Learners\u2019 Willingness to Communicate, Motivation, and Achievement","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-11-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2990911715","doi":"https://doi.org/10.32601/ejal.651346","mag":"2990911715"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.32601/ejal.651346","doi":"https://doi.org/10.32601/ejal.651346","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.32601/ejal.651346","pdf_url":"https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/862789","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201870","display_name":"Eurasian Journal of Applied Linguistics","issn_l":"2149-1135","issn":["2149-1135"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318412","host_organization_name":"Hacettepe University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318412"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hacettepe University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Eurasian Journal of Applied Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/862789","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033157076","display_name":"Gholam Hassan Khajavy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0926-960X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0926-960X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gholam Hassan Khajavy","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036601345","display_name":"Hossein Makiabadi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86958956","display_name":"Ferdowsi University of Mashhad","ror":"https://ror.org/00g6ka752","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86958956"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hossein Makiabadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of English , Ferdowsi University of Mashhad , Mashhad , Iran","of , University of , , Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of English , Ferdowsi University of Mashhad , Mashhad , Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86958956"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"of , University of , , Iran","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081113193","display_name":"Samaneh Abdi Navokhi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samaneh Abdi Navokhi","raw_affiliation_strings":["of , University of , , Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"of , University of , , Iran","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.0019,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":36,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98462383,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"3","first_page":"495","last_page":"513"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10021","display_name":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10021","display_name":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12485","display_name":"Optimism, Hope, and Well-being","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10547","display_name":"Education, Achievement, and Giftedness","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychological-capital","display_name":"psychological capital","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/willingness-to-communicate","display_name":"willingness to communicate","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/second-language-motivation","display_name":"second language motivation","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motivational-self-system","display_name":"motivational self-system","score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/second-language-achievement","display_name":"second language achievement","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-efficacy","display_name":"self-efficacy","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hope","display_name":"hope","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimism","display_name":"optimism","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resilience","display_name":"resilience","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efl-learners","display_name":"EFL learners","score":0.890999972820282}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7203516960144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204017024","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485446","display_name":"Optimism","level":2,"score":0.7173745632171631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778757428","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1250464","display_name":"Realm","level":2,"score":0.6458649635314941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780565504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8021978","display_name":"Willingness to communicate","level":2,"score":0.6136540174484253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137176749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4105337","display_name":"Psychological resilience","level":2,"score":0.5756990909576416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.5082544684410095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114010052","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150352","display_name":"Foreign language","level":2,"score":0.5055632591247559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71104824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1476639","display_name":"Structural equation modeling","level":2,"score":0.4902541935443878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158227716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815990","display_name":"Need for achievement","level":2,"score":0.4315226674079895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134895398","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59157","display_name":"Educational psychology","level":2,"score":0.42355257272720337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.2238847017288208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.08618590235710144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.32601/ejal.651346","doi":"https://doi.org/10.32601/ejal.651346","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.32601/ejal.651346","pdf_url":"https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/862789","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201870","display_name":"Eurasian Journal of Applied Linguistics","issn_l":"2149-1135","issn":["2149-1135"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318412","host_organization_name":"Hacettepe University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318412"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hacettepe University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Eurasian Journal of Applied Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dergipark.org.tr:article/651346","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/ejal/issue/50320/651346","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401840","display_name":"DergiPark (Istanbul University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67581229","host_organization_name":"Istanbul University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67581229"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:bb21a915a52947329880694add2d6e0e","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/bb21a915a52947329880694add2d6e0e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Eurasian Journal of Applied Linguistics, Vol 5, Iss 3, Pp 495-513 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.32601/ejal.651346","doi":"https://doi.org/10.32601/ejal.651346","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.32601/ejal.651346","pdf_url":"https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/862789","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201870","display_name":"Eurasian Journal of Applied Linguistics","issn_l":"2149-1135","issn":["2149-1135"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318412","host_organization_name":"Hacettepe University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318412"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hacettepe University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Eurasian Journal of Applied Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","score":0.75,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2990911715.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2990911715.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":71,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W5433308","https://openalex.org/W1504366365","https://openalex.org/W1599418893","https://openalex.org/W1608264339","https://openalex.org/W1665332082","https://openalex.org/W1771454187","https://openalex.org/W1922192126","https://openalex.org/W1925605748","https://openalex.org/W1968241156","https://openalex.org/W1972439702","https://openalex.org/W1976081033","https://openalex.org/W1976439938","https://openalex.org/W1983786736","https://openalex.org/W1986370875","https://openalex.org/W1987423503","https://openalex.org/W1989218063","https://openalex.org/W1990022650","https://openalex.org/W1993284472","https://openalex.org/W1997402707","https://openalex.org/W2001817157","https://openalex.org/W2003986563","https://openalex.org/W2017087379","https://openalex.org/W2025781576","https://openalex.org/W2026945790","https://openalex.org/W2031707874","https://openalex.org/W2034839536","https://openalex.org/W2037816258","https://openalex.org/W2044278608","https://openalex.org/W2051674123","https://openalex.org/W2058456651","https://openalex.org/W2058537982","https://openalex.org/W2071666535","https://openalex.org/W2081482167","https://openalex.org/W2084302054","https://openalex.org/W2084363324","https://openalex.org/W2085212974","https://openalex.org/W2089809664","https://openalex.org/W2095743514","https://openalex.org/W2096177392","https://openalex.org/W2100356821","https://openalex.org/W2103263419","https://openalex.org/W2111297065","https://openalex.org/W2122014897","https://openalex.org/W2155711087","https://openalex.org/W2156334071","https://openalex.org/W2164976997","https://openalex.org/W2170021030","https://openalex.org/W2174274518","https://openalex.org/W2204014330","https://openalex.org/W2318183008","https://openalex.org/W2329289156","https://openalex.org/W2410533703","https://openalex.org/W2419492847","https://openalex.org/W2559195357","https://openalex.org/W2587659454","https://openalex.org/W2614859191","https://openalex.org/W2784868554","https://openalex.org/W2799282198","https://openalex.org/W2801084042","https://openalex.org/W2883689927","https://openalex.org/W2897971917","https://openalex.org/W2937156297","https://openalex.org/W2946805574","https://openalex.org/W2948928365","https://openalex.org/W2955752984","https://openalex.org/W3125274698","https://openalex.org/W4249746737","https://openalex.org/W4298102205","https://openalex.org/W6640080485","https://openalex.org/W6755708993","https://openalex.org/W6832480405"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7218771643","https://openalex.org/W4412162223","https://openalex.org/W7148542249","https://openalex.org/W7118707163","https://openalex.org/W4414383706","https://openalex.org/W4362577396","https://openalex.org/W3081454449","https://openalex.org/W2885682567","https://openalex.org/W4220733420","https://openalex.org/W4400720941"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"By":[0],"shifting":[1],"the":[2,31,38,65,100,105,124,145,155,167],"focus":[3],"of":[4,19,67,107,118,132,148,169],"studies":[5,35],"in":[6,30,43,53,69,99,150],"applied":[7],"linguistics":[8],"from":[9],"negative":[10],"psychology":[11],"to":[12,51,56,63,74,163,166],"positive":[13,129],"psychology,":[14],"psychological":[15],"capital":[16],"(PsyCap)":[17],"consisting":[18],"self-efficacy,":[20],"hope,":[21],"optimism,":[22],"and":[23,81,103,111,139],"resilience":[24],"can":[25],"be":[26],"an":[27],"influential":[28,146],"factor":[29],"language":[32,94,151,170],"classrooms.":[33],"Prior":[34],"have":[36],"emphasized":[37],"role":[39,66,147],"that":[40,123],"PsyCap":[41,68,126,149,165],"plays":[42],"management,":[44],"though":[45],"little":[46],"attention":[47],"has":[48],"been":[49],"given":[50],"it":[52],"education.":[54,152,171],"Therefore,":[55],"address":[57],"this":[58,60,86],"gap,":[59],"research":[61],"intends":[62],"assess":[64],"learners\u2019":[70,125],"second/foreign":[71],"(L2)":[72],"willingness":[73],"communicate":[75],"(WTC),":[76],"L2":[77,82,109,112,133,135,140],"motivational":[78,113,136],"self":[79,114,137],"system,":[80,138],"achievement.":[83,141],"To":[84],"achieve":[85],"goal,":[87],"317":[88],"Iranian":[89],"English":[90],"as":[91],"a":[92,128],"foreign":[93],"(EFL)":[95],"learners":[96],"took":[97],"part":[98],"present":[101],"study":[102],"completed":[104],"measures":[106],"PsyCap,":[108],"WTC,":[110,134],"system.":[115],"The":[116],"findings":[117,143],"structural":[119],"equation":[120],"modeling":[121],"demonstrated":[122],"was":[127],"significant":[130],"predictor":[131],"These":[142],"confirm":[144],"Based":[153],"on":[154,161],"findings,":[156],"some":[157],"recommendations":[158],"were":[159],"presented":[160],"how":[162],"apply":[164],"realm":[168]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-09-29T14:09:16.559479","created_date":"2019-12-05T00:00:00"}
