{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2990278496","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sim.8439","title":"Incorporating retesting outcomes for estimation of disease prevalence","display_name":"Incorporating retesting outcomes for estimation of disease prevalence","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-11-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2990278496","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sim.8439","mag":"2990278496","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31758594","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8856765"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/sim.8439","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sim.8439","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sim.8439","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S55189604","display_name":"Statistics in Medicine","issn_l":"0277-6715","issn":["0277-6715","1097-0258"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Statistics in Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8856765","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070697660","display_name":"Wei Emma Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0406-5974","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0406-5974","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3979-4437"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210095018","display_name":"National Center for Mathematics and Interdisciplinary Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/00s97k668","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210095018"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120485","display_name":"Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science","ror":"https://ror.org/02jkmyk67","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210120485"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144228","display_name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","ror":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210144228"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland","LSC, NCMIS, Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210144228"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"LSC, NCMIS, Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210095018","https://openalex.org/I4210120485"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078901632","display_name":"Aiyi Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6618-5082","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6618-5082"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144228","display_name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","ror":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210144228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Aiyi Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland","Aiyi Liu, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20847, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6618-5082","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210144228"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aiyi Liu, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20847, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210144228"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002140917","display_name":"Qizhai Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3325-8265","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3325-8265"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210095018","display_name":"National Center for Mathematics and Interdisciplinary Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/00s97k668","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210095018"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120485","display_name":"Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science","ror":"https://ror.org/02jkmyk67","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210120485"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qizhai Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["LSC, NCMIS, Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LSC, NCMIS, Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210095018","https://openalex.org/I4210120485"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039237147","display_name":"Paul S. Albert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1658-1068","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1658-1068"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4391012607","display_name":"Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics","ror":"https://ror.org/00vkwep27","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210140884","https://openalex.org/I4391012607"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul S. Albert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biostatistics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1658-1068","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biostatistics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4391012607"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5078901632"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210144228"],"apc_list":{"value":4000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4000},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.081,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8236935,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"39","issue":"6","first_page":"687","last_page":"697"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14374","display_name":"Statistical Methods in Epidemiology","score":0.8949999809265137,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14374","display_name":"Statistical Methods in Epidemiology","score":0.8949999809265137,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11235","display_name":"Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials","score":0.013299999758601189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13500","display_name":"Probability and Statistical Research","score":0.010099999606609344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/group-testing","display_name":"group testing","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/repeated-testing","display_name":"retesting","score":0.7789999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease-prevalence-estimation","display_name":"disease prevalence estimation","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rare-diseases","display_name":"rare diseases","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-efficiency","display_name":"statistical efficiency","score":0.7630000114440918}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.7541952133178711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.4982752799987793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.4924212694168091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.4312340021133423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3907049000263214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.3449714481830597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.18870282173156738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.1534349024295807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.10183155536651611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003362","descriptor_name":"Cost-Benefit Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015995","descriptor_name":"Prevalence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/sim.8439","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sim.8439","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sim.8439","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S55189604","display_name":"Statistics in Medicine","issn_l":"0277-6715","issn":["0277-6715","1097-0258"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Statistics in Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:31758594","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31758594","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Statistics in medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8856765","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8856765","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Stat Med","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8856765","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8856765","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Stat Med","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9391000270843506,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4465412681","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"11722113","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G600048247","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Z180006","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6374948078","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Z99 CA999999","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1460189015","https://openalex.org/W1539528099","https://openalex.org/W1595405559","https://openalex.org/W1968199120","https://openalex.org/W1971257006","https://openalex.org/W1975680434","https://openalex.org/W1981683436","https://openalex.org/W1985061495","https://openalex.org/W1990459137","https://openalex.org/W2003019434","https://openalex.org/W2006535535","https://openalex.org/W2006936993","https://openalex.org/W2019764023","https://openalex.org/W2041682996","https://openalex.org/W2043590435","https://openalex.org/W2053311263","https://openalex.org/W2057384784","https://openalex.org/W2065068225","https://openalex.org/W2067219636","https://openalex.org/W2075614056","https://openalex.org/W2084512514","https://openalex.org/W2089695595","https://openalex.org/W2105901920","https://openalex.org/W2112070227","https://openalex.org/W2113439767","https://openalex.org/W2132532715","https://openalex.org/W2136725812","https://openalex.org/W2139313213","https://openalex.org/W2147679820","https://openalex.org/W2147904256","https://openalex.org/W2155542253","https://openalex.org/W2158655200","https://openalex.org/W2162150549","https://openalex.org/W2165742656","https://openalex.org/W2560677208","https://openalex.org/W2884326209","https://openalex.org/W4234102742","https://openalex.org/W4254774707"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2089695595","https://openalex.org/W1595405559","https://openalex.org/W3003671499","https://openalex.org/W4229459093","https://openalex.org/W7171391315","https://openalex.org/W2315986393","https://openalex.org/W2072091116","https://openalex.org/W2104268225","https://openalex.org/W3015212336","https://openalex.org/W2006535535"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Group":[0],"testing":[1,117],"has":[2],"been":[3],"widely":[4],"used":[5],"as":[6],"a":[7,18,42,82,103,165],"cost-effective":[8],"strategy":[9],"to":[10,68,127],"screen":[11],"for":[12,29,37],"and":[13,112,122,155],"estimate":[14],"the":[15,39,57,60,64,94,106,113,119,150,153],"prevalence":[16],"of":[17,59,84,129,133,152,170],"rare":[19],"disease.":[20],"While":[21],"it":[22,33,70],"is":[23,27,34,66,71],"well-recognized":[24],"that":[25,138,156],"retesting":[26,54,99,139,157,164],"necessary":[28],"identifying":[30],"infected":[31],"subjects,":[32],"not":[35,72],"required":[36],"estimating":[38],"prevalence.":[40,61],"For":[41],"test":[43,65,96,110,114],"without":[44],"misclassification,":[45,69],"gains":[46],"in":[47,56,87,102,141],"statistical":[48],"efficiency":[49,151,162],"are":[50,81],"expected":[51],"from":[52,98,116],"incorporating":[53],"results":[55,97,111],"estimation":[58,154],"However,":[62],"when":[63],"subject":[67],"clear":[73],"how":[74],"much":[75],"gain":[76],"should":[77],"be":[78],"expected.":[79],"There":[80],"number":[83,167],"theoretical":[85],"challenges":[86],"addressing":[88],"this":[89],"issue,":[90],"including":[91],"(1)":[92],"enumerating":[93],"potential":[95],"individual":[100],"subjects":[101,140],"group,":[104],"(2)":[105],"dependence":[107],"among":[108],"these":[109,134],"result":[115],"at":[118],"group":[120],"level,":[121],"(3)":[123],"differential":[124],"misclassification":[125],"due":[126],"pooling":[128],"biospecimens.":[130],"Overcoming":[131],"some":[132],"challenges,":[135],"we":[136],"show":[137],"either":[142],"positive":[143,158],"or":[144,168],"negative":[145,171],"groups":[146,159],"can":[147],"substantially":[148],"improve":[149],"yields":[160],"higher":[161],"than":[163],"same":[166],"proportion":[169],"groups.":[172]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2019-12-05T00:00:00"}