{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2969489093","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2019-318404","title":"Update on lactose malabsorption and intolerance: pathogenesis, diagnosis and clinical management","display_name":"Update on lactose malabsorption and intolerance: pathogenesis, diagnosis and clinical management","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-08-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2969489093","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2019-318404","mag":"2969489093","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31427404","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6839734"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2019-318404","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2019-318404","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2019-318404","pdf_url":"https://gut.bmj.com/content/gutjnl/68/11/2080.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3251770","display_name":"Gut","issn_l":"0017-5749","issn":["0017-5749","1468-3288"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319945","host_organization_name":"BMJ","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BMJ"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Gut","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","datacite","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://gut.bmj.com/content/gutjnl/68/11/2080.full.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054681942","display_name":"Benjamin Misselwitz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8719-5175","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8719-5175"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801112126","display_name":"University Hospital of Bern","ror":"https://ror.org/01q9sj412","country_code":"CH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801112126"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benjamin Misselwitz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital Bern, Bern, Switzerland","Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine","Inselspital Bern"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8719-5175","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital Bern, Bern, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801112126"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inselspital Bern","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801112126"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111796536","display_name":"Matthias Butter","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100468","display_name":"University Hospital Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/01462r250","country_code":"CH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100468"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthias Butter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Z\u00fcrich, Zurich, Switzerland","Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology","University Hospital Z\u00fcrich"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Z\u00fcrich, Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100468"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Hospital Z\u00fcrich","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100468"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042026584","display_name":"Kristin Verbeke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5352-7565","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5352-7565"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kristin Verbeke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","Clinical and Experimental Medicine","University of Leuven"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinical and Experimental Medicine","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Leuven","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066683460","display_name":"Mark R. Fox","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4394-5584","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4394-5584"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100468","display_name":"University Hospital Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/01462r250","country_code":"CH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100468"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mark R Fox","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Z\u00fcrich, Zurich, Switzerland","Digestive Function: Basel, Laboratory and Clinic for motility disorders and functional GI diseases, Center for integrative Gastroenterology, Klinik Arlesheim, Arlesheim, Switzerland","Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology","Digestive Function: Basel, Laboratory and Clinic for motility disorders and functional GI diseases, Center for integrative Gastroenterology","Klinik Arlesheim","University Hospital Z\u00fcrich"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4394-5584","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Z\u00fcrich, Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100468"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digestive Function: Basel, Laboratory and Clinic for motility disorders and functional GI diseases, Center for integrative Gastroenterology, Klinik Arlesheim, Arlesheim, Switzerland","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Digestive Function: Basel, Laboratory and Clinic for motility disorders and functional GI diseases, Center for integrative Gastroenterology","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Klinik Arlesheim","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Hospital Z\u00fcrich","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100468"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5066683460"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100468"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.5688,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":427,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98901099,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"68","issue":"11","first_page":"2080","last_page":"2091"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13199","display_name":"Digestive system and related health","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2715","display_name":"Gastroenterology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13199","display_name":"Digestive system and related health","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2715","display_name":"Gastroenterology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10365","display_name":"Gastrointestinal motility and disorders","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2715","display_name":"Gastroenterology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12489","display_name":"Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lactose-malabsorption","display_name":"lactose malabsorption","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lactose-intolerance","display_name":"lactose intolerance","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lactase-deficiency","display_name":"lactase deficiency","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lactase-persistence","display_name":"lactase persistence","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secondary-lactase-deficiency","display_name":"secondary lactase deficiency","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visceral-hypersensitivity","display_name":"visceral hypersensitivity","score":0.7620000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/irritable-bowel-syndrome","display_name":"irritable bowel syndrome","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gut-microbiota","display_name":"gut microbiota","score":0.7639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lactose-digestion","display_name":"lactose digestion","score":0.5979999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dietary-intervention","display_name":"dietary intervention","score":0.5249999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prebiotics","display_name":"prebiotics","score":0.8880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abdominal-symptoms","display_name":"abdominal symptoms","score":0.4399999976158142}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777432071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219223","display_name":"Lactose intolerance","level":3,"score":0.9249958992004395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780439177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1442923","display_name":"Malabsorption","level":2,"score":0.8952435255050659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780942790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q372016","display_name":"Pathogenesis","level":2,"score":0.7144854664802551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908541216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1442923","display_name":"Malabsorption syndromes","level":3,"score":0.7128517627716064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.657490074634552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90924648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120569","display_name":"Gastroenterology","level":1,"score":0.552250862121582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778724459","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127900","display_name":"Lactose","level":2,"score":0.47690367698669434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.428876131772995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.4258959889411926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60644358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570","display_name":"Bioinformatics","level":1,"score":0.3273492455482483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.149867981672287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.11388105154037476}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007787","descriptor_name":"Lactose Intolerance","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007787","descriptor_name":"Lactose Intolerance","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007787","descriptor_name":"Lactose Intolerance","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008286","descriptor_name":"Malabsorption Syndromes","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008286","descriptor_name":"Malabsorption Syndromes","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008286","descriptor_name":"Malabsorption Syndromes","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":10,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2019-318404","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2019-318404","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2019-318404","pdf_url":"https://gut.bmj.com/content/gutjnl/68/11/2080.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3251770","display_name":"Gut","issn_l":"0017-5749","issn":["0017-5749","1468-3288"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319945","host_organization_name":"BMJ","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BMJ"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Gut","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6839734","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6839734","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Gut","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:31427404","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31427404","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Gut","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.zora.uzh.ch:181130","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/181130/1/2080.full.pdf","pdf_url":"https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/181130/1/2080.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401281","display_name":"Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I202697423","host_organization_name":"University of Zurich","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202697423"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Misselwitz, Benjamin; Butter, Matthias; Verbeke, Kristin; Fox, Mark R (2019). Update on lactose malabsorption and intolerance: pathogenesis, diagnosis and clinical management. Gut, 68(11):2080-2091.","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lirias2repo.kuleuven.be:20.500.12942/703553","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/20.500.12942/703553","pdf_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/retrieve/23683df5-734f-454e-87d1-dfec8c048033","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055369","display_name":"Lirias","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Gut, vol. 68 (11), (2080-2091)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:doi:10.7892/boris.138226","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://boris-portal.unibe.ch/handle/20.500.12422/185576","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},{"id":"pmh:oai:boris.unibe.ch:138226","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://boris.unibe.ch/138226/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401086","display_name":"Bern Open Repository and Information System (University of Bern)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I118564535","host_organization_name":"University of Bern","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Misselwitz, Benjamin; Butter, Matthias; Verbeke, Kristin; Fox, Mark R (2019). Update on lactose malabsorption and intolerance: pathogenesis, diagnosis and clinical management. Gut, 68(11), pp. 2080-2091. BMJ Publishing Group 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-318404 &lt;http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2019-318404&gt;","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:open-archive.highwire.org:gutjnl:68/11/2080","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://gut.bmj.com/cgi/content/short/68/11/2080","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406923041","display_name":"HighWire Press Open Archive","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"TEXT"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.zora.uzh.ch:20.500.14742/165289","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.zora.uzh.ch/handle/20.500.14742/165289","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401281","display_name":"Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I202697423","host_organization_name":"University of Zurich","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202697423"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Misselwitz, B., Butter, M., Verbeke, K., & Fox, M. R. (2019). Update on lactose malabsorption and intolerance: pathogenesis, diagnosis and clinical management. Gut, 68, 2080\u20132091. https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2019-318404","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"doi:10.5167/uzh-181130","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-181130","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-181130","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401281","display_name":"Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I202697423","host_organization_name":"University of Zurich","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202697423"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2019-318404","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2019-318404","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2019-318404","pdf_url":"https://gut.bmj.com/content/gutjnl/68/11/2080.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3251770","display_name":"Gut","issn_l":"0017-5749","issn":["0017-5749","1468-3288"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319945","host_organization_name":"BMJ","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BMJ"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Gut","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9922999739646912,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2969489093.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2969489093.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":96,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1267815699","https://openalex.org/W1508041490","https://openalex.org/W1544422657","https://openalex.org/W1578306466","https://openalex.org/W1597889671","https://openalex.org/W1634166831","https://openalex.org/W1756748146","https://openalex.org/W1793035576","https://openalex.org/W1877561304","https://openalex.org/W1946152840","https://openalex.org/W1948266836","https://openalex.org/W1962625267","https://openalex.org/W1965218239","https://openalex.org/W1971035905","https://openalex.org/W1972108885","https://openalex.org/W1974643855","https://openalex.org/W1977802498","https://openalex.org/W1983873369","https://openalex.org/W1992676701","https://openalex.org/W2001722477","https://openalex.org/W2009032448","https://openalex.org/W2010666779","https://openalex.org/W2020195330","https://openalex.org/W2025879425","https://openalex.org/W2032921881","https://openalex.org/W2053767334","https://openalex.org/W2054494835","https://openalex.org/W2056482049","https://openalex.org/W2059523932","https://openalex.org/W2063317846","https://openalex.org/W2069507800","https://openalex.org/W2079284289","https://openalex.org/W2079987062","https://openalex.org/W2083545762","https://openalex.org/W2095079590","https://openalex.org/W2098496957","https://openalex.org/W2106629708","https://openalex.org/W2107665223","https://openalex.org/W2110814663","https://openalex.org/W2119224740","https://openalex.org/W2120133312","https://openalex.org/W2120979046","https://openalex.org/W2123762191","https://openalex.org/W2142455021","https://openalex.org/W2145170137","https://openalex.org/W2152469921","https://openalex.org/W2155620449","https://openalex.org/W2157275283","https://openalex.org/W2158980446","https://openalex.org/W2166001320","https://openalex.org/W2166520529","https://openalex.org/W2174107311","https://openalex.org/W2177180777","https://openalex.org/W2202949544","https://openalex.org/W2233278391","https://openalex.org/W2260767256","https://openalex.org/W2270933824","https://openalex.org/W2282083000","https://openalex.org/W2307953924","https://openalex.org/W2308840543","https://openalex.org/W2311425263","https://openalex.org/W2345650612","https://openalex.org/W2360231252","https://openalex.org/W2402877642","https://openalex.org/W2406491147","https://openalex.org/W2406864133","https://openalex.org/W2410294375","https://openalex.org/W2460890813","https://openalex.org/W2514224514","https://openalex.org/W2514659257","https://openalex.org/W2526405704","https://openalex.org/W2528524934","https://openalex.org/W2560913227","https://openalex.org/W2563601998","https://openalex.org/W2580157760","https://openalex.org/W2589294865","https://openalex.org/W2589886432","https://openalex.org/W2601950088","https://openalex.org/W2607218014","https://openalex.org/W2608947269","https://openalex.org/W2611069262","https://openalex.org/W2612402484","https://openalex.org/W2612888945","https://openalex.org/W2613503171","https://openalex.org/W2622838038","https://openalex.org/W2730385850","https://openalex.org/W2732366253","https://openalex.org/W2732443540","https://openalex.org/W2776540041","https://openalex.org/W2778754627","https://openalex.org/W2793459212","https://openalex.org/W2806190750","https://openalex.org/W2884024979","https://openalex.org/W2897121834","https://openalex.org/W2946372752","https://openalex.org/W2951880398"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2107665223","https://openalex.org/W101633718","https://openalex.org/W4312640532","https://openalex.org/W2066679607","https://openalex.org/W3134926564","https://openalex.org/W2552317158","https://openalex.org/W127585804","https://openalex.org/W2066933446","https://openalex.org/W4287548277","https://openalex.org/W1946152840"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Lactose":[0,83,124],"is":[1,41,68,127,216,239,243],"the":[2,24,30,42,46,56,77,98,117,121,130,156,162,177,187],"main":[3],"source":[4],"of":[5,23,62,90,120,132,152,166,186,213,219,236,246,249],"calories":[6],"in":[7,17,26,36,55,65,97],"milk,":[8],"an":[9,146],"essential":[10],"nutriedigestion,":[11],"patients":[12,169],"with":[13,148,170,174],"visceral":[14,171],"hypersensitivity":[15,172],"nt":[16],"infancy":[18],"and":[19,53,105,140,161,195,200,210],"a":[20,71,247],"key":[21],"part":[22],"diet":[25],"populations":[27],"that":[28,48,115],"maintain":[29],"ability":[31],"to":[32,44,87,92,110,192],"digest":[33,93],"this":[34],"disaccharide":[35],"adulthood.":[37],"Lactase":[38],"deficiency":[39],"(LD)":[40],"failure":[43,91],"express":[45],"enzyme":[47],"hydrolyses":[49],"lactose":[50,96,143,157,167,242],"into":[51],"galactose":[52],"glucose":[54],"small":[57,99,122],"intestine.":[58,100],"The":[59,150,203,233],"genetic":[60,104],"mechanism":[61],"lactase":[63,159,225],"persistence":[64],"adult":[66],"Caucasians":[67],"mediated":[69],"by":[70,145,231,257],"single":[72],"C\u2192T":[73],"nucleotide":[74],"polymorphism":[75],"at":[76,183],"LCTbo":[78],"-13'910":[79],"locus":[80],"on":[81,155],"chromosome-2.":[82],"malabsorption":[84],"(LM)":[85],"refers":[86],"any":[88],"cause":[89,255],"and/or":[94],"absorb":[95],"This":[101],"includes":[102],"primary":[103],"also":[106],"secondary":[107],"LD":[108],"due":[109],"infection":[111],"or":[112,176],"other":[113],"conditions":[114],"affect":[116],"mucosal":[118],"integrity":[119],"bowel.":[123],"intolerance":[125],"(LI)":[126],"defined":[128],"as":[129,136],"onset":[131],"abdominal":[133,137],"symptoms":[134,256],"such":[135],"pain,":[138],"bloating":[139],"diarrhoea":[141],"after":[142],"ingestion":[144],"individual":[147],"LM.":[149],"likelihood":[151],"LI":[153,196,220],"depends":[154],"dose,":[158],"expression":[160],"intestinal":[163],"microbiome.":[164],"Independent":[165],"digestion,":[168],"associated":[173],"anxiety":[175],"Irritable":[178],"Bowel":[179],"Syndrome":[180],"(IBS)":[181],"are":[182],"increased":[184],"risk":[185],"condition.":[188],"Diagnostic":[189],"investigations":[190],"available":[191],"diagnose":[193],"LM":[194],"include":[197,222],"genetic,":[198],"endoscopic":[199],"physiological":[201],"tests.":[202],"association":[204],"between":[205],"self-reported":[206],"LI,":[207],"objective":[208],"findings":[209],"clinical":[211,234],"outcome":[212,235],"dietary":[214],"intervention":[215],"variable.":[217],"Treatment":[218],"can":[221,254],"low-lactose":[223],"diet,":[224],"supplementation":[226],"and,":[227],"potentially,":[228],"colonic":[229],"adaptation":[230],"prebiotics.":[232],"these":[237],"treatments":[238],"modest,":[240],"because":[241],"just":[244],"one":[245],"number":[248],"poorly":[250],"absorbed":[251],"carbohydrates":[252],"which":[253],"similar":[258],"mechanisms.":[259]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":70},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":65},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":69},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":58},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":60},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":65},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2019-08-29T00:00:00"}
