{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2973293797","doi":null,"title":"Melasma in Men: A Review of Clinical, Etiological, and Management Issues.","display_name":"Melasma in Men: A Review of Clinical, Etiological, and Management Issues.","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2973293797","mag":"2973293797","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29552277","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5843363"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:5843363","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5843363","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"J Clin Aesthet Dermatol","raw_type":"Text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5843363","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020868085","display_name":"Rashmi Sarkar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8768-4879","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8768-4879"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39190216","display_name":"Maulana Azad Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/03dwx1z96","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110166357","https://openalex.org/I39190216"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113434","display_name":"Sir Ganga Ram Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01x18vk56","country_code":"IN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113434"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rashmi Sarkar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dr. Sarkar is a professor at the Department of Dermatology, Maulana Azad Medical College in New Delhi, India","Dr. Ailawadi is Senior Resident at the Maulana Azad Medical College and LokNayak Hospital in New Delhi, India","Dr Garg is Consultant Dermatologist, Sir Gangaram Hospital in New Delhi, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dr. Sarkar is a professor at the Department of Dermatology, Maulana Azad Medical College in New Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39190216"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dr. Ailawadi is Senior Resident at the Maulana Azad Medical College and LokNayak Hospital in New Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39190216"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dr Garg is Consultant Dermatologist, Sir Gangaram Hospital in New Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113434"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084818539","display_name":"Pallavi Ailawadi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39190216","display_name":"Maulana Azad Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/03dwx1z96","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110166357","https://openalex.org/I39190216"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113434","display_name":"Sir Ganga Ram Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01x18vk56","country_code":"IN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113434"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pallavi Ailawadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dr. Sarkar is a professor at the Department of Dermatology, Maulana Azad Medical College in New Delhi, India","Dr. Ailawadi is Senior Resident at the Maulana Azad Medical College and LokNayak Hospital in New Delhi, India","Dr Garg is Consultant Dermatologist, Sir Gangaram Hospital in New Delhi, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dr. Sarkar is a professor at the Department of Dermatology, Maulana Azad Medical College in New Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39190216"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dr. Ailawadi is Senior Resident at the Maulana Azad Medical College and LokNayak Hospital in New Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39190216"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dr Garg is Consultant Dermatologist, Sir Gangaram Hospital in New Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113434"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Shilpa Garg","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39190216","display_name":"Maulana Azad Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/03dwx1z96","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110166357","https://openalex.org/I39190216"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113434","display_name":"Sir Ganga Ram Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01x18vk56","country_code":"IN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113434"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shilpa Garg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dr. Sarkar is a professor at the Department of Dermatology, Maulana Azad Medical College in New Delhi, India","Dr. Ailawadi is Senior Resident at the Maulana Azad Medical College and LokNayak Hospital in New Delhi, India","Dr Garg is Consultant Dermatologist, Sir Gangaram Hospital in New Delhi, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dr. Sarkar is a professor at the Department of Dermatology, Maulana Azad Medical College in New Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39190216"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dr. Ailawadi is Senior Resident at the Maulana Azad Medical College and LokNayak Hospital in New Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39190216"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dr Garg is Consultant Dermatologist, Sir Gangaram Hospital in New Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113434"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.1389,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":49,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95955726,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"2","first_page":"53","last_page":"59"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11172","display_name":"Dermatologic Treatments and Research","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2708","display_name":"Dermatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11172","display_name":"Dermatologic Treatments and Research","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2708","display_name":"Dermatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11144","display_name":"melanin and skin pigmentation","score":0.0038999998942017555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1307","display_name":"Cell Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10392","display_name":"Cutaneous Melanoma Detection and Management","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/melasma","display_name":"melasma","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/men","display_name":"men","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperpigmentation","display_name":"hyperpigmentation","score":0.800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/etiology","display_name":"etiology","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment","display_name":"treatment","score":0.6129999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recurrence","display_name":"recurrence","score":0.7540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultraviolet-radiation","display_name":"ultraviolet radiation","score":0.8870000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-life","display_name":"quality of life","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patient-education","display_name":"patient education","score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-expectations","display_name":"treatment expectations","score":0.375}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776677263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q305190","display_name":"Melasma","level":2,"score":0.9985219240188599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9493407011032104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137627325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156318","display_name":"Etiology","level":2,"score":0.7678741216659546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16005928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171171","display_name":"Dermatology","level":1,"score":0.675923764705658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779951463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268788","display_name":"Quality of life (healthcare)","level":2,"score":0.4265872836112976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.41773441433906555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.14579614996910095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.1429060697555542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:5843363","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5843363","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"J Clin Aesthet Dermatol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:29552277","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29552277","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of clinical and aesthetic dermatology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:2973293797","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29552277","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:5843363","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5843363","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"J Clin Aesthet Dermatol","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9789000153541565,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W69731013","https://openalex.org/W70809776","https://openalex.org/W124885230","https://openalex.org/W1527678614","https://openalex.org/W1596494987","https://openalex.org/W1966948887","https://openalex.org/W1968843680","https://openalex.org/W1977209543","https://openalex.org/W1980995375","https://openalex.org/W1983976270","https://openalex.org/W1990368513","https://openalex.org/W1997508994","https://openalex.org/W2000318649","https://openalex.org/W2004595826","https://openalex.org/W2006756180","https://openalex.org/W2010790373","https://openalex.org/W2014435357","https://openalex.org/W2021388433","https://openalex.org/W2055136319","https://openalex.org/W2055984976","https://openalex.org/W2056723614","https://openalex.org/W2066294632","https://openalex.org/W2071159467","https://openalex.org/W2077723882","https://openalex.org/W2080116170","https://openalex.org/W2095217950","https://openalex.org/W2107532642","https://openalex.org/W2108085688","https://openalex.org/W2110175712","https://openalex.org/W2119626077","https://openalex.org/W2121028352","https://openalex.org/W2144705806","https://openalex.org/W2151029809","https://openalex.org/W2153442601","https://openalex.org/W2156676366","https://openalex.org/W2161156629","https://openalex.org/W2162235035","https://openalex.org/W2282773950","https://openalex.org/W2322255142","https://openalex.org/W2387705900","https://openalex.org/W2407490553","https://openalex.org/W2464457409","https://openalex.org/W2468443369","https://openalex.org/W2516010258","https://openalex.org/W4233743176","https://openalex.org/W4234516304"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1810566479","https://openalex.org/W1499628111","https://openalex.org/W3000695682","https://openalex.org/W2968084617","https://openalex.org/W4387735940","https://openalex.org/W2153442601","https://openalex.org/W4401486370","https://openalex.org/W2908936223","https://openalex.org/W4413890283","https://openalex.org/W2758983427"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Melasma":[0,39],"is":[1,14,40,73],"a":[2,74],"common":[3,42],"skin":[4],"condition":[5],"that":[6,106,127],"affects":[7,48],"both":[8],"men":[9,54,148],"and":[10,20,28,82,91,96,115,118,136,149],"women.":[11,61],"However,":[12],"it":[13,46,58],"more":[15],"commonly":[16],"seen":[17],"in":[18,25,33,43,53,60,67,69,86,101],"women":[19],"dark-skinned":[21],"individuals,":[22],"such":[23],"as":[24,55,57,142],"Hispanics,":[26],"Asians,":[27],"African":[29],"Americans":[30],"who":[31],"live":[32],"areas":[34],"with":[35],"intense":[36],"ultraviolet":[37],"radiation.":[38],"less":[41],"men,":[44],"but":[45],"negatively":[47],"the":[49,79,112],"quality":[50],"of":[51,76,84,99,121],"life":[52],"much":[56],"does":[59],"While":[62],"melasma":[63,85,100],"has":[64],"been":[65],"studied":[66],"detail":[68],"women,":[70],"however,":[71],"there":[72],"paucity":[75],"studies":[77],"on":[78,111],"clinico-":[80],"etiopathology":[81],"therapeutics":[83],"men.":[87,102],"This":[88],"article":[89],"reviews":[90],"discusses":[92],"important":[93],"clinical,":[94],"etiological,":[95],"treatment":[97,116,140],"aspects":[98],"The":[103,123],"authors":[104,124],"recommend":[105,126],"clinicians":[107,128],"educate":[108],"their":[109,150],"patients":[110],"causes,":[113],"prevention":[114],"methods,":[117],"recurrence":[119],"rates":[120],"melasma.":[122],"also":[125],"take":[129],"into":[130],"careful":[131],"consideration":[132],"each":[133],"patient's":[134],"preferences":[135],"expectations":[137],"when":[138],"creating":[139],"regimens,":[141],"these":[143],"might":[144],"differ":[145],"greatly":[146],"among":[147],"female":[151],"counterparts.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-29T09:56:32.521200","created_date":"2019-09-26T00:00:00"}
