{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2968533460","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2019.2935916","title":"mDixon-Based Synthetic CT Generation for PET Attenuation Correction on Abdomen and Pelvis Jointly Using Transfer Fuzzy Clustering and Active Learning-Based Classification","display_name":"mDixon-Based Synthetic CT Generation for PET Attenuation Correction on Abdomen and Pelvis Jointly Using Transfer Fuzzy Clustering and Active Learning-Based Classification","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-08-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2968533460","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2019.2935916","mag":"2968533460","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31425065","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7284852"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmi.2019.2935916","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2019.2935916","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2019.2935916","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58069681","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","issn_l":"0278-0062","issn":["0278-0062","1558-254X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["ccf-b","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7284852/","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018829722","display_name":"Pengjiang Qian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5596-3694","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5596-3694"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111599522","display_name":"Jiangnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mkzax54","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pengjiang Qian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Media Design and Software Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China","School of Digital Media, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5596-3694","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Media Design and Software Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Digital Media, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100760190","display_name":"Yang\u2010Yang Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0136-0174","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0136-0174"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111599522","display_name":"Jiangnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mkzax54","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yangyang Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Media Design and Software Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China","School of Digital Media, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Media Design and Software Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Digital Media, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074149574","display_name":"Jung\u2010Wen Kuo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799343972","display_name":"University Hospitals of Cleveland","ror":"https://ror.org/0130jk839","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799343972"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58956616","display_name":"Case Western Reserve University","ror":"https://ror.org/051fd9666","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jung-Wen Kuo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA","Department of Radiology University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799343972","https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100434437","display_name":"Yudong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4870-1493","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4870-1493","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5977-9405"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153648349","display_name":"University of Leicester","ror":"https://ror.org/04h699437","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153648349"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu-Dong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics, University of Leicester, Leicester, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, University of Leicester, Leicester, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153648349"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068828491","display_name":"Yizhang Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4558-9803","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4558-9803"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111599522","display_name":"Jiangnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mkzax54","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yizhang Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Media Design and Software Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China","School of Digital Media, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Media Design and Software Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Digital Media, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101491001","display_name":"Kaifa Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3102-7498","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3102-7498"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111599522","display_name":"Jiangnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mkzax54","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kaifa Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Media Design and Software Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China","School of Digital Media, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Media Design and Software Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Digital Media, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091061730","display_name":"Rose Al Helo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1324-8710","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1324-8710"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799343972","display_name":"University Hospitals of Cleveland","ror":"https://ror.org/0130jk839","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799343972"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58956616","display_name":"Case Western Reserve University","ror":"https://ror.org/051fd9666","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rose Al Helo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA","Department of Radiology University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799343972","https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053938835","display_name":"Harry T. Friel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0399-9641","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0399-9641"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harry Friel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Philips Healthcare, Cleveland, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Philips Healthcare, Cleveland, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054274054","display_name":"Atallah Baydoun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0244-5583","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0244-5583"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110978","display_name":"Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01vrybr67","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210110978","https://openalex.org/I4210127612"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58956616","display_name":"Case Western Reserve University","ror":"https://ror.org/051fd9666","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Atallah Baydoun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA","Department of Internal Medicine, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Internal Medicine, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110978"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040469982","display_name":"Feifei Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9414-6240","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9414-6240","https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3403-0162"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799343972","display_name":"University Hospitals of Cleveland","ror":"https://ror.org/0130jk839","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799343972"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58956616","display_name":"Case Western Reserve University","ror":"https://ror.org/051fd9666","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feifei Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA","Department of Radiology University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799343972","https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084742529","display_name":"Jin Uk Heo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9644-202X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9644-202X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58956616","display_name":"Case Western Reserve University","ror":"https://ror.org/051fd9666","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin Uk Heo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030148607","display_name":"Norbert E. Avril","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2380-588X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2380-588X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799343972","display_name":"University Hospitals of Cleveland","ror":"https://ror.org/0130jk839","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799343972"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58956616","display_name":"Case Western Reserve University","ror":"https://ror.org/051fd9666","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Norbert Avril","raw_affiliation_strings":["Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA","Department of Radiology University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799343972","https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110040615","display_name":"Karin Anna Herrmann","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108791","display_name":"University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01gc0wp38","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799343972","https://openalex.org/I4210108791"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karin Herrmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108791"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090754156","display_name":"Rodney J. Ellis","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799343972","display_name":"University Hospitals of Cleveland","ror":"https://ror.org/0130jk839","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799343972"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108791","display_name":"University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01gc0wp38","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799343972","https://openalex.org/I4210108791"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405268258","display_name":"Penn State Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00bzx1854","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405268258"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82783531","display_name":"Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01h22ap11","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82783531"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rodney Ellis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiation Oncology, Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey, USA","Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405268258","https://openalex.org/I82783531"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799343972","https://openalex.org/I4210108791"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026445761","display_name":"Bryan J. Traughber","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7391-6517","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7391-6517"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110978","display_name":"Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01vrybr67","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210110978","https://openalex.org/I4210127612"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119077","display_name":"University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02kb97560","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799343972","https://openalex.org/I4210119077"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58956616","display_name":"Case Western Reserve University","ror":"https://ror.org/051fd9666","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bryan Traughber","raw_affiliation_strings":["Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA","Department of Radiation Oncology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA","Department of Radiation Oncology, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, USA","Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Cleveland, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110978"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Cleveland, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119077"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Robert S. Jones","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108791","display_name":"University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01gc0wp38","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799343972","https://openalex.org/I4210108791"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert S. Jones","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108791"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003183751","display_name":"Shitong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8393-6554","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8393-6554"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111599522","display_name":"Jiangnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mkzax54","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shitong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Media Design and Software Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China","School of Digital Media, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Media Design and Software Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Digital Media, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019788988","display_name":"Kuan\u2010Hao Su","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4065-7459","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4065-7459"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799343972","display_name":"University Hospitals of Cleveland","ror":"https://ror.org/0130jk839","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799343972"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58956616","display_name":"Case Western Reserve University","ror":"https://ror.org/051fd9666","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kuan-Hao Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA","Department of Radiology University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799343972","https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075171975","display_name":"Raymond F. Muzic","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9986-4674","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9986-4674"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799343972","display_name":"University Hospitals of Cleveland","ror":"https://ror.org/0130jk839","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799343972"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58956616","display_name":"Case Western Reserve University","ror":"https://ror.org/051fd9666","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raymond F. Muzic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA","Department of Radiology University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9986-4674","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58956616"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799343972","https://openalex.org/I58956616"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2045,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2045},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.2732,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":64,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97287732,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"39","issue":"4","first_page":"819","last_page":"832"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10522","display_name":"Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications","score":0.7685999870300293,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10522","display_name":"Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications","score":0.7685999870300293,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10378","display_name":"Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications","score":0.16769999265670776,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.019999999552965164,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-ct-generation","display_name":"synthetic CT generation","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pet-attenuation-correction","display_name":"PET attenuation correction","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pet-mr","display_name":"PET/MR","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tissue-classification","display_name":"tissue classification","score":0.4749999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/standardized-uptake-value","display_name":"standardized uptake value","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-learning","display_name":"transfer learning","score":0.5249999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parameter-robustness","display_name":"parameter robustness","score":0.42800000309944153}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6760528683662415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6007717847824097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.5629795789718628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54170458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q663554","display_name":"Voxel","level":2,"score":0.5194915533065796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184652730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2357982","display_name":"Attenuation","level":2,"score":0.4628998041152954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150899416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820378","display_name":"Transfer of learning","level":2,"score":0.45647791028022766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160920958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7662746","display_name":"Synthetic data","level":2,"score":0.42032191157341003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.41176488995552063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.39611607789993286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.32940900325775146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0844452977180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000005","descriptor_name":"Abdomen","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010388","descriptor_name":"Pelvis","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014057","descriptor_name":"Tomography, X-Ray Computed","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016000","descriptor_name":"Cluster Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017143","descriptor_name":"Fuzzy Logic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049268","descriptor_name":"Positron-Emission Tomography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D060388","descriptor_name":"Support Vector Machine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tmi.2019.2935916","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2019.2935916","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2019.2935916","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58069681","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","issn_l":"0278-0062","issn":["0278-0062","1558-254X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["ccf-b","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:31425065","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31425065","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on medical imaging","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7284852","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7284852/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Trans Med Imaging","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7284852","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7284852/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Trans Med Imaging","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9391000270843506,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2532572552","display_name":"\u591a\u6a21\u6001\u533b\u5b66\u6210\u50cf\u5f15\u5bfc\u7cbe\u51c6\u653e\u7597\u4e2d\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u77e5\u8bc6\u534f\u540c\u4e0e\u8de8\u57df\u77e5\u8bc6\u501f\u9274\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76\u53ca\u9a8c\u8bc1","funder_award_id":"61772241","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2841821097","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BK 20160187","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5157061891","display_name":"Accurate MR-based PET Attenuation Correction for Quantitative Clinical Trials","funder_award_id":"R01CA196687","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G791296218","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61702225","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8826667005","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016-XYDXXJS-014","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326182","funder_display_name":"Six Talent Peaks Project in Jiangsu Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322769","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326182","display_name":"Six Talent Peaks Project in Jiangsu Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":67,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W944333893","https://openalex.org/W1148496451","https://openalex.org/W1530341037","https://openalex.org/W1540155273","https://openalex.org/W1965348610","https://openalex.org/W1969750491","https://openalex.org/W1969993716","https://openalex.org/W1971098086","https://openalex.org/W1976225446","https://openalex.org/W1980076601","https://openalex.org/W1981166908","https://openalex.org/W1981552604","https://openalex.org/W1984473052","https://openalex.org/W1991035308","https://openalex.org/W1995450389","https://openalex.org/W2002129123","https://openalex.org/W2006162458","https://openalex.org/W2010471759","https://openalex.org/W2015134308","https://openalex.org/W2016451441","https://openalex.org/W2019171399","https://openalex.org/W2021177063","https://openalex.org/W2035397698","https://openalex.org/W2037425560","https://openalex.org/W2043626403","https://openalex.org/W2044967973","https://openalex.org/W2045415729","https://openalex.org/W2047151644","https://openalex.org/W2047690090","https://openalex.org/W2058024426","https://openalex.org/W2080056320","https://openalex.org/W2084851806","https://openalex.org/W2091775381","https://openalex.org/W2093120220","https://openalex.org/W2102629716","https://openalex.org/W2108859253","https://openalex.org/W2110260072","https://openalex.org/W2112276316","https://openalex.org/W2117337704","https://openalex.org/W2128835815","https://openalex.org/W2142082007","https://openalex.org/W2142520634","https://openalex.org/W2154346707","https://openalex.org/W2155319834","https://openalex.org/W2158207287","https://openalex.org/W2165698076","https://openalex.org/W2167157872","https://openalex.org/W2311671475","https://openalex.org/W2345189929","https://openalex.org/W2463848034","https://openalex.org/W2467603620","https://openalex.org/W2488612839","https://openalex.org/W2493869572","https://openalex.org/W2500751094","https://openalex.org/W2580163862","https://openalex.org/W2582833977","https://openalex.org/W2607711656","https://openalex.org/W2618241468","https://openalex.org/W2738964522","https://openalex.org/W2754132686","https://openalex.org/W2758602683","https://openalex.org/W2765429622","https://openalex.org/W2773119425","https://openalex.org/W2808597956","https://openalex.org/W2884707216","https://openalex.org/W3104887532","https://openalex.org/W4246226690"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3036694694","https://openalex.org/W3043590204","https://openalex.org/W3011054313","https://openalex.org/W4415255104","https://openalex.org/W2943906231","https://openalex.org/W2971470434","https://openalex.org/W4410334183","https://openalex.org/W3160098307","https://openalex.org/W2891002342","https://openalex.org/W2597280008"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"propose":[1],"a":[2,96,103,131],"new":[3],"method":[4,134,236,310,327,369],"for":[5,21,62,113,145,370],"generating":[6],"synthetic":[7,17,70,146,173,263,372],"CT":[8,18,71,147,174,249,264,373],"images":[9,94,101],"from":[10,95,283],"modified":[11],"Dixon":[12,383],"(mDixon)":[13],"MR":[14,34,77,93,138,193,251],"data.":[15],"The":[16,160],"is":[19,45,165,169,299],"used":[20],"attenuation":[22],"correction":[23],"(AC)":[24],"when":[25],"reconstructing":[26],"PET":[27,333],"data":[28,282],"on":[29,181,280,375],"abdomen":[30,184,376],"and":[31,56,84,140,153,204,229,242,250,312,324,347,377],"pelvis.":[32],"While":[33],"does":[35],"not":[36,260],"intrinsically":[37],"contain":[38],"any":[39],"information":[40],"about":[41],"photon":[42],"attenuation,":[43],"AC":[44],"needed":[46],"in":[47,50,64,102,111,120,179,331],"PET/MR":[48],"systems":[49],"order":[51],"to":[52,57,100,224,354],"be":[53],"quantitatively":[54],"accurate":[55],"meet":[58],"qualification":[59],"standards":[60],"required":[61],"use":[63,75,89,180],"many":[65],"multi-center":[66],"trials.":[67],"Existing":[68],"MR-based":[69],"generation":[72,175,265,374],"methods":[73,144,177],"either":[74],"advanced":[76,141],"sequences":[78],"that":[79,122,135,340],"have":[80,123],"long":[81],"acquisition":[82,139],"time":[83],"limited":[85],"clinical":[86,274],"availability":[87],"or":[88,356],"matching":[90],"of":[91,105,116,162,171,289,336,365],"the":[92,114,182,197,234,239,246,277,286,290,303,307,313,317,332,343,351,363,371,381],"newly":[97],"scanned":[98],"subject":[99],"library":[104],"MR-CT":[106],"pairs":[107],"which":[108,271,298],"has":[109],"difficulty":[110],"accounting":[112],"diversity":[115],"human":[117],"anatomy":[118],"especially":[119],"patients":[121],"pathologies.":[124],"To":[125],"address":[126],"these":[127,337],"deficiencies,":[128],"we":[129],"present":[130],"five-phase":[132],"interlinked":[133],"uses":[136],"mDixon":[137],"machine":[142],"learning":[143],"generation.":[148],"Both":[149],"transfer":[150,208],"fuzzy":[151],"clustering":[152],"active":[154],"learning-based":[155],"classification":[156],"(TFC-ALC)":[157],"are":[158],"used.":[159],"significance":[161],"our":[163,366],"efforts":[164],"fourfold:":[166],"1)":[167],"TFC-ALC":[168,235,258,341],"capable":[170],"better":[172,301],"than":[176,302],"currently":[178],"challenging":[183],"using":[185,215,306,316,379],"only":[186,261,380],"common":[187],"Dixon-based":[188],"scanning.":[189],"2)":[190],"TFC":[191],"partitions":[192],"voxels":[194],"initially":[195],"into":[196],"four":[198],"groups":[199],"regarding":[200,245],"fat,":[201,323],"bone,":[202,227],"air,":[203,228],"soft":[205,230,325],"tissue":[206],"via":[207],"learning;":[209],"ALC":[210],"can":[211,348],"learn":[212],"insightful":[213],"classifiers,":[214],"as":[216,222],"few":[217],"but":[218,266],"informative":[219],"labeled":[220],"examples":[221],"possible":[223],"precisely":[225],"distinguish":[226],"tissue.":[231],"Combining":[232],"them,":[233],"successfully":[237],"overcomes":[238],"inherent":[240],"imperfection":[241],"potential":[243],"uncertainty":[244],"co-registration":[247],"between":[248],"images.":[252],"3)":[253],"Compared":[254],"with":[255],"existing":[256],"methods,":[257],"features":[259],"preferable":[262],"also":[267],"improved":[268],"parameter":[269],"robustness,":[270],"facilitates":[272],"its":[273],"practicability.":[275],"Applying":[276],"proposed":[278,367],"approach":[279],"mDixon-MR":[281],"ten":[284],"subjects,":[285],"average":[287],"score":[288],"mean":[291],"absolute":[292],"prediction":[293],"deviation":[294],"(MAPD)":[295],"was":[296],"89.78\u00b18.76":[297],"significantly":[300],"133.17\u00b19.67":[304],"obtained":[305,315],"all-water":[308],"(AW)":[309],"(p=4.11E-9)":[311],"104.97\u00b110.03":[314],"four-cluster-partitioning":[318],"(FCP,":[319],"i.e.,":[320],"external-air,":[321],"internal-air,":[322],"tissue)":[326],"(p=0.002).":[328],"4)":[329],"Experiments":[330],"SUV":[334,345,352],"errors":[335,353],"approaches":[338],"show":[339],"achieves":[342],"highest":[344],"accuracy":[346],"generally":[349],"reduce":[350],"5%":[355],"less.":[357],"These":[358],"experimental":[359],"results":[360],"distinctively":[361],"demonstrate":[362],"effectiveness":[364],"TFCALC":[368],"pelvis":[378],"commonly-available":[382],"pulse":[384],"sequence.":[385]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2019-08-22T00:00:00"}