{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2983170047","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6404/ab58bf","title":"Time evolution in quantum systems: a closer look at student understanding","display_name":"Time evolution in quantum systems: a closer look at student understanding","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-11-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2983170047","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6404/ab58bf","mag":"2983170047"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1088/1361-6404/ab58bf","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6404/ab58bf","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6404/ab58bf","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1361-6404/ab58bf/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S118704488","display_name":"European Journal of Physics","issn_l":"0143-0807","issn":["0143-0807","1361-6404"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1361-6404/ab58bf/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050704481","display_name":"Gina Passante","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3718-3387","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3718-3387"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142934699","display_name":"California State University, Fullerton","ror":"https://ror.org/02avqqw26","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142934699"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gina Passante","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA, 92831, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3718-3387","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA, 92831, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142934699"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060181804","display_name":"Benjamin P. Schermerhorn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6936-4932","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6936-4932"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142934699","display_name":"California State University, Fullerton","ror":"https://ror.org/02avqqw26","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142934699"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98947143","display_name":"California State Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05by5hm18","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98947143"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benjamin P Schermerhorn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics & Astronomy, California Polytechnic University Pomona, Pomona, CA, 91768, United States of America","Department of Physics, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA, 92831, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6936-4932","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics & Astronomy, California Polytechnic University Pomona, Pomona, CA, 91768, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98947143"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA, 92831, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142934699"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049662936","display_name":"Steven J. Pollock","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2462-8164","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2462-8164"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steven J Pollock","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2462-8164","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070933859","display_name":"Homeyra R. Sadaghiani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3800-7465","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3800-7465"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98947143","display_name":"California State Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05by5hm18","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98947143"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Homeyra R Sadaghiani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics & Astronomy, California Polytechnic University Pomona, Pomona, CA, 91768, United States of America"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3800-7465","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics & Astronomy, California Polytechnic University Pomona, Pomona, CA, 91768, United States of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98947143"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5050704481"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142934699"],"apc_list":{"value":2700,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2700},"apc_paid":{"value":2700,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2700},"fwci":4.7219,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95011256,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"41","issue":"1","first_page":"015705","last_page":"015705"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10072","display_name":"Science Education and Pedagogy","score":0.8173999786376953,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10072","display_name":"Science Education and Pedagogy","score":0.8173999786376953,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12931","display_name":"Educational Methods and Outcomes","score":0.04010000079870224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10622","display_name":"Quantum Mechanics and Applications","score":0.019700000062584877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-evolution","display_name":"time evolution","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics-education","display_name":"quantum mechanics education","score":0.6729999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spin-1-2-particles","display_name":"spin-1/2 particles","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-understanding","display_name":"student understanding","score":0.656000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hamiltonian","display_name":"Hamiltonian","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-eigenstates","display_name":"energy eigenstates","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-eigenvalues","display_name":"energy eigenvalues","score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-dependent-states","display_name":"time-dependent states","score":0.6779999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-factor","display_name":"phase factor","score":0.6000000238418579}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5168055295944214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.45035961270332336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3633057475090027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.34774476289749146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3434882164001465}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1088/1361-6404/ab58bf","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6404/ab58bf","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6404/ab58bf","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1361-6404/ab58bf/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S118704488","display_name":"European Journal of Physics","issn_l":"0143-0807","issn":["0143-0807","1361-6404"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1088/1361-6404/ab58bf","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6404/ab58bf","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6404/ab58bf","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1361-6404/ab58bf/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S118704488","display_name":"European Journal of Physics","issn_l":"0143-0807","issn":["0143-0807","1361-6404"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","score":0.7567999958992004,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3787340826","display_name":"Collaborative Research: Research as a base to develop adaptable curricula bridging instructional paradigms in Quantum Mechanics","funder_award_id":"1626482","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4910137309","display_name":"Collaborative Research: Research as a base to develop adaptable curricula bridging instructional paradigms in Quantum Mechanics","funder_award_id":"1626280","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6944273539","display_name":"Collaborative Research: Research as a base to develop adaptable curricula bridging instructional paradigms in Quantum Mechanics","funder_award_id":"1626594","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2983170047.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2983170047.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1648065049","https://openalex.org/W1779701258","https://openalex.org/W1964983449","https://openalex.org/W1979138869","https://openalex.org/W1988228381","https://openalex.org/W2020531031","https://openalex.org/W2035354644","https://openalex.org/W2039126886","https://openalex.org/W2054989568","https://openalex.org/W2070132786","https://openalex.org/W2070730446","https://openalex.org/W2085526578","https://openalex.org/W2097930910","https://openalex.org/W2306530620","https://openalex.org/W2327960896","https://openalex.org/W2328403917","https://openalex.org/W2468260017","https://openalex.org/W2562237676","https://openalex.org/W2563590277","https://openalex.org/W2588853009","https://openalex.org/W2605906528","https://openalex.org/W2798456356","https://openalex.org/W2911739222","https://openalex.org/W3100920994","https://openalex.org/W3102207737"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2468260017","https://openalex.org/W2602859921","https://openalex.org/W4244486156","https://openalex.org/W4281913536","https://openalex.org/W2327960896","https://openalex.org/W7169799321","https://openalex.org/W2911739222","https://openalex.org/W2471942227","https://openalex.org/W2562237676","https://openalex.org/W3170040259"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Time":[1],"evolution":[2,151],"of":[3,12,17,50,61,82,90,95,116,131,142],"quantum":[4,21,48],"systems":[5],"has":[6],"been":[7],"shown":[8],"to":[9,44,72],"be":[10,107,153],"one":[11],"the":[13,29,39,47,59,96,98,111,119,143],"most":[14],"difficult":[15],"components":[16],"a":[18,35,51,63,114,154],"typical":[19],"undergraduate":[20],"mechanics":[22],"course.":[23],"In":[24],"this":[25,91],"work,":[26],"we":[27],"examine":[28],"current":[30],"literature,":[31],"and":[32,69,78,101,103,146],"then":[33],"take":[34],"closer":[36],"look":[37],"at":[38,136],"process":[40,60],"that":[41,140],"students":[42],"use":[43,70],"determine":[45],"how":[46],"state":[49,65,112],"spin-1/2":[52],"particle":[53],"evolves":[54],"with":[55],"time.":[56],"We":[57,85],"divide":[58],"writing":[62,110],"time-dependent":[64],"into":[66],"five":[67],"elements":[68,89],"these":[71],"both":[73],"directly":[74],"probe":[75],"student":[76,83,158],"understanding":[77],"guide":[79],"our":[80],"coding":[81],"responses.":[84],"focus":[86],"on":[87],"three":[88,137],"process,":[92],"including":[93],"knowledge":[94,141],"Hamiltonian,":[97],"energy":[99,144],"eigenstates":[100],"eigenvalues,":[102],"what":[104],"basis":[105],"should":[106],"used":[108],"when":[109],"as":[113],"function":[115],"time":[117,150],"using":[118],"phase":[120],"e":[121],"\u2212":[122],"i":[123],"E":[124],"n":[125],"t":[126],"/":[127],"\u210f":[128],".":[129],"Analysis":[130],"four":[132],"exam":[133],"questions":[134],"given":[135],"institutions":[138],"suggests":[139],"eigenbasis":[145],"its":[147],"importance":[148],"for":[149],"may":[152],"weak":[155],"point":[156],"in":[157],"understanding.":[159]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2019-11-22T00:00:00"}
