{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2988339161","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3359982","title":"Applications of Distributed Ledger Technologies to the Internet of Things","display_name":"Applications of Distributed Ledger Technologies to the Internet of Things","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-11-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2988339161","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3359982","mag":"2988339161"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3359982","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3359982","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3359982","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157921468","display_name":"ACM Computing Surveys","issn_l":"0360-0300","issn":["0360-0300","1557-7341"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Computing Surveys","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065959325","display_name":"Qingyi Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1168-1599","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1168-1599"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10535382","display_name":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/03dgaqz26","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10535382"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149704539","display_name":"Deakin University","ror":"https://ror.org/02czsnj07","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}],"countries":["AU","CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qingyi Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications and Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1168-1599","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications and Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10535382","https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049314231","display_name":"Seng W. Loke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5339-9305","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5339-9305"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149704539","display_name":"Deakin University","ror":"https://ror.org/02czsnj07","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seng W. Loke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5339-9305","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007075609","display_name":"Rolando Trujillo-Ras\u00faa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8714-4626","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8714-4626"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149704539","display_name":"Deakin University","ror":"https://ror.org/02czsnj07","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rolando Trujillo-Rasua","raw_affiliation_strings":["Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016008862","display_name":"Frank Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3088-8525","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3088-8525"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149704539","display_name":"Deakin University","ror":"https://ror.org/02czsnj07","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frank Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051297830","display_name":"Yong Xiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3545-7863","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3545-7863"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149704539","display_name":"Deakin University","ror":"https://ror.org/02czsnj07","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Xiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":16.3963,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":146,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99140568,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"52","issue":"6","first_page":"1","last_page":"34"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13913","display_name":"Blockchain Technology in Education and Learning","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13038","display_name":"Internet of Things and AI","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-ledger-technology","display_name":"distributed ledger technology","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"blockchain","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-home","display_name":"home automation","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-transportation","display_name":"smart transportation","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supply-chain","display_name":"supply chain","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-healthcare","display_name":"smart healthcare","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-energy","display_name":"smart energy","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"scalability","score":0.9190000295639038}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.773654043674469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777541363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25110971","display_name":"Distributed ledger","level":3,"score":0.6860823631286621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.6780107617378235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.6751516461372375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.5444633960723877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.47888511419296265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.4211377203464508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.41316497325897217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.3636215329170227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.34363508224487305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3327244520187378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.15480726957321167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3359982","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3359982","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3359982","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157921468","display_name":"ACM Computing Surveys","issn_l":"0360-0300","issn":["0360-0300","1557-7341"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Computing Surveys","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/20723971","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Applications_of_distributed_ledger_technologies_to_the_internet_of_things_a_survey/20723971","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.8970999717712402}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3408125309","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61903056 and 61702066","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7284829312","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"cstc2019jcyj-msxmX0681, cstc2017jcyjAX0256, and cstc2018jcyjAX0154","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327865","funder_display_name":"Chongqing Research Program of Basic Research and Frontier Technology"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327865","display_name":"Chongqing Research Program of Basic Research and Frontier Technology","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":129,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1969344535","https://openalex.org/W2019150472","https://openalex.org/W2038194220","https://openalex.org/W2098104887","https://openalex.org/W2101609731","https://openalex.org/W2102407227","https://openalex.org/W2104927807","https://openalex.org/W2105103777","https://openalex.org/W2126087831","https://openalex.org/W2134295053","https://openalex.org/W2144554277","https://openalex.org/W2146509753","https://openalex.org/W2183126124","https://openalex.org/W2335755599","https://openalex.org/W2338676105","https://openalex.org/W2392113277","https://openalex.org/W2405518766","https://openalex.org/W2413863213","https://openalex.org/W2510244456","https://openalex.org/W2522324130","https://openalex.org/W2523077978","https://openalex.org/W2531399364","https://openalex.org/W2553727764","https://openalex.org/W2553854225","https://openalex.org/W2555782333","https://openalex.org/W2561097737","https://openalex.org/W2563213633","https://openalex.org/W2583031215","https://openalex.org/W2588585573","https://openalex.org/W2605157201","https://openalex.org/W2606467208","https://openalex.org/W2606537796","https://openalex.org/W2611626082","https://openalex.org/W2612798110","https://openalex.org/W2619984247","https://openalex.org/W2620085947","https://openalex.org/W2620284884","https://openalex.org/W2624307925","https://openalex.org/W2624953603","https://openalex.org/W2626748464","https://openalex.org/W2735071609","https://openalex.org/W2735773961","https://openalex.org/W2736904962","https://openalex.org/W2742307755","https://openalex.org/W2746343748","https://openalex.org/W2746768139","https://openalex.org/W2749247755","https://openalex.org/W2750322463","https://openalex.org/W2752263663","https://openalex.org/W2753962503","https://openalex.org/W2754256791","https://openalex.org/W2755071912","https://openalex.org/W2765837921","https://openalex.org/W2766209351","https://openalex.org/W2766522683","https://openalex.org/W2768696376","https://openalex.org/W2769227940","https://openalex.org/W2771747728","https://openalex.org/W2774741649","https://openalex.org/W2775178102","https://openalex.org/W2777447168","https://openalex.org/W2782554291","https://openalex.org/W2783845577","https://openalex.org/W2784005930","https://openalex.org/W2786151040","https://openalex.org/W2787178336","https://openalex.org/W2787634488","https://openalex.org/W2789950367","https://openalex.org/W2791124241","https://openalex.org/W2791175019","https://openalex.org/W2791935104","https://openalex.org/W2792614546","https://openalex.org/W2793346081","https://openalex.org/W2793423901","https://openalex.org/W2793500626","https://openalex.org/W2793610021","https://openalex.org/W2794647042","https://openalex.org/W2795085730","https://openalex.org/W2796307943","https://openalex.org/W2796928104","https://openalex.org/W2797361743","https://openalex.org/W2798342357","https://openalex.org/W2798465692","https://openalex.org/W2799502406","https://openalex.org/W2802219065","https://openalex.org/W2802453496","https://openalex.org/W2803371618","https://openalex.org/W2803553469","https://openalex.org/W2805383889","https://openalex.org/W2805590110","https://openalex.org/W2805690413","https://openalex.org/W2805930283","https://openalex.org/W2806199268","https://openalex.org/W2807965149","https://openalex.org/W2807990286","https://openalex.org/W2807998273","https://openalex.org/W2808479741","https://openalex.org/W2808522087","https://openalex.org/W2808595109","https://openalex.org/W2809143401","https://openalex.org/W2810652557","https://openalex.org/W2811112224","https://openalex.org/W2824326510","https://openalex.org/W2857842505","https://openalex.org/W2876503617","https://openalex.org/W2883738719","https://openalex.org/W2885100636","https://openalex.org/W2886169738","https://openalex.org/W2886567055","https://openalex.org/W2887486920","https://openalex.org/W2887704143","https://openalex.org/W2888566981","https://openalex.org/W2889403099","https://openalex.org/W2889944408","https://openalex.org/W2890728226","https://openalex.org/W2891930034","https://openalex.org/W2908331771","https://openalex.org/W2914654142","https://openalex.org/W2918047150","https://openalex.org/W2922452168","https://openalex.org/W2949726555","https://openalex.org/W2962876058","https://openalex.org/W2963983602","https://openalex.org/W2964132125","https://openalex.org/W4211068006","https://openalex.org/W4244457258","https://openalex.org/W4251710990","https://openalex.org/W4254096209","https://openalex.org/W4394652920"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6980015495","https://openalex.org/W7124473121","https://openalex.org/W4292949719","https://openalex.org/W4384405889","https://openalex.org/W3001021274","https://openalex.org/W3004767748","https://openalex.org/W2972964405","https://openalex.org/W2888404940","https://openalex.org/W3094473374","https://openalex.org/W6908350597"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Distributed":[0],"Ledger":[1],"Technologies":[2],"(DLTs)":[3],"and":[4,12,46,57,75,97,101],"blockchain":[5],"systems":[6],"have":[7],"received":[8],"enormous":[9],"academic,":[10],"government,":[11],"commercial":[13],"interest":[14],"in":[15,105],"recent":[16],"years.":[17],"This":[18,65],"article":[19,66],"surveys":[20],"the":[21,29,52,69,106],"integration":[22],"of":[23,31,54,61,80,103],"DLTs":[24],"within":[25],"another":[26],"life-changing":[27],"technology,":[28],"Internet":[30],"Things":[32],"(IoT).":[33],"IoT-based":[34],"applications,":[35,100],"such":[36,73],"as":[37],"smart":[38,40,44,47],"home,":[39],"transport,":[41],"supply":[42],"chain,":[43],"healthcare,":[45],"energy,":[48],"promise":[49],"to":[50,84],"boost":[51],"efficiency":[53],"existing":[55,81],"infrastructures":[56],"change":[58],"every":[59],"facet":[60],"our":[62],"daily":[63],"life.":[64],"looks":[67],"into":[68],"challenges":[70],"faced":[71],"by":[72],"applications":[74],"reviews":[76],"a":[77],"comprehensive":[78],"selection":[79],"DLT":[82,95,104],"solutions":[83],"those":[85],"challenges.":[86],"We":[87],"also":[88],"identify":[89],"issues":[90],"for":[91],"future":[92],"research,":[93],"including":[94],"security":[96],"scalability,":[98],"multi-DLT":[99],"survival":[102],"post-quantum":[107],"world.":[108]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":39},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":15}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2019-11-22T00:00:00"}
