{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2980799565","doi":null,"title":"The effect of biochar amendment on the health, greenhouse gas emission, and climate change resilience of soil in a temperate agroecosystem","display_name":"The effect of biochar amendment on the health, greenhouse gas emission, and climate change resilience of soil in a temperate agroecosystem","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-09-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2980799565","mag":"2980799565"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:uwspace.uwaterloo.ca:10012/15169","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10012/15169","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10012/15169","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401661","display_name":"UWSpace (University of Waterloo)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","host_organization_name":"University of Waterloo","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Master Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10012/15169","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103247218","display_name":"Runshan Will Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9111-8001","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9111-8001"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Runshan Will Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9111-8001","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103247218"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10004","display_name":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10004","display_name":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12294","display_name":"Agricultural Science and Fertilization","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12792","display_name":"Soil Management and Crop Yield","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biochar","display_name":"biochar","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-amendment","display_name":"soil amendment","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperate-agriculture","display_name":"temperate agriculture","score":0.7059999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-health","display_name":"soil health","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/greenhouse-gas-emissions","display_name":"greenhouse gas emissions","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-resilience","display_name":"climate resilience","score":0.7720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/warming","display_name":"warming","score":0.6209999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/co2-fertilization","display_name":"CO2 fertilization","score":0.8889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macroaggregates","display_name":"macroaggregates","score":0.6190000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ammonia-nitrogen","display_name":"ammonia nitrogen","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-microbial-biomass-carbon","display_name":"soil microbial biomass carbon","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poultry-manure","display_name":"poultry manure","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urea-fertilizer","display_name":"urea fertilizer","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soybean","display_name":"soybean","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-temperature","display_name":"high temperature","score":0.5360000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-moisture","display_name":"soil moisture","score":0.746999979019165}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57664001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2567646","display_name":"Agroecosystem","level":3,"score":0.9132357835769653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56085101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905495","display_name":"Biochar","level":3,"score":0.8553754091262817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47737302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167336","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","level":2,"score":0.7689979076385498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81461190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167466","display_name":"Temperate climate","level":2,"score":0.7109118103981018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.6307922005653381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779184190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1269627","display_name":"Amendment","level":2,"score":0.6106294393539429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6068165898323059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779585090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3457762","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.5180256962776184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32198211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165044","display_name":"Greenhouse","level":2,"score":0.41643667221069336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54286561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q397350","display_name":"Agroforestry","level":1,"score":0.34857821464538574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.2607683539390564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.14270728826522827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.14021742343902588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12178957462310791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.11837860941886902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.11833053827285767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.10070228576660156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07901167869567871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36759035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176848","display_name":"Pyrolysis","level":2,"score":0.06740164756774902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.06509453058242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:uwspace.uwaterloo.ca:10012/15169","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10012/15169","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10012/15169","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401661","display_name":"UWSpace (University of Waterloo)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","host_organization_name":"University of Waterloo","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Master Thesis"},{"id":"mag:2980799565","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://uwspace.uwaterloo.ca/handle/10012/15169","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:uwspace.uwaterloo.ca:10012/15169","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10012/15169","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10012/15169","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401661","display_name":"UWSpace (University of Waterloo)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","host_organization_name":"University of Waterloo","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Master Thesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"},{"display_name":"Life on land","score":0.9599999785423279,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"},{"display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.875,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319908","display_name":"Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs","ror":"https://ror.org/033w59g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322033","display_name":"Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs","ror":"https://ror.org/009g8rq41"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322676","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2980799565.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2980799565.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":206,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W19744452","https://openalex.org/W21054777","https://openalex.org/W136628441","https://openalex.org/W211578159","https://openalex.org/W221698503","https://openalex.org/W289928393","https://openalex.org/W318293062","https://openalex.org/W872567583","https://openalex.org/W929834698","https://openalex.org/W1486527837","https://openalex.org/W1491382376","https://openalex.org/W1491445263","https://openalex.org/W1497766031","https://openalex.org/W1525470857","https://openalex.org/W1528564694","https://openalex.org/W1603173873","https://openalex.org/W1614651012","https://openalex.org/W1684698552","https://openalex.org/W1845405934","https://openalex.org/W1877905106","https://openalex.org/W1909201201","https://openalex.org/W1909694316","https://openalex.org/W1912619671","https://openalex.org/W1965176386","https://openalex.org/W1965426652","https://openalex.org/W1968051693","https://openalex.org/W1970156686","https://openalex.org/W1970790856","https://openalex.org/W1971339540","https://openalex.org/W1973226854","https://openalex.org/W1973675330","https://openalex.org/W1976575939","https://openalex.org/W1976779209","https://openalex.org/W1977323056","https://openalex.org/W1982202197","https://openalex.org/W1984674241","https://openalex.org/W1985721132","https://openalex.org/W1986747289","https://openalex.org/W1989064184","https://openalex.org/W1989350475","https://openalex.org/W1990074197","https://openalex.org/W1990342561","https://openalex.org/W1990576276","https://openalex.org/W1990935806","https://openalex.org/W1991904987","https://openalex.org/W1993950009","https://openalex.org/W2000241625","https://openalex.org/W2000757951","https://openalex.org/W2001676530","https://openalex.org/W2005942526","https://openalex.org/W2006964166","https://openalex.org/W2007515348","https://openalex.org/W2010621767","https://openalex.org/W2010715136","https://openalex.org/W2013927755","https://openalex.org/W2014553466","https://openalex.org/W2015026040","https://openalex.org/W2017866836","https://openalex.org/W2019540065","https://openalex.org/W2023355374","https://openalex.org/W2024443425","https://openalex.org/W2026702986","https://openalex.org/W2030467995","https://openalex.org/W2031189848","https://openalex.org/W2031385406","https://openalex.org/W2031671855","https://openalex.org/W2034436872","https://openalex.org/W2038239334","https://openalex.org/W2038525371","https://openalex.org/W2040407952","https://openalex.org/W2041823965","https://openalex.org/W2042148555","https://openalex.org/W2042936357","https://openalex.org/W2043111469","https://openalex.org/W2045088482","https://openalex.org/W2045156396","https://openalex.org/W2046325798","https://openalex.org/W2047820815","https://openalex.org/W2049683810","https://openalex.org/W2051845514","https://openalex.org/W2059577926","https://openalex.org/W2060647962","https://openalex.org/W2062159269","https://openalex.org/W2063384379","https://openalex.org/W2066122301","https://openalex.org/W2068296036","https://openalex.org/W2069986104","https://openalex.org/W2070394663","https://openalex.org/W2070568814","https://openalex.org/W2071911076","https://openalex.org/W2072931007","https://openalex.org/W2073534608","https://openalex.org/W2073740037","https://openalex.org/W2073852890","https://openalex.org/W2075702351","https://openalex.org/W2076627849","https://openalex.org/W2076810743","https://openalex.org/W2079855080","https://openalex.org/W2080386601","https://openalex.org/W2081184011","https://openalex.org/W2081677484","https://openalex.org/W2086810019","https://openalex.org/W2087215447","https://openalex.org/W2088901483","https://openalex.org/W2089539075","https://openalex.org/W2089995046","https://openalex.org/W2090012682","https://openalex.org/W2091187815","https://openalex.org/W2094823138","https://openalex.org/W2094878210","https://openalex.org/W2095763937","https://openalex.org/W2097457893","https://openalex.org/W2097643082","https://openalex.org/W2099272041","https://openalex.org/W2099648436","https://openalex.org/W2101791894","https://openalex.org/W2103310573","https://openalex.org/W2105680496","https://openalex.org/W2108886061","https://openalex.org/W2110890050","https://openalex.org/W2111997852","https://openalex.org/W2113290607","https://openalex.org/W2116116559","https://openalex.org/W2117768162","https://openalex.org/W2118235385","https://openalex.org/W2119861496","https://openalex.org/W2121109171","https://openalex.org/W2121198834","https://openalex.org/W2124354221","https://openalex.org/W2126198837","https://openalex.org/W2127000110","https://openalex.org/W2129623720","https://openalex.org/W2131880210","https://openalex.org/W2132407977","https://openalex.org/W2132479026","https://openalex.org/W2132484323","https://openalex.org/W2133264403","https://openalex.org/W2133425177","https://openalex.org/W2134490314","https://openalex.org/W2135382150","https://openalex.org/W2135839770","https://openalex.org/W2136410249","https://openalex.org/W2137915312","https://openalex.org/W2139656857","https://openalex.org/W2144189317","https://openalex.org/W2144950892","https://openalex.org/W2146452085","https://openalex.org/W2148583852","https://openalex.org/W2149116407","https://openalex.org/W2155311119","https://openalex.org/W2155337559","https://openalex.org/W2155777364","https://openalex.org/W2156119887","https://openalex.org/W2157529882","https://openalex.org/W2160030559","https://openalex.org/W2166708014","https://openalex.org/W2170170821","https://openalex.org/W2170766395","https://openalex.org/W2173492562","https://openalex.org/W2174069807","https://openalex.org/W2178640296","https://openalex.org/W2180090982","https://openalex.org/W2218889548","https://openalex.org/W2230597320","https://openalex.org/W2258242373","https://openalex.org/W2279167787","https://openalex.org/W2310003489","https://openalex.org/W2314093839","https://openalex.org/W2321368781","https://openalex.org/W2345934857","https://openalex.org/W2417056086","https://openalex.org/W2496373138","https://openalex.org/W2499372555","https://openalex.org/W2503362009","https://openalex.org/W2503960884","https://openalex.org/W2512078238","https://openalex.org/W2512784768","https://openalex.org/W2516555386","https://openalex.org/W2521567683","https://openalex.org/W2523774175","https://openalex.org/W2530286652","https://openalex.org/W2574065461","https://openalex.org/W2587348733","https://openalex.org/W2601908610","https://openalex.org/W2604434046","https://openalex.org/W2613751647","https://openalex.org/W2768107713","https://openalex.org/W2790328797","https://openalex.org/W2791583794","https://openalex.org/W2792501092","https://openalex.org/W2797019896","https://openalex.org/W2801605119","https://openalex.org/W2801880407","https://openalex.org/W2811349408","https://openalex.org/W2890125068","https://openalex.org/W2897050651","https://openalex.org/W2900134052","https://openalex.org/W2904523143","https://openalex.org/W2906032263","https://openalex.org/W2906039748","https://openalex.org/W2907661341","https://openalex.org/W2909446549","https://openalex.org/W2990463077","https://openalex.org/W2997899988","https://openalex.org/W4254420749","https://openalex.org/W4256267164"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2897377564","https://openalex.org/W2890125068","https://openalex.org/W3192598715","https://openalex.org/W2810216615","https://openalex.org/W1995697463","https://openalex.org/W7154689536","https://openalex.org/W4408116530","https://openalex.org/W2986865218","https://openalex.org/W3128113937","https://openalex.org/W2749088131"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Biochar":[0],"has":[1],"been":[2],"a":[3,37,63,66,127,199,215,290],"successful":[4],"soil":[5,25,38,69,73,92,154,169,196,203,249,263,295,298],"amendment":[6,39,187],"in":[7,22,40,49,65,70,134,143,158,179,261],"tropical":[8],"agriculture":[9,21,42],"for":[10,245],"thousands":[11],"of":[12,24,34,54,62,72,89,131,240,248],"years.":[13],"Biochar\u2019s":[14],"intrinsic":[15],"chemical":[16],"and":[17,29,46,79,83,97,106,110,119,138,147,152,162,177,228,250,259,264,300,307],"physical":[18,280],"properties":[19],"benefit":[20],"terms":[23,71],"health,":[26,74],"environmental":[27,302],"pollution,":[28],"crop":[30],"productivity.":[31],"The":[32,52,123,167,206],"effect":[33,61,276],"biochar":[35,108,121,186,237,287],"as":[36,214],"temperate":[41,67,294],"faces":[43],"unique":[44],"challenges":[45],"is":[47],"still":[48],"its":[50],"infancy.":[51],"objectives":[53],"this":[55],"study":[56,87,125,172,210],"were":[57],"to":[58,257,293,296,306],"determine":[59],"the":[60,192,241],"wood-biochar":[64],"agricultural":[68],"greenhouse":[75],"gas":[76],"(GHG)":[77],"emissions,":[78],"resilience":[80,209],"against":[81],"warming":[82,275],"CO2":[84,176,225,232],"fertilization.":[85],"This":[86],"consisted":[88],"three":[90],"triplicated":[91],"treatments:":[93],"6t/ha":[94],"poultry":[95,104,113],"manure":[96,105],"135":[98,115],"kg/ha":[99,116],"urea-N":[100,117],"fertilizer":[101],"(MN),":[102],"3t/ha":[103,107,120],"(MB),":[109],"3":[111],"t/ha":[112],"manure,":[114],"fertilizer,":[118],"(MNB).":[122],"field":[124],"found":[126,173],"significantly":[128,174],"greater":[129,200],"fraction":[130],"stable":[132],"macroaggregates":[133],"MB":[135,144,163,260],"than":[136,145,160],"MN":[137,146,161,258],"MNB":[139,148,159,253],"(p=0.040),":[140],"lower":[141,175,180],"NH4+-N":[142],"(p":[149,164,188],"<":[150],"0.001),":[151],"higher":[153],"microbial":[155],"biomass":[156],"carbon":[157],"=":[165,189],"0.002).":[166],"temporal":[168],"GHG":[170,204],"emission":[171],"trends":[178],"N2O":[181],"(not":[182],"significant)":[183],"emissions":[184],"with":[185],"0.031).":[190],"However,":[191],"seasonal":[193],"factor":[194,218,244],"(e.g.":[195],"moisture)":[197],"had":[198],"influence":[201],"on":[202],"emission.":[205],"climate":[207,212,242,310],"change":[208],"introduced":[211],"condition":[213,243],"second":[216],"fixed":[217],"including:":[219],"ambient":[220],"(AMB),":[221],"elevated":[222,229],"temperature":[223,230],"(TEMP),":[224],"fertilization":[226,233],"(fCO2),":[227],"plus":[231],"(fCO2\u00d7TEMP).":[234],"Results":[235],"showed":[236],"behaved":[238],"independently":[239],"vast":[246],"majority":[247],"soybean":[251],"characteristics.":[252],"responded":[254],"poorly":[255],"compared":[256],"many":[262],"plant":[265],"characteristics":[266],"suggesting":[267],"conflicting":[268],"urea-biochar":[269],"interactions.":[270],"Soybeans":[271],"matured":[272],"quicker":[273],"under":[274],"but":[277],"developed":[278],"abnormal":[279],"traits.":[281],"Findings":[282],"from":[283,309],"these":[284],"studies":[285],"suggest":[286],"can":[288],"be":[289],"valuable":[291],"implementation":[292],"improve":[297],"health":[299],"mitigate":[301],"stress":[303],"that":[304],"leads":[305],"results":[308],"change.":[311]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2019-10-25T00:00:00"}