{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2969596049","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jzo.12723","title":"Urban lifestyle supports larger red foxes in Australia: an investigation into the morphology of an invasive predator","display_name":"Urban lifestyle supports larger red foxes in Australia: an investigation into the morphology of an invasive predator","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-08-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2969596049","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jzo.12723","mag":"2969596049"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/jzo.12723","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jzo.12723","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jzo.12723","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44571845","display_name":"Journal of Zoology","issn_l":"0952-8369","issn":["0952-8369","1469-7998"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Zoology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074233159","display_name":"Ben Stepkovitch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7981-5816","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7981-5816"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63525965","display_name":"Western Sydney University","ror":"https://ror.org/03t52dk35","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63525965"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"B. Stepkovitch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7981-5816","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63525965"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022756475","display_name":"John M. Martin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2731-9292","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2731-9292"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"The University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130668","display_name":"Royal Botanic Garden Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03nw3dq29","country_code":"AU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130668"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. M. Martin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Ecosystem Science, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia","Royal Botanic Garden & Domain Trust Sydney NSW Australia","School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Ecosystem Science, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Royal Botanic Garden & Domain Trust Sydney NSW Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130668"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077714086","display_name":"Chris R. Dickman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1067-3730","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1067-3730"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"The University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. R. Dickman","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072560834","display_name":"Justin A. Welbergen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8085-5759","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8085-5759"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63525965","display_name":"Western Sydney University","ror":"https://ror.org/03t52dk35","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63525965"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. A. Welbergen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63525965"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5074233159"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63525965"],"apc_list":{"value":3600,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3600},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4636,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8826924,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"309","issue":"4","first_page":"287","last_page":"294"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11913","display_name":"Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies","score":0.5443999767303467,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11913","display_name":"Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies","score":0.5443999767303467,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10199","display_name":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","score":0.4462999999523163,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10174","display_name":"Animal Behavior and Reproduction","score":0.002300000051036477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1105","display_name":"Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/red-fox","display_name":"red fox","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urbanization","display_name":"urbanization","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/body-size","display_name":"body size","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/body-condition","display_name":"body condition","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/invasive-predators","display_name":"invasive predators","score":0.5419999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/morphological-variation","display_name":"morphological variation","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-adaptation","display_name":"urban adaptation","score":0.5920000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use-gradient","display_name":"land use gradient","score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sydney","display_name":"Sydney","score":0.5989999771118164}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776082042","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185194","display_name":"Vulpes","level":3,"score":0.940240740776062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.8313254117965698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96857902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2138108","display_name":"Predator","level":3,"score":0.722845196723938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188382862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170430","display_name":"Predation","level":2,"score":0.6681574583053589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185933670","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52105","display_name":"Habitat","level":2,"score":0.6454828977584839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.6048400402069092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29376679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q241741","display_name":"Wildlife","level":2,"score":0.5882736444473267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778234026","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7377","display_name":"Mammal","level":2,"score":0.5254123210906982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90856448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431","display_name":"Zoology","level":1,"score":0.4526035189628601}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/jzo.12723","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jzo.12723","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jzo.12723","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44571845","display_name":"Journal of Zoology","issn_l":"0952-8369","issn":["0952-8369","1469-7998"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Zoology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.7605999708175659,"display_name":"Life on land"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330043","display_name":"Western Sydney University","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1551450276","https://openalex.org/W1586062084","https://openalex.org/W1590141123","https://openalex.org/W1607989116","https://openalex.org/W1714117876","https://openalex.org/W1922305839","https://openalex.org/W1948368313","https://openalex.org/W1972199555","https://openalex.org/W1974121804","https://openalex.org/W1977040052","https://openalex.org/W1978642942","https://openalex.org/W1979636148","https://openalex.org/W1980742832","https://openalex.org/W1995655811","https://openalex.org/W2000732386","https://openalex.org/W2036496640","https://openalex.org/W2037789363","https://openalex.org/W2037968303","https://openalex.org/W2048634006","https://openalex.org/W2052440073","https://openalex.org/W2055612639","https://openalex.org/W2061652294","https://openalex.org/W2063333545","https://openalex.org/W2070207805","https://openalex.org/W2075896624","https://openalex.org/W2077388019","https://openalex.org/W2078487954","https://openalex.org/W2083218282","https://openalex.org/W2086898569","https://openalex.org/W2088920276","https://openalex.org/W2097457358","https://openalex.org/W2101119772","https://openalex.org/W2104412236","https://openalex.org/W2105513050","https://openalex.org/W2107249086","https://openalex.org/W2108991910","https://openalex.org/W2120951980","https://openalex.org/W2127403505","https://openalex.org/W2133158707","https://openalex.org/W2139827036","https://openalex.org/W2141263297","https://openalex.org/W2153014498","https://openalex.org/W2169874795","https://openalex.org/W2175255979","https://openalex.org/W2183026312","https://openalex.org/W2189780488","https://openalex.org/W2322650855","https://openalex.org/W2419384403","https://openalex.org/W2480058570","https://openalex.org/W2500057522","https://openalex.org/W2538783062","https://openalex.org/W2582743722","https://openalex.org/W2599152025","https://openalex.org/W2610678537","https://openalex.org/W2792587057","https://openalex.org/W3035302054","https://openalex.org/W4301247481"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4404251399","https://openalex.org/W3083674941","https://openalex.org/W4385324151","https://openalex.org/W4386546859","https://openalex.org/W6908301732","https://openalex.org/W3213338808","https://openalex.org/W6908541324","https://openalex.org/W3165741808","https://openalex.org/W3035565884","https://openalex.org/W2761488845"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Adult":[1],"body":[2,27,135,147,182,189],"size,":[3],"mass":[4,136,192],"and":[5,10,12,17,26,63,112,137,191,205],"condition":[6,28,115,183],"predict":[7],"reproductive":[8],"success":[9],"survival,":[11],"hence":[13],"fitness,":[14],"in":[15,29,47,59,91,113,116,119,140,143,167,169,180,219],"mammals":[16],"many":[18,92],"other":[19],"animals.":[20],"Here,":[21],"we":[22,105],"assessed":[23],"morphological":[24],"variation":[25],"populations":[30],"of":[31,78,94,103,130,159,202,210,216],"the":[32,48,60,83,95,156,214],"red":[33,53,84,170,195],"fox":[34,54,85],"(":[35,126],"Vulpes":[36],"vulpes":[37],")":[38],"along":[39],"an":[40,165],"urban":[41,69,89,117,141,157,221],"to":[42,197],"natural":[43,120,145],"land":[44],"use":[45],"gradient":[46],"Sydney":[49,160],"region,":[50],"Australia.":[51],"The":[52],"was":[55],"introduced":[56],"into":[57],"Australia":[58],"mid\u201019th":[61],"century":[62],"is":[64],"a":[65,74,199,223],"recent":[66],"but":[67,179],"successful":[68],"adapter":[70],"as":[71,73,206],"well":[72],"highly":[75],"effective":[76],"predator":[77],"na\u00efve":[79],"native":[80,217],"species.":[81],"As":[82],"has":[86],"successfully":[87],"invaded":[88],"environments":[90],"parts":[93],"world":[96],"where":[97],"it":[98],"readily":[99],"exploits":[100],"anthropogenic":[101],"sources":[102],"food,":[104],"hypothesized":[106],"that":[107,124,163,173,225],"individuals":[108,125,174],"should":[109],"be":[110,209],"larger":[111,134,177],"better":[114],"than":[118,142],"habitats.":[121],"We":[122],"found":[123],"N":[127],"=":[128],"135)":[129],"both":[131],"sexes":[132],"had":[133],"skeletal":[138],"measurements":[139],"more":[144],"habitats;":[146],"condition,":[148],"by":[149],"contrast,":[150],"showed":[151],"no":[152],"consistent":[153],"variation.":[154],"Thus,":[155],"environment":[158],"provides":[161],"conditions":[162],"favour":[164],"increase":[166],"size":[168,190],"foxes":[171,196],"so":[172],"are":[175],"now":[176],"than,":[178],"similar":[181],"as,":[184],"their":[185],"non\u2010urban":[186],"counterparts.":[187],"Increased":[188],"may":[193],"enable":[194],"hunt":[198],"broader":[200],"array":[201],"prey":[203],"species,":[204],"such":[207],"would":[208],"added":[211],"concern":[212],"for":[213],"management":[215],"wildlife":[218],"Australia's":[220],"environments,":[222],"possibility":[224],"warrants":[226],"further":[227],"investigation.":[228]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2019-08-29T00:00:00"}