{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2989495809","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14288/1.0085747","title":"Measurement of the Panofsky Ratio","display_name":"Measurement of the Panofsky Ratio","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2989495809","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14288/1.0085747","mag":"2989495809"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:circle.library.ubc.ca:2429/20711","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2429/20711","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196297","display_name":"cIRcle (University of British Columbia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","host_organization_name":"University of British Columbia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis/Dissertation"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.14288/1.0085747","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040586709","display_name":"J. Spuller","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Spuller, Joseph Edward","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5040586709"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10224","display_name":"Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions","score":0.6776999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10224","display_name":"Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions","score":0.6776999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10048","display_name":"Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies","score":0.2152000069618225,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11044","display_name":"Particle Detector Development and Performance","score":0.031599998474121094,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pion-photoproduction","display_name":"pion photoproduction","score":0.6919999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stopped-pions","display_name":"stopped pions","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pion-nucleon-scattering","display_name":"pion-nucleon scattering","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiative-capture","display_name":"radiative capture","score":0.5580000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neutral-pion-decay","display_name":"neutral pion decay","score":0.5600000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nai-tl-detector","display_name":"NaI(Tl) detector","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/timing-response","display_name":"timing response","score":0.6660000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constant-fraction-discriminator","display_name":"constant fraction discriminator","score":0.7360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/s-wave-scattering-length","display_name":"s-wave scattering length","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pion-nucleus-scattering","display_name":"pion-nucleus scattering","score":0.5239999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/threshold-pion-production","display_name":"pion production threshold","score":0.4059999883174896}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3941173851490021}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:circle.library.ubc.ca:2429/20711","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2429/20711","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196297","display_name":"cIRcle (University of British Columbia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","host_organization_name":"University of British Columbia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis/Dissertation"},{"id":"doi:10.14288/1.0085747","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14288/1.0085747","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.14288/1.0085747","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407053062","display_name":"Open Collections","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},{"id":"mag:2989495809","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://open.library.ubc.ca/handle/2429/20711","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306522422","display_name":"PhDT","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PhDT","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.14288/1.0085747","doi":"https://doi.org/10.14288/1.0085747","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.14288/1.0085747","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407053062","display_name":"Open Collections","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2023703956","https://openalex.org/W1998732648","https://openalex.org/W2395075417","https://openalex.org/W2276721039","https://openalex.org/W1965562992","https://openalex.org/W1966383728","https://openalex.org/W2081464498","https://openalex.org/W1990777490","https://openalex.org/W347153159","https://openalex.org/W6910897452"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,59,139,147,207,232],"\u03c0\u207bp":[1,5],"\u2192":[2,6,26,202],"\u03c0\u00b0n":[3],"and":[4,68,79,105,122,159,176,211],"\u03b3n":[7],"have":[8],"been":[9],"investigated":[10],"for":[11,124],"stopped":[12,113],"pions":[13,114],"in":[14,71,108,189,199,212],"a":[15,40,55,154],"liquid":[16],"hydrogen":[17],"target.":[18],"In":[19],"order":[20,213],"to":[21,30,152,214,221,226,239,244],"separate":[22],"the":[23,35,75,80,87,90,100,119,125,129,133,190,193,200,227,241,245],"inflight":[24],"\u03c0\u00b0":[25],"\u03b3\u03b3":[27],"decay":[28],"(55":[29],"83":[31],"MeV":[32],"photons)":[33],"from":[34],"radiative":[36,81],"capture":[37,82],"photons":[38,78],"(129)MeV),":[39],"large":[41],"Nal(Tl)":[42],"crystal":[43],"of":[44,89,128,132,170,192,196],"dimensions":[45],"46":[46],"cm":[47,51],"\u00d8":[48],"x":[49,111],"51":[50],"was":[52,62,141,161,218],"used":[53,238],"as":[54],"total":[56],"energy":[57,60,130,224],"detector.":[58],"resolution":[61],"6%":[63],"fwhm":[64],"at":[65],"129":[66],"MeV,":[67],"this":[69,160],"resulted":[70],"good":[72,156],"separation":[73],"between":[74],"\u03c0":[76],"\u00b0":[77],"photons.":[83],"We":[84],"show":[85],"that":[86,184,253],"value":[88],"Panofsky":[91,242],"ratio":[92,243],"is":[93,102,150,174,182,186,209,251],"P":[94],"=":[95,255],"1.546":[96],"\u00b1":[97,257],"0.009,":[98],"where":[99],"uncertainty":[101],"50%":[103,106],"statistical":[104],"systematic":[107],"origin.":[109],"(2.1":[110],"10\u2075":[112],"were":[115],"observed.)":[116],"Data":[117],"on":[118],"timing":[120,148],"response":[121,131,149],"data":[123],"tail":[126],"region":[127],"NaI":[134],"detector":[135],"are":[136,236],"also":[137,237],"presented.":[138],"latter":[140],"acquired":[142],"through":[143],"an":[144,187,223],"n-\u03b3":[145],"coincidence.":[146],"shown":[151,183],"be":[153],"surprisingly":[155],"2":[157],"ns":[158],"achieved":[162],"by":[163,177],"using":[164,178],"constant":[165],"fraction":[166],"discriminators.":[167],"A":[168],"discussion":[169],"low-energy":[171,233],"pion":[172,197,229,234],"relations":[173,235],"included,":[175],"these":[179],"relationships,":[180],"it":[181,217],"there":[185],"inconsistency":[188],"determination":[191],"s-wave":[194,228,246],"component":[195],"production":[198,230],"\u03c0\u207ad":[201],"pp":[203],"reaction":[204],"near":[205],"threshold.":[206],"discrepancy":[208],"resolved,":[210],"do":[215],"this,":[216],"found":[219,252],"necessary":[220],"allow":[222],"dependence":[225],"amplitude.":[231],"relate":[240],"|a\u2081-a\u2083|":[247,254],"scattering":[248],"length.":[249],"It":[250],"0.261":[256],"0.005":[258],"[Mathematical":[259],"Formula].":[260]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-26T07:47:46.906454","created_date":"2019-11-22T00:00:00"}
