{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2976378491","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3329/sja.v17i1.42761","title":"Effects of conservation agriculture on productivity and Economics of maize-wheat based cropping systems in midwestern Nepal","display_name":"Effects of conservation agriculture on productivity and Economics of maize-wheat based cropping systems in midwestern Nepal","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-08-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2976378491","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3329/sja.v17i1.42761","mag":"2976378491"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3329/sja.v17i1.42761","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3329/sja.v17i1.42761","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3329/sja.v17i1.42761","pdf_url":"https://www.banglajol.info/index.php/SJA/article/download/42761/31915","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764848207","display_name":"SAARC Journal of Agriculture","issn_l":"1682-8348","issn":["1682-8348","2312-8038"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jpps-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SAARC Journal of Agriculture","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.banglajol.info/index.php/SJA/article/download/42761/31915","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012495171","display_name":"Kiran Pariyar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3656-9488","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3656-9488"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800730371","display_name":"Government of Nepal","ror":"https://ror.org/05gjrwv72","country_code":"NP","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800730371"]}],"countries":["NP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K Pariyar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Development, Nepal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Development, Nepal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800730371"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"A Chaudhary","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A Chaudhary","raw_affiliation_strings":["Horticulture Research Station, Dailekh, Nepal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Horticulture Research Station, Dailekh, Nepal","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103048756","display_name":"Pradip Sapkota","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7430-1370","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7430-1370"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12315562","display_name":"Texas Tech University","ror":"https://ror.org/0405mnx93","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12315562"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P Sapkota","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas Tech University, Lubbock, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas Tech University, Lubbock, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12315562"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022218737","display_name":"Shishir Prakash Sharma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0384-6047","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0384-6047"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S Sharma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Horticulture Research Station, Dailekh, Nepal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Horticulture Research Station, Dailekh, Nepal","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018790271","display_name":"Choukri Rana","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4920-951X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4920-951X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"CB Rana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Horticulture Research Station, Dailekh, Nepal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Horticulture Research Station, Dailekh, Nepal","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005389901","display_name":"Jiban Shrestha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3755-8812","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3755-8812"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142290","display_name":"Nepal Agricultural Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/05aqbwk58","country_code":"NP","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142290"]}],"countries":["NP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J Shrestha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Agriculture Botany Division, NARC, Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agriculture Botany Division, NARC, Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142290"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7293,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72304803,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"1","first_page":"49","last_page":"63"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12792","display_name":"Soil Management and Crop Yield","score":0.9115999937057495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12792","display_name":"Soil Management and Crop Yield","score":0.9115999937057495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12436","display_name":"Agronomic Practices and Intercropping Systems","score":0.05620000138878822,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12310","display_name":"Crop Yield and Soil Fertility","score":0.013199999928474426,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conservation-agriculture","display_name":"conservation agriculture","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wheat-maize-cropping-system","display_name":"maize-wheat cropping system","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maize-soybean-intercropping","display_name":"maize-soybean intercropping","score":0.8640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/no-tillage","display_name":"no-tillage","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conventional-tillage","display_name":"conventional tillage","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crop-residue-management","display_name":"crop residue management","score":0.8870000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benefit-cost-ratio","display_name":"benefit-cost ratio","score":0.703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/net-income","display_name":"net income","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maize-grain-yield","display_name":"maize grain yield","score":0.7799999713897705}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16397148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q878333","display_name":"Tillage","level":2,"score":0.7324965000152588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.6907495856285095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781338088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q903495","display_name":"Residue (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.5976709127426147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183889291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5187955","display_name":"Crop residue","level":3,"score":0.5841386318206787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5787346363067627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776394811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3634497","display_name":"Cropping system","level":3,"score":0.5768285393714905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140130429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4439388","display_name":"Conservation agriculture","level":3,"score":0.5204606056213379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116370137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1227672","display_name":"No-till farming","level":4,"score":0.5159231424331665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992211155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889514","display_name":"Grain yield","level":2,"score":0.5053882598876953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780696901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5166322","display_name":"Conventional tillage","level":3,"score":0.4883982539176941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126343540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889514","display_name":"Crop yield","level":2,"score":0.4422231614589691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.44018369913101196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137580998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q235352","display_name":"Crop","level":2,"score":0.42332184314727783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3814927339553833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.3800203502178192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38774213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202080","display_name":"Soil fertility","level":3,"score":0.09922522306442261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159750122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023","display_name":"Soil water","level":2,"score":0.0854978859424591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.049006491899490356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3329/sja.v17i1.42761","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3329/sja.v17i1.42761","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3329/sja.v17i1.42761","pdf_url":"https://www.banglajol.info/index.php/SJA/article/download/42761/31915","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764848207","display_name":"SAARC Journal of Agriculture","issn_l":"1682-8348","issn":["1682-8348","2312-8038"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jpps-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SAARC Journal of Agriculture","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3329/sja.v17i1.42761","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3329/sja.v17i1.42761","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3329/sja.v17i1.42761","pdf_url":"https://www.banglajol.info/index.php/SJA/article/download/42761/31915","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764848207","display_name":"SAARC Journal of Agriculture","issn_l":"1682-8348","issn":["1682-8348","2312-8038"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jpps-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SAARC Journal of Agriculture","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"},{"score":0.8125,"display_name":"Life on land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313805","display_name":"Nepal Agricultural Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/05aqbwk58"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2976378491.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2976378491.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1181777671","https://openalex.org/W1436655231","https://openalex.org/W1999615998","https://openalex.org/W2009925585","https://openalex.org/W2032500215","https://openalex.org/W2056302025","https://openalex.org/W2125281282","https://openalex.org/W2142530912","https://openalex.org/W2145950790","https://openalex.org/W2189609716","https://openalex.org/W2330255904","https://openalex.org/W2394577222","https://openalex.org/W2610102304","https://openalex.org/W2889422191","https://openalex.org/W2945811250"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2907695416","https://openalex.org/W7220508765","https://openalex.org/W2932460699","https://openalex.org/W2355824610","https://openalex.org/W7098740300","https://openalex.org/W2906923523","https://openalex.org/W2119303922","https://openalex.org/W2158831303","https://openalex.org/W3047198082","https://openalex.org/W2335647046"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,58,101,146],"effects":[1],"of":[2,22,40,48,205],"two":[3,11,20],"tillage":[4,7,130],"methods":[5],"(zero":[6],"and":[8,16,19,28,43,50,72,78,91,138,161,186,194],"conventional":[9,144],"tillage),":[10],"residue":[12,17,147,158,184],"managements":[13],"(residue":[14],"kept":[15,148,185],"removed)":[18],"levels":[21],"cropping":[23],"system":[24,66,190],"(maize":[25],"+":[26,64,113,164,188],"soybean":[27,51,65,114,165,189],"sole":[29,99,127,173],"maize)":[30],"were":[31,45],"studied":[32],"over":[33],"3":[34],"years":[35],"(2015-2017)":[36],"at":[37],"Dailekh":[38,203],"district":[39,204],"Nepal.":[41],"Arun-2":[42],"Puja":[44],"the":[46,62,118,157,162],"varieties":[47],"maize":[49,63,103,112,163,187],"used":[52],"respectively,":[53],"followed":[54],"by":[55],"winter":[56],"wheat.":[57],"results":[59],"revealed":[60],"that":[61],"had":[67],"significantly":[68,151,179],"higher":[69,93,133,152,180],"plant":[70],"population":[71,74],"ear":[73,87],"(34.83":[75],"thousands":[76,80],"ha-1":[77,196],"34.35":[79],"ha-1,":[81],"respectively),":[82],"grains":[83],"per":[84],"row":[85],"(37.1),":[86],"length":[88],"(16.6":[89],"cm)":[90],"20.5%":[92],"grain":[94,120],"yield":[95,105,121],"as":[96,115,141],"compared":[97,116,142,171],"to":[98,117,143,172,207],"maize.":[100,128,174],"highest":[102],"equivalent":[104,122],"(7.92":[106],"t":[107,124],"ha-1)":[108,125],"was":[109,178],"recorded":[110,166],"in":[111,126,181],"lower":[119],"(7.06":[123],"Zero":[129],"accounted":[131],"relatively":[132],"benefits":[134],"(high":[135],"net":[136],"income":[137,177],"B:C":[139,153,169],"ratio)":[140],"tillage.":[145],"plot":[149],"resulted":[150],"ratio":[154,170],"(2.41)":[155],"than":[156],"removed":[159],"(2.11)":[160],"82.5%":[167],"greater":[168],"Net":[175],"annual":[176],"zero":[182],"tillage,":[183],"(NRs.":[191],"223072.00,":[192],"222958.00":[193],"269016.00":[195],"respectively).":[197],"Such":[198],"combinations":[199],"are":[200],"recommended":[201],"for":[202],"Nepal":[206],"have":[208],"profitable":[209],"crop":[210],"productivity.":[211],"SAARC":[212],"J.":[213],"Agri.,":[214],"17(1):":[215],"49-63":[216],"(2019)":[217]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2019-10-03T00:00:00"}
