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Direct URL citation appears in the printed text and is provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal's Web site (www.journaladdictionmedicine.com).; The authors declare no conflicts of interest"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Accepted 4 July, 2019; Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (FDC); Dipartimento di Epidemiologia, Regione Lazio, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy (FDC, GLD, LA); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. 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Direct URL citation appears in the printed text and is provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal's Web site (www.journaladdictionmedicine.com).; The authors declare no conflicts of interest"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Accepted 4 July, 2019; Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (FDC); Dipartimento di Epidemiologia, Regione Lazio, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy (FDC, GLD, LA); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. 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Direct URL citation appears in the printed text and is provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal's Web site (www.journaladdictionmedicine.com).; The authors declare no conflicts of interest"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Accepted 4 July, 2019; Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (FDC); Dipartimento di Epidemiologia, Regione Lazio, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy (FDC, GLD, LA); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. 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Direct URL citation appears in the printed text and is provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal's Web site (www.journaladdictionmedicine.com).; The authors declare no conflicts of interest","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103320735","https://openalex.org/I2802557943","https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210091363","https://openalex.org/I4387154206"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020218520","display_name":"Marzia Molinaro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9849-7323","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9849-7323"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103320735","display_name":"Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","ror":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103320735"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802557943","display_name":"Agostino Gemelli University Polyclinic","ror":"https://ror.org/00rg70c39","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802557943"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091363","display_name":"ASL Roma","ror":"https://ror.org/00eq8n589","country_code":"IT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091363"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154206","display_name":"Regione Lazio","ror":"https://ror.org/008hssd09","country_code":"IT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387154206"]}],"countries":["GB","IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marzia Molinaro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Accepted 4 July, 2019; Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (FDC); Dipartimento di Epidemiologia, Regione Lazio, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy (FDC, GLD, LA); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d IRCCS, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy (MDN, FDC, CR, LM, MM, LD, AL, SM, GG, FM, MLC, SDP, LJ); Funding: The study was conducted without receiving any form of funding.; Mental Health Department, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy (IP).; Pediatric University Hospital-Department (DPUO), Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy (FDC); Received 19 February, 2019; School of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy (GLD); Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citation appears in the printed text and is provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal's Web site (www.journaladdictionmedicine.com).; The authors declare no conflicts of interest"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Accepted 4 July, 2019; Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (FDC); Dipartimento di Epidemiologia, Regione Lazio, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy (FDC, GLD, LA); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. 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Direct URL citation appears in the printed text and is provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal's Web site (www.journaladdictionmedicine.com).; The authors declare no conflicts of interest","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103320735","https://openalex.org/I2802557943","https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210091363","https://openalex.org/I4387154206"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088120574","display_name":"Luigi Dattoli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8463-163X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8463-163X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103320735","display_name":"Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","ror":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103320735"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802557943","display_name":"Agostino Gemelli University Polyclinic","ror":"https://ror.org/00rg70c39","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802557943"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091363","display_name":"ASL Roma","ror":"https://ror.org/00eq8n589","country_code":"IT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091363"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154206","display_name":"Regione Lazio","ror":"https://ror.org/008hssd09","country_code":"IT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387154206"]}],"countries":["GB","IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luigi Dattoli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Accepted 4 July, 2019; Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (FDC); Dipartimento di Epidemiologia, Regione Lazio, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy (FDC, GLD, LA); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d IRCCS, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy (MDN, FDC, CR, LM, MM, LD, AL, SM, GG, FM, MLC, SDP, LJ); Funding: The study was conducted without receiving any form of funding.; Mental Health Department, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy (IP).; Pediatric University Hospital-Department (DPUO), Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy (FDC); Received 19 February, 2019; School of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy (GLD); Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citation appears in the printed text and is provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal's Web site (www.journaladdictionmedicine.com).; The authors declare no conflicts of interest"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Accepted 4 July, 2019; Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (FDC); Dipartimento di Epidemiologia, Regione Lazio, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy (FDC, GLD, LA); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. 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Direct URL citation appears in the printed text and is provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal's Web site (www.journaladdictionmedicine.com).; The authors declare no conflicts of interest","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103320735","https://openalex.org/I2802557943","https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210091363","https://openalex.org/I4387154206"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5095861360","display_name":"Alessandro Lauriola","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103320735","display_name":"Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","ror":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103320735"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802557943","display_name":"Agostino Gemelli University Polyclinic","ror":"https://ror.org/00rg70c39","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802557943"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091363","display_name":"ASL Roma","ror":"https://ror.org/00eq8n589","country_code":"IT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091363"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154206","display_name":"Regione Lazio","ror":"https://ror.org/008hssd09","country_code":"IT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387154206"]}],"countries":["GB","IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessandro Lauriola","raw_affiliation_strings":["Accepted 4 July, 2019; Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (FDC); Dipartimento di Epidemiologia, Regione Lazio, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy (FDC, GLD, LA); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d IRCCS, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy (MDN, FDC, CR, LM, MM, LD, AL, SM, GG, FM, MLC, SDP, LJ); Funding: The study was conducted without receiving any form of funding.; Mental Health Department, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy (IP).; Pediatric University Hospital-Department (DPUO), Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy (FDC); Received 19 February, 2019; School of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy (GLD); Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citation appears in the printed text and is provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal's Web site (www.journaladdictionmedicine.com).; The authors declare no conflicts of interest"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Accepted 4 July, 2019; Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (FDC); Dipartimento di Epidemiologia, Regione Lazio, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy (FDC, GLD, LA); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. 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Direct URL citation appears in the printed text and is provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal's Web site (www.journaladdictionmedicine.com).; The authors declare no conflicts of interest","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103320735","https://openalex.org/I2802557943","https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210091363","https://openalex.org/I4387154206"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017791899","display_name":"Silvia Martinelli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7254-5988","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7254-5988","https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7995-089X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103320735","display_name":"Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","ror":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103320735"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802557943","display_name":"Agostino Gemelli University Polyclinic","ror":"https://ror.org/00rg70c39","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802557943"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091363","display_name":"ASL Roma","ror":"https://ror.org/00eq8n589","country_code":"IT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091363"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154206","display_name":"Regione Lazio","ror":"https://ror.org/008hssd09","country_code":"IT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387154206"]}],"countries":["GB","IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Silvia Martinelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Accepted 4 July, 2019; Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (FDC); Dipartimento di Epidemiologia, Regione Lazio, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy (FDC, GLD, LA); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d IRCCS, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy (MDN, FDC, CR, LM, MM, LD, AL, SM, GG, FM, MLC, SDP, LJ); Funding: The study was conducted without receiving any form of funding.; Mental Health Department, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy (IP).; Pediatric University Hospital-Department (DPUO), Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy (FDC); Received 19 February, 2019; School of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy (GLD); Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citation appears in the printed text and is provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal's Web site (www.journaladdictionmedicine.com).; The authors declare no conflicts of interest"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Accepted 4 July, 2019; Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (FDC); Dipartimento di Epidemiologia, Regione Lazio, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy (FDC, GLD, LA); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. 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Direct URL citation appears in the printed text and is provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal's Web site (www.journaladdictionmedicine.com).; The authors declare no conflicts of interest","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103320735","https://openalex.org/I2802557943","https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210091363","https://openalex.org/I4387154206"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059276264","display_name":"Giulia Giuseppin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103320735","display_name":"Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","ror":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103320735"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802557943","display_name":"Agostino Gemelli University Polyclinic","ror":"https://ror.org/00rg70c39","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802557943"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091363","display_name":"ASL Roma","ror":"https://ror.org/00eq8n589","country_code":"IT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091363"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154206","display_name":"Regione Lazio","ror":"https://ror.org/008hssd09","country_code":"IT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387154206"]}],"countries":["GB","IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giulia Giuseppin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Accepted 4 July, 2019; Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (FDC); Dipartimento di Epidemiologia, Regione Lazio, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy (FDC, GLD, LA); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d IRCCS, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy (MDN, FDC, CR, LM, MM, LD, AL, SM, GG, FM, MLC, SDP, LJ); Funding: The study was conducted without receiving any form of funding.; Mental Health Department, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy (IP).; Pediatric University Hospital-Department (DPUO), Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy (FDC); Received 19 February, 2019; School of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy (GLD); Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citation appears in the printed text and is provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal's Web site (www.journaladdictionmedicine.com).; The authors declare no conflicts of interest"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Accepted 4 July, 2019; Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (FDC); Dipartimento di Epidemiologia, Regione Lazio, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy (FDC, GLD, LA); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. 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Direct URL citation appears in the printed text and is provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal's Web site (www.journaladdictionmedicine.com).; The authors declare no conflicts of interest","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103320735","https://openalex.org/I2802557943","https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210091363","https://openalex.org/I4387154206"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038511215","display_name":"Francesco Maisto","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103320735","display_name":"Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","ror":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103320735"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802557943","display_name":"Agostino Gemelli University Polyclinic","ror":"https://ror.org/00rg70c39","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802557943"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091363","display_name":"ASL Roma","ror":"https://ror.org/00eq8n589","country_code":"IT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091363"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154206","display_name":"Regione Lazio","ror":"https://ror.org/008hssd09","country_code":"IT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387154206"]}],"countries":["GB","IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesco Maisto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Accepted 4 July, 2019; Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (FDC); Dipartimento di Epidemiologia, Regione Lazio, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy (FDC, GLD, LA); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d IRCCS, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy (MDN, FDC, CR, LM, MM, LD, AL, SM, GG, FM, MLC, SDP, LJ); Funding: The study was conducted without receiving any form of funding.; Mental Health Department, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy (IP).; Pediatric University Hospital-Department (DPUO), Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy (FDC); Received 19 February, 2019; School of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy (GLD); Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citation appears in the printed text and is provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal's Web site (www.journaladdictionmedicine.com).; The authors declare no conflicts of interest"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Accepted 4 July, 2019; Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (FDC); Dipartimento di Epidemiologia, Regione Lazio, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy (FDC, GLD, LA); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. 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Direct URL citation appears in the printed text and is provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal's Web site (www.journaladdictionmedicine.com).; The authors declare no conflicts of interest","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103320735","https://openalex.org/I2802557943","https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210091363","https://openalex.org/I4387154206"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047600267","display_name":"Maria Luigia Crosta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2256-6067","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2256-6067"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103320735","display_name":"Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","ror":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103320735"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802557943","display_name":"Agostino Gemelli University Polyclinic","ror":"https://ror.org/00rg70c39","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802557943"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091363","display_name":"ASL Roma","ror":"https://ror.org/00eq8n589","country_code":"IT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091363"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154206","display_name":"Regione Lazio","ror":"https://ror.org/008hssd09","country_code":"IT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387154206"]}],"countries":["GB","IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria Luigia Crosta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Accepted 4 July, 2019; Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK (FDC); Dipartimento di Epidemiologia, Regione Lazio, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy (FDC, GLD, LA); Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d IRCCS, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy (MDN, FDC, CR, LM, MM, LD, AL, SM, GG, FM, MLC, SDP, LJ); Funding: The study was conducted without receiving any form of funding.; Mental Health Department, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy (IP).; Pediatric University Hospital-Department (DPUO), Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy (FDC); Received 19 February, 2019; School of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy (GLD); Supplemental digital content is available for this article. 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