{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2964316865","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007087419000232","title":"\u2018X-rays don't tell lies\u2019: the Medical Research Council and the measurement of respiratory disability, 1936\u20131945","display_name":"\u2018X-rays don't tell lies\u2019: the Medical Research Council and the measurement of respiratory disability, 1936\u20131945","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2964316865","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007087419000232","mag":"2964316865","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31327321","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7136074"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0007087419000232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007087419000232","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007087419000232","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S70812101","display_name":"The British Journal for the History of Science","issn_l":"0007-0874","issn":["0007-0874","1474-001X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The British Journal for the History of Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7136074","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091913740","display_name":"Coreen Anne McGuire","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3828-8578","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3828-8578"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"COREEN MCGUIRE","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Philosophy, University of Bristol, Cotham House, Bristol, BS6 6JL, UK. Email: c.mcguire@bristol.ac.uk","Department of Philosophy, University of Bristol, Cotham House, Bristol, BS6 6JL, UK. Email:"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Philosophy, University of Bristol, Cotham House, Bristol, BS6 6JL, UK. Email: c.mcguire@bristol.ac.uk","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Philosophy, University of Bristol, Cotham House, Bristol, BS6 6JL, UK. Email:","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5091913740"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"],"apc_list":{"value":2835,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2835},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.6712,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95436875,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"52","issue":"3","first_page":"447","last_page":"465"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14475","display_name":"History of Science and Medicine","score":0.8740000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14475","display_name":"History of Science and Medicine","score":0.8740000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12990","display_name":"Medical History and Innovations","score":0.06319999694824219,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12471","display_name":"History of Science and Natural History","score":0.008200000040233135,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/respiratory-disability","display_name":"respiratory disability","score":0.6520000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pneumoconiosis","display_name":"pneumoconiosis","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coal-miners","display_name":"coal miners","score":0.6269999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coal-dust","display_name":"coal dust","score":0.6370000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spirometry","display_name":"spirometry","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/objectivity-and-subjectivity","display_name":"subjectivity and objectivity","score":0.7310000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/occupational-health","display_name":"occupational health","score":0.5910000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history-of-medicine","display_name":"history of medicine","score":0.5609999895095825}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776715762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q651223","display_name":"Pneumoconiosis","level":2,"score":0.8014735579490662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94124525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912550","display_name":"Categorization","level":2,"score":0.6272122859954834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2482559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q206330","display_name":"Objectivity (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5589404702186584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.5373955965042114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3754718601703644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.3360278010368347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3312399387359619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3201606571674347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.16220837831497192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.11115816235542297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.09637430310249329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003032","descriptor_name":"Coal Mining","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006113","descriptor_name":"United Kingdom","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006233","descriptor_name":"Persons with Disabilities","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011859","descriptor_name":"Radiography","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013147","descriptor_name":"Spirometry","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014965","descriptor_name":"X-Rays","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049673","descriptor_name":"History, 20th Century","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055008","descriptor_name":"Anthracosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":8,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0007087419000232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007087419000232","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007087419000232","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S70812101","display_name":"The British Journal for the History of Science","issn_l":"0007-0874","issn":["0007-0874","1474-001X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The British Journal for the History of Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:31327321","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31327321","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"British journal for the history of science","raw_type":"Historical Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7136074","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7136074","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Br J Hist Sci","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dro.dur.ac.uk.OAI2:37329","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dro.dur.ac.uk/37329/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400188","display_name":"Durham Research Online (Durham University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I190082696","host_organization_name":"Durham University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I190082696"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"The British Journal for the History of Science, 2019, Vol.52(3), pp.447-465 [Peer Reviewed Journal]","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:durham-repository.worktribe.com:1261849","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/file/1261849/1/Accepted%20Journal%20Article","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400188","display_name":"Durham Research Online (Durham University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I190082696","host_organization_name":"Durham University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I190082696"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/:1261849","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/output/1261849","pdf_url":"https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/file/1261849/1/Accepted%20Journal%20Article","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400188","display_name":"Durham Research Online (Durham University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I190082696","host_organization_name":"Durham University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I190082696"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research-information.bris.ac.uk:openaire_cris_publications/3672be2a-0188-4ff0-a8be-3a5c282564c3","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/3672be2a-0188-4ff0-a8be-3a5c282564c3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400895","display_name":"Bristol Research (University of Bristol)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","host_organization_name":"University of Bristol","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"McGuire, C 2019, ''X-rays don't tell lies': The Medical Research Council and the measurement of respiratory disability, 1936-1945', British Journal of the History of Science, pp. 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007087419000232","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research-information.bris.ac.uk:publications/3672be2a-0188-4ff0-a8be-3a5c282564c3","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1983/3672be2a-0188-4ff0-a8be-3a5c282564c3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055359","display_name":"Explore Bristol Research","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"McGuire, C 2019, ''X-rays don't tell lies': The Medical Research Council and the measurement of respiratory disability, 1936-1945', British Journal of the History of Science, pp. 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007087419000232","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7136074","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7136074","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Br J Hist Sci","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.4043000042438507}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5313035863","display_name":"The Life of Breath: breathing in cultural, clinical and lived experience.","funder_award_id":"103339/Z/13/Z","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311904","funder_display_name":"Wellcome Trust"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8297775009","display_name":"The Life of Breath: breathing in cultural, clinical and lived experience.","funder_award_id":"103339","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311904","funder_display_name":"Wellcome Trust"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311904","display_name":"Wellcome Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/029chgv08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320360","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":64,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W356539818","https://openalex.org/W568741874","https://openalex.org/W1539536741","https://openalex.org/W1601623030","https://openalex.org/W1606769934","https://openalex.org/W1971004145","https://openalex.org/W1982873465","https://openalex.org/W1985746945","https://openalex.org/W1988615965","https://openalex.org/W1992684347","https://openalex.org/W1994015369","https://openalex.org/W2000138195","https://openalex.org/W2007771214","https://openalex.org/W2009265681","https://openalex.org/W2013067646","https://openalex.org/W2018139371","https://openalex.org/W2027375995","https://openalex.org/W2052587799","https://openalex.org/W2069226110","https://openalex.org/W2079297308","https://openalex.org/W2107078676","https://openalex.org/W2111743896","https://openalex.org/W2135481799","https://openalex.org/W2144998526","https://openalex.org/W2163284576","https://openalex.org/W2169047158","https://openalex.org/W2169434597","https://openalex.org/W2176974719","https://openalex.org/W2250510202","https://openalex.org/W2320346753","https://openalex.org/W2417858119","https://openalex.org/W2468650946","https://openalex.org/W2477993304","https://openalex.org/W2488177343","https://openalex.org/W2490036414","https://openalex.org/W2497263364","https://openalex.org/W2505952980","https://openalex.org/W2514635076","https://openalex.org/W2583422397","https://openalex.org/W2584858403","https://openalex.org/W2590550211","https://openalex.org/W2595001936","https://openalex.org/W2605479401","https://openalex.org/W2616958469","https://openalex.org/W2621060784","https://openalex.org/W2725181132","https://openalex.org/W2771289342","https://openalex.org/W2796096382","https://openalex.org/W2805497882","https://openalex.org/W2903832670","https://openalex.org/W2950065411","https://openalex.org/W2969028613","https://openalex.org/W2994978545","https://openalex.org/W4205347375","https://openalex.org/W4210980953","https://openalex.org/W4244021162","https://openalex.org/W4245169242","https://openalex.org/W4250414515","https://openalex.org/W4251157393","https://openalex.org/W4253202372","https://openalex.org/W4255720972","https://openalex.org/W4255727569","https://openalex.org/W4302345987","https://openalex.org/W6716908497"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2136108939","https://openalex.org/W3048748787","https://openalex.org/W1992844978","https://openalex.org/W2041531786","https://openalex.org/W1994015369","https://openalex.org/W1886663257","https://openalex.org/W2015377771","https://openalex.org/W2029265992","https://openalex.org/W2047609142","https://openalex.org/W1982873465"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"During":[0],"the":[1,5,8,19,54,57,63,71,74,91,102,126],"first":[2],"half":[3],"of":[4,65,87,98,101,105,110,137],"twentieth":[6],"century,":[7],"mining":[9,33],"industry":[10],"in":[11,107,129],"Britain":[12],"was":[13],"subject":[14],"to":[15,21,43,81,116,131],"recurrent":[16],"disputes":[17],"about":[18],"risk":[20],"miners'":[22],"lungs":[23],"from":[24,53,114],"coal":[25],"dust,":[26],"moderated":[27],"by":[28],"governmental,":[29],"industrial,":[30],"medical":[31],"and":[32,62,89,95,124,134],"bodies.":[34],"In":[35],"this":[36,122],"environment,":[37],"precise":[38],"measurements":[39],"offered":[40],"a":[41],"way":[42],"present":[44],"uncontested":[45],"objective":[46,94],"knowledge.":[47],"By":[48],"accessing":[49],"primary":[50],"source":[51],"material":[52],"National":[55],"Archives,":[56],"South":[58],"Wales":[59],"Miners":[60],"Library":[61],"University":[64],"Bristol's":[66],"Special":[67],"Collections,":[68],"I":[69],"demonstrate":[70],"importance":[72],"that":[73],"British":[75],"Medical":[76],"Research":[77],"Council":[78],"(MRC)":[79],"attached":[80],"standardized":[82],"instrumental":[83],"measures":[84,97],"as":[85],"proof":[86],"objectivity,":[88],"explore":[90],"conflict":[92,123],"between":[93],"subjective":[96],"health.":[99,138],"Examination":[100],"MRC's":[103],"use":[104],"spirometry":[106],"their":[108],"investigation":[109],"pneumoconiosis":[111],"(miner's":[112],"lung)":[113],"1936":[115],"1945":[117],"will":[118],"shed":[119],"light":[120],"on":[121],"illuminate":[125],"politics":[127],"inherent":[128],"attempts":[130],"quantify":[132],"disability":[133],"categorize":[135],"standards":[136]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2019-07-30T00:00:00"}