{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2967331007","doi":null,"title":"\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u064219\u0645.","display_name":"\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u064219\u0645.","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-12-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2967331007","mag":"2967331007"},"language":"ar","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2967331007","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.asjp.cerist.dz/en/article/95665","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306536981","display_name":"\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069027549","display_name":"\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143936627","display_name":"University of Bechar","ror":"https://ror.org/035145p50","country_code":"DZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143936627"]}],"countries":["DZ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631","raw_affiliation_strings":["\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e/ \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0627\u0631"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e/ \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0627\u0631","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143936627"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069027549"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143936627"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.51682077,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"2","first_page":"261","last_page":"276"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12585","display_name":"North African History and Literature","score":0.9301999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12585","display_name":"North African History and Literature","score":0.9301999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14395","display_name":"African history and culture studies","score":0.011099999770522118,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10794","display_name":"Islamic Studies and History","score":0.008700000122189522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causes-of-failure","display_name":"failure causes","score":0.5809999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algerian-war","display_name":"Algerian War","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/french-colonialism","display_name":"French colonialism","score":0.48399999737739563}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.31404030323028564}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2967331007","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.asjp.cerist.dz/en/article/95665","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306536981","display_name":"\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.5473999977111816,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2788950708","https://openalex.org/W2776641743","https://openalex.org/W3159724441","https://openalex.org/W2781935994","https://openalex.org/W4414959100","https://openalex.org/W2884739241","https://openalex.org/W2794872659","https://openalex.org/W3217549923","https://openalex.org/W2954571552","https://openalex.org/W4254888250"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-10-10T17:16:08.811792","created_date":"2019-08-22T00:00:00"}