{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2984980179","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21273/jashs04760-19","title":"Molecular Basis of Flower Formation in Apple Caused by Defoliation and Gibberellins","display_name":"Molecular Basis of Flower Formation in Apple Caused by Defoliation and Gibberellins","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2984980179","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21273/jashs04760-19","mag":"2984980179"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21273/jashs04760-19","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21273/jashs04760-19","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21273/jashs04760-19","pdf_url":"https://journals.ashs.org/downloadpdf/journals/jashs/144/6/article-p414.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764541395","display_name":"Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science","issn_l":"0003-1062","issn":["0003-1062","2327-9788"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800526","host_organization_name":"American Society for Horticultural Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800526"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society for Horticultural Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://journals.ashs.org/downloadpdf/journals/jashs/144/6/article-p414.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008592824","display_name":"Mokhles A. Elsysy","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91041137","display_name":"Assiut University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jaj8n65","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91041137"]}],"countries":["EG","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mokhles A. Elsysy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture , Purdue University , 625 Agriculture Mall Drive , West Lafayette , IN 47907 ; and","Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt","Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, 625 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907","Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, 625 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907; and Department of Pomology, College of Agriculture,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture , Purdue University , 625 Agriculture Mall Drive , West Lafayette , IN 47907 ; and","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91041137"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, 625 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, 625 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907; and Department of Pomology, College of Agriculture,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008223190","display_name":"Peter M. Hirst","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91041137","display_name":"Assiut University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jaj8n65","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91041137"]}],"countries":["EG","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Peter M. Hirst","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, 625 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907","Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt","Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, 625 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907; and Department of Pomology, College of Agriculture,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, 625 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91041137"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, 625 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907; and Department of Pomology, College of Agriculture,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008223190"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219","https://openalex.org/I91041137"],"apc_list":{"value":3500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3500},"apc_paid":{"value":3500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3500},"fwci":0.7273,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70371105,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"144","issue":"6","first_page":"414","last_page":"419"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10184","display_name":"Plant Molecular Biology Research","score":0.8535000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10184","display_name":"Plant Molecular Biology Research","score":0.8535000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11546","display_name":"Plant Physiology and Cultivation Studies","score":0.13840000331401825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12834","display_name":"Flowering Plant Growth and Cultivation","score":0.006399999838322401,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/defoliation","display_name":"defoliation","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gibberellin","display_name":"gibberellin","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/naphthaleneacetic-acid","display_name":"naphthaleneacetic acid","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flowering-locus-t","display_name":"FLOWERING LOCUS T","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/honeycrisp","display_name":"Honeycrisp","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/apple","display_name":"apple","score":0.8619999885559082}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83740816","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331818","display_name":"Gibberellin","level":2,"score":0.8724433183670044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.7735090851783752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149943502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q623674","display_name":"Girdling","level":2,"score":0.6862396597862244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777306635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104819","display_name":"Malus","level":2,"score":0.6802400350570679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27414487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3042397","display_name":"Annual growth cycle of grapevines","level":3,"score":0.5951164364814758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81693640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189838","display_name":"Bud","level":2,"score":0.5765440464019775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137660486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q732240","display_name":"Growing season","level":2,"score":0.5437201261520386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207778908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190022","display_name":"Auxin","level":3,"score":0.5436230897903442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778501071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3270569","display_name":"Paclobutrazol","level":2,"score":0.5276449918746948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777970491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411138","display_name":"Gibberellic acid","level":3,"score":0.5256379842758179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197321923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4886","display_name":"Cultivar","level":2,"score":0.5096137523651123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.4791104793548584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126021549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207604","display_name":"Meristem","level":3,"score":0.47869327664375305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.44197922945022583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21410773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220869","display_name":"Shoot","level":2,"score":0.39927786588668823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.3016221523284912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100701293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193838","display_name":"Germination","level":2,"score":0.1306992769241333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21273/jashs04760-19","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21273/jashs04760-19","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21273/jashs04760-19","pdf_url":"https://journals.ashs.org/downloadpdf/journals/jashs/144/6/article-p414.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764541395","display_name":"Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science","issn_l":"0003-1062","issn":["0003-1062","2327-9788"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800526","host_organization_name":"American Society for Horticultural Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800526"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society for Horticultural Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21273/jashs04760-19","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21273/jashs04760-19","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21273/jashs04760-19","pdf_url":"https://journals.ashs.org/downloadpdf/journals/jashs/144/6/article-p414.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764541395","display_name":"Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science","issn_l":"0003-1062","issn":["0003-1062","2327-9788"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800526","host_organization_name":"American Society for Horticultural Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800526"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society for Horticultural Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.9208999872207642}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2984980179.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2984980179.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W180607202","https://openalex.org/W1561492046","https://openalex.org/W1825426371","https://openalex.org/W1979134579","https://openalex.org/W2005498832","https://openalex.org/W2013858539","https://openalex.org/W2042028268","https://openalex.org/W2055365571","https://openalex.org/W2064299273","https://openalex.org/W2091755818","https://openalex.org/W2107277218","https://openalex.org/W2116868029","https://openalex.org/W2125879487","https://openalex.org/W2130818345","https://openalex.org/W2139776915","https://openalex.org/W2157563829","https://openalex.org/W2162098634","https://openalex.org/W2169237926","https://openalex.org/W2189468257","https://openalex.org/W2213026826","https://openalex.org/W2257862412","https://openalex.org/W2289227787","https://openalex.org/W2326962272","https://openalex.org/W2328067055","https://openalex.org/W2338964574","https://openalex.org/W2339492212","https://openalex.org/W2344593846","https://openalex.org/W2484016906","https://openalex.org/W2589622773","https://openalex.org/W2761900743","https://openalex.org/W2913737565","https://openalex.org/W4242969710","https://openalex.org/W4289842788","https://openalex.org/W6714510387"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2784221179","https://openalex.org/W2761900743","https://openalex.org/W2154522237","https://openalex.org/W4381418225","https://openalex.org/W4255924701","https://openalex.org/W3130355137","https://openalex.org/W2532883130","https://openalex.org/W4289842788","https://openalex.org/W2981151838","https://openalex.org/W2313850949"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Adequate":[0],"flower":[1,38,87,109,150,206],"formation":[2,39,110,207],"limits":[3],"dependable":[4],"apple":[5,18,28,116],"(":[6,124,133],"Malus":[7],"\u00d7":[8],"domestica":[9],")":[10,51,138],"production":[11],"and":[12,47,52,82,97,126,135,146,213],"is":[13,24,33,40],"a":[14,25,163,186],"major":[15,108],"challenge":[16],"for":[17],"industries":[19],"around":[20],"the":[21,58,63,74,92,103,113,176,196,210,225,245,248],"world.":[22],"\u2018Honeycrisp\u2019":[23,86],"high":[26],"value":[27],"cultivar,":[29],"but":[30,152],"consistent":[31],"flowering":[32,130,238],"difficult":[34],"to":[35],"achieve.":[36],"Apple":[37],"affected":[41],"by":[42,162,185,208,216],"factors":[43,67],"including":[44],"defoliation,":[45,79],"girdling,":[46],"gibberellin":[48],"(GA":[49],"4+7":[50,81,100,145,181,204],"1-naphthaleneacetic":[53],"acid":[54],"(NAA)":[55],"applications.":[56],"However,":[57],"molecular":[59],"mechanisms":[60],"that":[61,202,232],"regulate":[62],"effects":[64],"of":[65,76,94,106,115,139,143,220,244,250],"these":[66],"are":[68],"not":[69],"well":[70],"understood.":[71],"We":[72,228],"studied":[73],"effect":[75,93],"local":[77,95,98,252],"spur":[78],"GA":[80,99,144,180,203],"NAA":[83,153],"applications":[84,154],"on":[85,102],"formation.":[88],"Furthermore,":[89],"we":[90],"investigated":[91],"defoliation":[96,147,214],"application":[101,142,182],"transcript":[104,169,218],"levels":[105,170,219],"two":[107],"genes":[111,129],"in":[112,166,175,189,224,247],"meristems":[114],"spurs.":[117],"The":[118],"floral":[119,127],"inhibition":[120],"gene":[121],"terminal":[122],"flower1-1":[123],"MdTFL1-1)":[125],"promoting":[128],"locus":[131],"T":[132],"MdFT1":[134],"MdFT":[136],"2":[137,168,222],"apple.":[140],"Local":[141],"treatments":[148,159],"inhibited":[149],"formation,":[151],"were":[155,160],"without":[156],"effect.":[157],"Defoliation":[158],"accompanied":[161,184],"significant":[164,187],"reduction":[165],"MdFT1,":[167,221],"compared":[171,192],"with":[172,193],"controls":[173,194],"early":[174,223],"growing":[177,197,226],"season.":[178,198,227],"Conversely,":[179],"was":[183],"increase":[188],"MdTFL1-1":[190],"transcripts":[191],"throughout":[195],"These":[199],"results":[200],"indicate":[201],"inhibits":[205],"upregulating":[209],"inhibitory":[211],"MdTFL1-1,":[212],"acts":[215],"downregulating":[217],"also":[229],"provide":[230],"evidence":[231],"defoliated":[233],"bourse":[234],"buds":[235],"may":[236],"receive":[237],"promotion":[239],"signals":[240],"from":[241],"other":[242],"parts":[243],"tree":[246],"absence":[249],"their":[251],"leaves.":[253]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2019-11-22T00:00:00"}
