{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2963097237","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2019-948-6-54-64","title":"The origins of developing private civil cartography in Russia","display_name":"The origins of developing private civil cartography in Russia","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2963097237","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2019-948-6-54-64","mag":"2963097237"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.22389/0016-7126-2019-948-6-54-64","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2019-948-6-54-64","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2019-948-6-54-64","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210204637","display_name":"Geodesy and Cartography","issn_l":"0016-7126","issn":["0016-7126","2587-8492"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Geodesy and Cartography","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063915140","display_name":"M.Yu. Orlov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6985-7297","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6985-7297"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"M.Yu. Orlov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Geodesy, Cartography and SDI"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6985-7297","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Geodesy, Cartography and SDI","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063915140"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.13459444,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"948","issue":"6","first_page":"54","last_page":"64"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13854","display_name":"Historical Geography and Cartography","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13854","display_name":"Historical Geography and Cartography","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14386","display_name":"Libraries, Manuscripts, and Books","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12853","display_name":"Historical Geography and Geographical Thought","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/russian-empire","display_name":"Russian Empire","score":0.6880000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lithography","display_name":"lithography","score":0.6610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/printing-technology","display_name":"printing technology","score":0.7979999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/19th-century","display_name":"19th century","score":0.7200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history-of-cartography","display_name":"history of cartography","score":0.49000000953674316}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195487862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850210","display_name":"Revenue","level":2,"score":0.6240912675857544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141441539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1970908","display_name":"Boom","level":2,"score":0.594514012336731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5921042561531067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.5794445872306824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.5575404167175293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778495208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48349","display_name":"Empire","level":2,"score":0.5199229121208191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780889827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10756188","display_name":"Treasury","level":2,"score":0.5093358755111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.46880441904067993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81631423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10859","display_name":"Spanish Civil War","level":2,"score":0.4482552707195282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148383697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1781695","display_name":"Regional science","level":1,"score":0.361630916595459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.3303747773170471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.31200161576271057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.183108389377594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.18302369117736816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.17709755897521973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15847882628440857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.15467476844787598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.1380000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.11024558544158936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.10627233982086182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.22389/0016-7126-2019-948-6-54-64","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2019-948-6-54-64","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2019-948-6-54-64","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210204637","display_name":"Geodesy and Cartography","issn_l":"0016-7126","issn":["0016-7126","2587-8492"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Geodesy and Cartography","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2553629702"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2553629702","https://openalex.org/W2572416640","https://openalex.org/W3094498092","https://openalex.org/W1970002115","https://openalex.org/W2174327267","https://openalex.org/W4206125749","https://openalex.org/W7105988848","https://openalex.org/W6997570251","https://openalex.org/W2512397161","https://openalex.org/W4245265244"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"the":[1,4,20,25,35,42,46,49,73,89,95,100,106,133,144,155,158,164,167,172,180,191,206,209,212,225,236,240,249,254],"middle":[2],"of":[3,12,34,48,53,61,97,102,113,135,139,157,174,182,196,208,214,227,235,256,261],"XIX":[5],"century":[6],"in":[7,41,57,64,81,147,161,190,203],"Russia":[8,197],"there":[9],"wasa":[10],"boom":[11],"commercial":[13],"or":[14],"civil":[15],"cartography.":[16,258],"The":[17,32,59,83,130,200,233,259],"author":[18,131],"describes":[19],"reasons":[21],"as":[22,24,92,94],"well":[23,93],"background":[26],"for":[27,85,128,242],"such":[28],"a":[29,151],"strong":[30,152],"growth.":[31],"influence":[33,153],"general":[36],"political":[37,192],"and":[38,116,126,141,169,176,185,193,216,229,244],"economic":[39,194],"situation":[40],"Russian":[43],"Empire":[44],"on":[45,154,188],"appearance":[47],"first":[50,165,250],"privately-owned":[51],"publishers":[52],"maps":[54,62,125,140,175,228,243],"was":[55,246],"considered":[56],"detail.":[58],"Depot":[60,109],"established":[63],"1797":[65],"by":[66,143,248],"Paul":[67],"I,":[68],"later":[69],"(1812)":[70],"rearranged":[71],"into":[72],"Military":[74,107],"Topographical":[75,108],"Depot,":[76],"monopolized":[77],"all":[78],"cartographic":[79,86,159,264],"activities":[80],"Russia.":[82],"require":[84],"products":[87,115],"among":[88],"civilian":[90,257],"population,":[91],"scarcity":[96],"funding":[98],"from":[99,171],"treasury":[101],"issuing":[103],"maps,":[104,121],"forced":[105],"to":[110,223,238],"sell":[111],"part":[112],"its":[114],"prepare":[117],"not":[118],"only":[119],"topographic":[120],"but":[122],"also":[123],"training":[124],"atlases":[127,142,177,245],"release.":[129],"considers":[132],"publication":[134,173],"an":[136],"open":[137],"catalog":[138],"military":[145,237],"department":[146],"1858,":[148],"which":[149],"had":[150],"development":[156],"market":[160],"details.":[162],"For":[163],"time,":[166],"expenditures":[168],"revenues":[170],"were":[178,253],"shown;":[179],"dynamics":[181],"increasing":[183],"sales":[184],"their":[186,231],"dependence":[187],"changes":[189],"structure":[195],"are":[198,266],"studied.":[199],"technical":[201],"revolution":[202],"printing":[204,218],"at":[205],"beginning":[207],"19th":[210],"century,":[211],"emergence":[213],"lithography":[215],"new":[217],"machines":[219],"made":[220],"it":[221],"possible":[222],"increase":[224],"circulation":[226],"reduced":[230],"cost.":[232],"inability":[234],"meet":[239],"demand":[241],"used":[247],"entrepreneurs":[251],"who":[252],"founders":[255],"causes":[260],"appearing":[262],"private":[263],"institutions":[265],"discussed.":[267]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2019-07-30T00:00:00"}