{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2972074307","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nssmic.2018.8824662","title":"A Fully Integrated State-of-the-Art Analog SiPM with on-chip Time Conversion","display_name":"A Fully Integrated State-of-the-Art Analog SiPM with on-chip Time Conversion","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2972074307","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nssmic.2018.8824662","mag":"2972074307"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/nssmic.2018.8824662","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nssmic.2018.8824662","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nssmic.2018.8824662","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608255","display_name":"IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)","issn_l":"1095-7863","issn":["1095-7863"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Proceedings (NSS/MIC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/272104","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037806433","display_name":"Andrada Muntean","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6135-5305","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6135-5305"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","display_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","ror":"https://ror.org/02s376052","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrada Muntean","raw_affiliation_strings":["EPFL Lausanne, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"EPFL Lausanne, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101533238","display_name":"Ashish Sachdeva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9672-6097","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9672-6097"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ashish Sachdeva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002556988","display_name":"Esteban Venialgo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4758-6446","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4758-6446"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Esteban Venialgo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101569311","display_name":"Salvatore Gnecchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7799-5921","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7799-5921"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105634","display_name":"SensL (Ireland)","ror":"https://ror.org/01dzdzt70","country_code":"IE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105634"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Salvatore Gnecchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["SensL, Cork, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SensL, Cork, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105634"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072211117","display_name":"Darek P. Palubiak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0421-1791","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0421-1791"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105634","display_name":"SensL (Ireland)","ror":"https://ror.org/01dzdzt70","country_code":"IE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105634"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Darek Palubiak","raw_affiliation_strings":["SensL, Cork, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SensL, Cork, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105634"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113938789","display_name":"Carl Jackson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105634","display_name":"SensL (Ireland)","ror":"https://ror.org/01dzdzt70","country_code":"IE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105634"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carl Jackson","raw_affiliation_strings":["SensL, Cork, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SensL, Cork, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105634"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026782847","display_name":"Edoardo Charbon A","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0620-3365","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0620-3365"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","display_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","ror":"https://ror.org/02s376052","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edoardo Charbon","raw_affiliation_strings":["EPFL Lausanne, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"EPFL Lausanne, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.929,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96614583,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"3"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11216","display_name":"Radiation Detection and Scintillator Technologies","score":0.3075999915599823,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11216","display_name":"Radiation Detection and Scintillator Technologies","score":0.3075999915599823,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11044","display_name":"Particle Detector Development and Performance","score":0.3037000000476837,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.13819999992847443,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/silicon-photomultipliers","display_name":"silicon photomultipliers","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-to-digital-converter","display_name":"time-to-digital converter","score":0.9509999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/on-chip-readout","display_name":"on-chip readout","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos-chip","display_name":"CMOS integrated circuit","score":0.49399998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ring-oscillator","display_name":"ring oscillator","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-detector","display_name":"phase detector","score":0.6769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comparator","display_name":"comparator","score":0.5400000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photon-detection-efficiency","display_name":"photon detection efficiency","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parasitic-capacitance-reduction","display_name":"parasitic capacitance reduction","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-power-readout","display_name":"low-power readout","score":0.35899999737739563}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104335537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1085747","display_name":"Silicon photomultiplier","level":4,"score":0.837113082408905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14245642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q399804","display_name":"Preamplifier","level":4,"score":0.7585446834564209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155745195","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1164179","display_name":"Comparator","level":3,"score":0.7472409605979919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.5193372964859009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77170095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1753188","display_name":"Linearity","level":2,"score":0.4793182611465454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.4651089310646057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.44665971398353577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92631468","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215437","display_name":"Transimpedance amplifier","level":5,"score":0.43730834126472473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4290398955345154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164862427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2744647","display_name":"Flash ADC","level":4,"score":0.42577752470970154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781402376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17126172","display_name":"Photon counting","level":3,"score":0.41787800192832947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.3735879063606262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145366948","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178947","display_name":"Operational amplifier","level":4,"score":0.27287769317626953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.19330573081970215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.16823750734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16206493973731995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.1482733190059662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161694136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910990","display_name":"Scintillator","level":3,"score":0.10597437620162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/nssmic.2018.8824662","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nssmic.2018.8824662","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nssmic.2018.8824662","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608255","display_name":"IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)","issn_l":"1095-7863","issn":["1095-7863"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Proceedings (NSS/MIC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:infoscience.epfl.ch:272104","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/272104","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400487","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","host_organization_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"conference proceedings"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:infoscience.epfl.ch:272104","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/272104","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400487","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","host_organization_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"conference proceedings"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2129393153","https://openalex.org/W2546572796","https://openalex.org/W2606404237","https://openalex.org/W2743243049","https://openalex.org/W2765932806","https://openalex.org/W2767016079","https://openalex.org/W2901325526","https://openalex.org/W6729379829"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2901325526","https://openalex.org/W2769765043","https://openalex.org/W3113272647","https://openalex.org/W2089744284","https://openalex.org/W4391620692","https://openalex.org/W2736234716","https://openalex.org/W7037641799","https://openalex.org/W7098973031","https://openalex.org/W2200299169","https://openalex.org/W3016214032"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"work,":[2],"we":[3],"present":[4],"a":[5,25,58,65,68,122,131,140,145,157,186,200,209],"complete":[6],"design":[7,71],"implementation":[8],"and":[9,53,67,91,110,149,167,173,208],"characterization":[10],"of":[11,24,100,134,171,180,213],"an":[12],"analog":[13,60,80],"silicon":[14],"photomultiplier":[15],"(SiPM)":[16],"with":[17,28,144,163],"integrated":[18],"time-to-digital":[19],"converter":[20],"(TDC).":[21],"The":[22,55,70,78,116,137,176,215],"combination":[23],"photodetector":[26],"together":[27],"on-chip":[29],"readout":[30],"circuitry":[31],"in":[32,74,160],"close":[33],"proximity":[34],"enables":[35],"system-level":[36],"advantages":[37],"such":[38],"as":[39],"internal":[40],"parasitic":[41,132],"reduction":[42],"for":[43,125],"better":[44],"single-photon":[45],"timing":[46,127],"resolution":[47],"(SPTR),":[48],"but":[49],"also":[50],"overall":[51,104],"simplicity":[52],"compactness.":[54],"system":[56],"comprises":[57],"C-Series":[59],"SiPM":[61,81,117],"developed":[62],"by":[63,185],"SensL,":[64],"TDC,":[66],"comparator.":[69],"was":[72],"implemented":[73],"0.35\u03bcm":[75],"CMOS":[76],"technology.":[77],"proposed":[79],"features":[82],"48%":[83],"photon":[84],"detection":[85],"efficiency":[86],"(PDE)":[87],"at":[88],"420nm":[89],"wavelength":[90],"+6.0V":[92],"excess":[93],"bias.":[94],"Thanks":[95],"to":[96,195],"the":[97,101,103,196,220],"small":[98],"size":[99],"electronics,":[102],"sensor":[105],"fill":[106],"factor":[107],"is":[108,114,121,139,178,224],"75%":[109],"its":[111],"sensitive":[112],"area":[113],"3\u00d73mm2.":[115],"fast":[118,126,197],"output,":[119],"which":[120],"specialized":[123],"terminal":[124],"output":[128,198],"signals,":[129],"has":[130],"capacitance":[133],"about":[135],"12pF.":[136],"TDC":[138],"multi-path-gated":[141],"ring":[142],"oscillator":[143],"6-bit":[146],"coarse":[147],"counter":[148],"9-bit":[150],"phase":[151],"detector.":[152],"Post-layout":[153,202],"simulation":[154,203],"results":[155],"indicate":[156],"65ps":[158],"LSB":[159],"typical":[161],"corner":[162],"differential":[164,189],"non-linearity":[165,169],"(DNL)":[166],"integral":[168],"(INL)":[170],"\u00b10.55LSB":[172],"\u00b11LSB,":[174],"respectively.":[175],"comparator":[177,216],"composed":[179],"two":[181],"preamplifier":[182,210,222],"stages":[183],"followed":[184],"complementary":[187],"self-biased":[188],"amplifier":[190],"stage":[191,211,223],"(CSDA),":[192],"directly":[193],"coupled":[194],"through":[199],"capacitor.":[201],"indicates":[204],"48V/ns":[205],"slew":[206],"rate":[207],"bandwidth":[212],"~1GHz.":[214],"power":[217],"consumption":[218],"without":[219],"additional":[221],"198\u03bcW.":[225]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-26T11:51:55.731654","created_date":"2019-09-12T00:00:00"}