{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2964649534","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w26117","title":"Firms and Collective Reputation: a Study of the Volkswagen Emissions Scandal","display_name":"Firms and Collective Reputation: a Study of the Volkswagen Emissions Scandal","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2964649534","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w26117","mag":"2964649534"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3386/w26117","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w26117","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w26117","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w26117","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2809516038","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322614461"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Bureau of Economic Research"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","raw_type":"report"},"volume":null,"type":"report","is_traditional":false,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w26117","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023475189","display_name":"Ruediger Bachmann","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102272798","display_name":"INSEAD","ror":"https://ror.org/00ghzk478","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102272798"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107639228","display_name":"University of Notre Dame","ror":"https://ror.org/00mkhxb43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321305853","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04grmx538","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75027704","display_name":"University of Tennessee at Knoxville","ror":"https://ror.org/020f3ap87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}],"countries":["FR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruediger Bachmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge , MA 02138","Boulevard de Constance INSEAD 77305 Fontainebleau France","Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics University of Tennessee Morgan Hall 310A 37996","Department of Economics University of Michigan 611 Tappan St Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1220","Department of Economics University of Michigan 611 Tappan Street Ann Arbor, MI 48109 and","Department of Economics University of Notre Dame Notre Dame, IN 46556","NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138","NBER Working Paper No. 26117"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge , MA 02138","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boulevard de Constance INSEAD 77305 Fontainebleau France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102272798"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics University of Tennessee Morgan Hall 310A 37996","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics University of Michigan 611 Tappan St Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1220","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics University of Michigan 611 Tappan Street Ann Arbor, MI 48109 and","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics University of Notre Dame Notre Dame, IN 46556","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NBER Working Paper No. 26117","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004952739","display_name":"Gabriel M. Ehrlich","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5500-6608","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5500-6608"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102272798","display_name":"INSEAD","ror":"https://ror.org/00ghzk478","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102272798"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107639228","display_name":"University of Notre Dame","ror":"https://ror.org/00mkhxb43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321305853","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04grmx538","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75027704","display_name":"University of Tennessee at Knoxville","ror":"https://ror.org/020f3ap87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}],"countries":["FR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gabriel Ehrlich","raw_affiliation_strings":["OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge , MA 02138","Boulevard de Constance INSEAD 77305 Fontainebleau France","Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics University of Tennessee Morgan Hall 310A 37996","Department of Economics University of Michigan 611 Tappan St Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1220","Department of Economics University of Michigan 611 Tappan Street Ann Arbor, MI 48109 and","Department of Economics University of Notre Dame Notre Dame, IN 46556","NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138","NBER Working Paper No. 26117"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge , MA 02138","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boulevard de Constance INSEAD 77305 Fontainebleau France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102272798"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics University of Tennessee Morgan Hall 310A 37996","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics University of Michigan 611 Tappan St Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1220","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics University of Michigan 611 Tappan Street Ann Arbor, MI 48109 and","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics University of Notre Dame Notre Dame, IN 46556","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NBER Working Paper No. 26117","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047457262","display_name":"Ying Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4147-9594","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4147-9594"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102272798","display_name":"INSEAD","ror":"https://ror.org/00ghzk478","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102272798"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107639228","display_name":"University of Notre Dame","ror":"https://ror.org/00mkhxb43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321305853","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04grmx538","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75027704","display_name":"University of Tennessee at Knoxville","ror":"https://ror.org/020f3ap87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}],"countries":["FR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge , MA 02138","Boulevard de Constance INSEAD 77305 Fontainebleau France","Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics University of Tennessee Morgan Hall 310A 37996","Department of Economics University of Michigan 611 Tappan St Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1220","Department of Economics University of Michigan 611 Tappan Street Ann Arbor, MI 48109 and","Department of Economics University of Notre Dame Notre Dame, IN 46556","NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138","NBER Working Paper No. 26117"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge , MA 02138","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boulevard de Constance INSEAD 77305 Fontainebleau France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102272798"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics University of Tennessee Morgan Hall 310A 37996","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics University of Michigan 611 Tappan St Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1220","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics University of Michigan 611 Tappan Street Ann Arbor, MI 48109 and","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics University of Notre Dame Notre Dame, IN 46556","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NBER Working Paper No. 26117","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037205398","display_name":"Dimitrije Ruzic","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9879-9740","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9879-9740"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102272798","display_name":"INSEAD","ror":"https://ror.org/00ghzk478","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102272798"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107639228","display_name":"University of Notre Dame","ror":"https://ror.org/00mkhxb43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321305853","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04grmx538","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75027704","display_name":"University of Tennessee at Knoxville","ror":"https://ror.org/020f3ap87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}],"countries":["FR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dimitrije Ruzic","raw_affiliation_strings":["OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge , MA 02138","Boulevard de Constance INSEAD 77305 Fontainebleau France","Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics University of Tennessee Morgan Hall 310A 37996","Department of Economics University of Michigan 611 Tappan St Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1220","Department of Economics University of Michigan 611 Tappan Street Ann Arbor, MI 48109 and","Department of Economics University of Notre Dame Notre Dame, IN 46556","NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138","NBER Working Paper No. 26117"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge , MA 02138","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boulevard de Constance INSEAD 77305 Fontainebleau France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102272798"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics University of Tennessee Morgan Hall 310A 37996","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics University of Michigan 611 Tappan St Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1220","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics University of Michigan 611 Tappan Street Ann Arbor, MI 48109 and","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics University of Notre Dame Notre Dame, IN 46556","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NBER Working Paper No. 26117","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066729466","display_name":"Benjamin Leard","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102272798","display_name":"INSEAD","ror":"https://ror.org/00ghzk478","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102272798"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107639228","display_name":"University of Notre Dame","ror":"https://ror.org/00mkhxb43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321305853","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04grmx538","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75027704","display_name":"University of Tennessee at Knoxville","ror":"https://ror.org/020f3ap87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}],"countries":["FR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benjamin Leard","raw_affiliation_strings":["OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge , MA 02138","Boulevard de Constance INSEAD 77305 Fontainebleau France","Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics University of Tennessee Morgan Hall 310A 37996","Department of Economics University of Michigan 611 Tappan St Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1220","Department of Economics University of Michigan 611 Tappan Street Ann Arbor, MI 48109 and","Department of Economics University of Notre Dame Notre Dame, IN 46556","NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138","NBER Working Paper No. 26117"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge , MA 02138","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boulevard de Constance INSEAD 77305 Fontainebleau France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102272798"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics University of Tennessee Morgan Hall 310A 37996","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics University of Michigan 611 Tappan St Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1220","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics University of Michigan 611 Tappan Street Ann Arbor, MI 48109 and","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics University of Notre Dame Notre Dame, IN 46556","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NBER Working Paper No. 26117","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321305853"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12738","display_name":"Corporate Identity and Reputation","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12738","display_name":"Corporate Identity and Reputation","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10145","display_name":"Consumer Behavior in Brand Consumption and Identification","score":0.0026000000070780516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11161","display_name":"Consumer Market Behavior and Pricing","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collective-reputation","display_name":"collective reputation","score":0.800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/volkswagen-emissions-scandal","display_name":"Volkswagen emissions scandal","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spillover-effects","display_name":"spillover effects","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-manufacturers","display_name":"car manufacturers","score":0.6169999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consumer-valuation","display_name":"consumer valuation","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/car-sales","display_name":"car sales","score":0.7409999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-search-behavior","display_name":"online search behavior","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consumer-confidence","display_name":"consumer confidence","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/twitter","display_name":"Twitter","score":0.6729999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corporate-scandals","display_name":"corporate scandals","score":0.4569999873638153}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48798503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q877546","display_name":"Reputation","level":2,"score":0.6785039901733398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5758808255195618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.14081108570098877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.13737890124320984}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3386/w26117","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w26117","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w26117","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w26117","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2809516038","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322614461"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Bureau of Economic Research"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","raw_type":"report"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:ces:ceswps:_6805","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ifo.de/DocDL/cesifo1_wp6805_0.pdf","pdf_url":"https://www.ifo.de/DocDL/cesifo1_wp6805_0.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:nbr:nberwo:26117","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://www.nber.org/papers/w26117.pdf","pdf_url":"http://www.nber.org/papers/w26117.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3386/w26117","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w26117","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w26117","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.3386/w26117","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2809516038","display_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322614461"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Bureau of Economic Research"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"National Bureau of Economic Research","raw_type":"report"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2964649534.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2964649534.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1483323320","https://openalex.org/W1485676192","https://openalex.org/W1557570185","https://openalex.org/W1590632185","https://openalex.org/W1978907431","https://openalex.org/W2093714429","https://openalex.org/W2104117020","https://openalex.org/W2115033532","https://openalex.org/W2119265245","https://openalex.org/W2128383499","https://openalex.org/W2129152596","https://openalex.org/W2133045778","https://openalex.org/W2259398840","https://openalex.org/W2518480943","https://openalex.org/W2620445100","https://openalex.org/W2805300661","https://openalex.org/W2890450186","https://openalex.org/W2921843294","https://openalex.org/W2940161091","https://openalex.org/W2949806170","https://openalex.org/W2972334479","https://openalex.org/W2980570909","https://openalex.org/W3122190984","https://openalex.org/W3122467882","https://openalex.org/W3122579056","https://openalex.org/W3122952517","https://openalex.org/W3123861185","https://openalex.org/W3124203415","https://openalex.org/W3125167223","https://openalex.org/W3135789104","https://openalex.org/W3159672012","https://openalex.org/W3178037780","https://openalex.org/W3210326786","https://openalex.org/W4225630181","https://openalex.org/W6677088131","https://openalex.org/W6679037531"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7112570786","https://openalex.org/W2775999143","https://openalex.org/W3006392163","https://openalex.org/W3188831754","https://openalex.org/W3123861185","https://openalex.org/W4200358963","https://openalex.org/W3122312743","https://openalex.org/W3113115494","https://openalex.org/W3186598300","https://openalex.org/W2607495521"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"uses":[2],"the":[3,37,40,73],"2015":[4],"Volkswagen":[5],"(VW)":[6],"emissions":[7],"scandal":[8,38],"as":[9],"a":[10,23,33,62,76],"natural":[11],"experiment":[12],"to":[13,39,47,61],"provide":[14],"evidence":[15],"that":[16,72],"collective":[17],"reputation":[18,77],"externalities":[19],"are":[20],"economically":[21],"significant.Using":[22],"combination":[24],"of":[25,51,56,88],"difference-in-differences":[26],"and":[27,60,85],"demand":[28],"estimation":[29],"approaches,":[30],"we":[31],"document":[32],"spillover":[34,45,78],"effect":[35],"from":[36,91],"non-VW":[41],"German":[42],"auto":[43],"manufacturers.The":[44],"amounts":[46],"an":[48],"average":[49],"drop":[50],"$2,057":[52],"in":[53,65],"consumer":[54,89],"valuations":[55],"these":[57],"manufacturers'":[58],"vehicles":[59],"34.6%":[63],"reduction":[64],"their":[66],"annual":[67],"sales.We":[68],"substantiate":[69],"our":[70],"interpretation":[71],"estimates":[74],"reflect":[75],"using":[79],"data":[80],"on":[81],"internet":[82],"search":[83],"behavior":[84],"direct":[86],"measures":[87],"sentiment":[90],"Twitter.":[92]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2019-08-13T00:00:00"}
