{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2964584607","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02162","title":"Liposomal glutathione as a promising candidate for immunological rheumatoid arthritis therapy","display_name":"Liposomal glutathione as a promising candidate for immunological rheumatoid arthritis therapy","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2964584607","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02162","mag":"2964584607","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31384691","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6661417"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02162","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02162","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02162","pdf_url":"http://www.cell.com/article/S2405844019358220/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2898612692","display_name":"Heliyon","issn_l":"2405-8440","issn":["2405-8440"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Heliyon","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"http://www.cell.com/article/S2405844019358220/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087916019","display_name":"Mai O. Kadry","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3920-6263","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3920-6263"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131959","display_name":"National Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/02n85j827","country_code":"EG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131959"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mai O. Kadry","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Research Center, Therapeutic Chemistry Department, Al Bouhooth Street, Dokki, Giza, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Research Center, Therapeutic Chemistry Department, Al Bouhooth Street, Dokki, Giza, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131959"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5087916019"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131959"],"apc_list":{"value":1500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1500},"apc_paid":{"value":1500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1500},"fwci":1.6932,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83292269,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"7","first_page":"e02162","last_page":"e02162"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10200","display_name":"Rheumatoid Arthritis Research and Therapies","score":0.8413000106811523,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10200","display_name":"Rheumatoid Arthritis Research and Therapies","score":0.8413000106811523,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13026","display_name":"Natural Compounds in Disease Treatment","score":0.10540000349283218,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2707","display_name":"Complementary and alternative medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10063","display_name":"Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery","score":0.035599999129772186,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2502","display_name":"Biomaterials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rheumatoid-arthritis","display_name":"rheumatoid arthritis","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanomedicine","display_name":"nanomedicine","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pristane-induced-arthritis","display_name":"pristane-induced arthritis","score":0.8640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-permeability-and-retention-effect","display_name":"enhanced permeability and retention effect","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/c-reactive-protein","display_name":"C-reactive protein","score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malondialdehyde","display_name":"malondialdehyde","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rheumatoid-factor","display_name":"rheumatoid factor","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxidative-stress","display_name":"oxidative stress","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antioxidants","display_name":"antioxidants","score":0.6039999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anti-inflammatory-therapy","display_name":"anti-inflammatory therapy","score":0.5960000157356262}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777575956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187255","display_name":"Rheumatoid arthritis","level":2,"score":0.8131504654884338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C538909803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q116907","display_name":"Glutathione","level":3,"score":0.8084816336631775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778401633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418661","display_name":"Malondialdehyde","level":3,"score":0.7453609108924866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164027704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3491837","display_name":"Proinflammatory cytokine","level":3,"score":0.6370611786842346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.6309938430786133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5704171061515808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898814","display_name":"Oxidative stress","level":2,"score":0.5279523134231567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185154212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410454","display_name":"Liposome","level":2,"score":0.5097529292106628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776232647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q702883","display_name":"Rheumatoid factor","level":3,"score":0.5012845993041992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777077863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170990","display_name":"Arthritis","level":2,"score":0.4981868267059326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.4131157100200653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776914184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101991","display_name":"Inflammation","level":2,"score":0.39618271589279175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.3838467597961426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3610221743583679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.15051919221878052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181199279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047","display_name":"Enzyme","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02162","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02162","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02162","pdf_url":"http://www.cell.com/article/S2405844019358220/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2898612692","display_name":"Heliyon","issn_l":"2405-8440","issn":["2405-8440"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Heliyon","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5626755","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6661417","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6661417","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6661417","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Heliyon","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:31384691","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31384691","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Heliyon","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0c8abef2666a4d9084166345bc5617b0","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0c8abef2666a4d9084166345bc5617b0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Heliyon, Vol 5, Iss 7, Pp e02162- (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02162","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02162","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02162","pdf_url":"http://www.cell.com/article/S2405844019358220/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2898612692","display_name":"Heliyon","issn_l":"2405-8440","issn":["2405-8440"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Heliyon","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6322456946","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AR110204","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310077","funder_display_name":"National Research Centre"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310077","display_name":"National Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/02n85j827"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2964584607.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W99374810","https://openalex.org/W1840785378","https://openalex.org/W1965063429","https://openalex.org/W1965614289","https://openalex.org/W1980754997","https://openalex.org/W1983310681","https://openalex.org/W1989850256","https://openalex.org/W1999918836","https://openalex.org/W2010692719","https://openalex.org/W2011702606","https://openalex.org/W2037048276","https://openalex.org/W2067501865","https://openalex.org/W2068359337","https://openalex.org/W2093488642","https://openalex.org/W2098047948","https://openalex.org/W2107821023","https://openalex.org/W2110826367","https://openalex.org/W2112464509","https://openalex.org/W2130376957","https://openalex.org/W2132049460","https://openalex.org/W2146163019","https://openalex.org/W2165207036","https://openalex.org/W2168024298","https://openalex.org/W2397788451","https://openalex.org/W4210968471","https://openalex.org/W4211242412","https://openalex.org/W7075653264"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4403774986","https://openalex.org/W4393931528","https://openalex.org/W4313392131","https://openalex.org/W3012697785","https://openalex.org/W2419372507","https://openalex.org/W1763920626","https://openalex.org/W4385902889","https://openalex.org/W2617903725","https://openalex.org/W2073611489","https://openalex.org/W4404258950"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Nano-medicine":[0],"can":[1,23],"passively":[2],"accumulate":[3],"in":[4,60,76,111,180],"chronic":[5,32],"inflammatory":[6,33],"tissues":[7],"via":[8,63],"the":[9,46,71,74,124,137,175],"enhanced":[10],"permeability":[11],"and":[12,40,145,162,170],"retention":[13],"phenomenon,":[14],"or":[15,109],"by":[16,29],"being":[17],"conjugated":[18],"with":[19,89,107,123,150,174],"a":[20,77,90,112],"ligand":[21],"that":[22,160],"bind":[24],"to":[25,36],"receptors":[26],"over":[27],"expressed":[28],"cells":[30],"inside":[31],"tissues,":[34],"contributing":[35],"reduced":[37,166],"systemic":[38],"side-effects":[39],"increased":[41],"efficacy.":[42],"This":[43],"article":[44],"highlights":[45],"utilization":[47],"of":[48,53,68,73,80,114,177],"nanomedicine":[49],"for":[50,118],"potential":[51],"treatment":[52],"rheumatoid":[54,146,167],"arthritis.":[55],"Rheumatoid":[56],"arthritis":[57,88],"was":[58,134,154],"induced":[59],"rat":[61,84],"model":[62],"2":[64],"weeks":[65,94,99],"intradermal":[66],"injection":[67],"pristane":[69,96,101,151],"at":[70],"base":[72],"tail":[75],"daily":[78,117],"dose":[79,113],"150":[81],"\u03bcl.":[82],"Susceptible":[83],"strains":[85],"developed":[86],"severe":[87],"sudden":[91],"onset":[92],"3":[93],"post":[95,100],"injection.":[97],"Three":[98],"administration;":[102],"rats":[103],"were":[104],"treated":[105,152],"intravenously":[106],"glutathione":[108,161],"liposomal-glutathione":[110],"5":[115],"mg/kg":[116],"30":[119],"days.":[120],"Concomitant":[121],"supplementation":[122],"aforementioned":[125],"antioxidants":[126],"effect":[127,186],"on":[128],"proinflammatory":[129],"marker":[130],"C-reactive":[131,171],"protein":[132,172],"(CRP)":[133],"assessed.":[135],"On":[136],"other":[138],"hand,":[139],"oxidative":[140],"stress":[141],"biomarker":[142],"malondialdehyde":[143,169],"(MDA)":[144],"factor":[147],"(RF)":[148],"compared":[149],"group":[153],"also":[155],"investigated.":[156],"The":[157],"results":[158],"elucidated":[159],"liposomal":[163,178],"-glutathione":[164,179],"significantly":[165],"factor,":[168],"levels":[173],"superiority":[176],"this":[181],"side":[182],"reflecting":[183],"its":[184],"pronounced":[185],"as":[187],"anti-rheumatoid":[188],"agent.":[189]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2019-08-13T00:00:00"}