{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2962820060","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3174243.3174253","title":"C-LSTM","display_name":"C-LSTM","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-02-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2962820060","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3174243.3174253","mag":"2962820060"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3174243.3174253","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3174243.3174253","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3174243.3174253","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3174243.3174253","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407087960","display_name":"ACM/SIGDA International Symposium on Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2018 ACM/SIGDA International Symposium on Field-Programmable Gate Arrays","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3174243.3174253","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100400133","display_name":"Shuo Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8938-2364","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8938-2364"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuo Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peking University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100356606","display_name":"Zhe Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7056-4133","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7056-4133"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70983195","display_name":"Syracuse University","ror":"https://ror.org/025r5qe02","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70983195"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhe Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70983195"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030060072","display_name":"Caiwen Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0891-1231","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0891-1231"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70983195","display_name":"Syracuse University","ror":"https://ror.org/025r5qe02","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70983195"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Caiwen Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70983195"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100770278","display_name":"Bo Yuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3978-2930","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3978-2930"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174216632","display_name":"City University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/00453a208","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174216632"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["City University of New York, New York City, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"City University of New York, New York City, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174216632"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018468480","display_name":"Qinru Qiu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2546-0655","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2546-0655"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70983195","display_name":"Syracuse University","ror":"https://ror.org/025r5qe02","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70983195"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qinru Qiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70983195"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100651384","display_name":"Yanzhi Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3024-7990","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3024-7990","https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3924-6466","https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4749-5860"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70983195","display_name":"Syracuse University","ror":"https://ror.org/025r5qe02","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70983195"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanzhi Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70983195"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100604860","display_name":"Yun Eric Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9076-7998","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9076-7998"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yun Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peking University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.5513,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":221,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9835095,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"11","last_page":"20"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.6029999852180481,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.6029999852180481,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10904","display_name":"Embedded Systems Design Techniques","score":0.24539999663829803,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.05550000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-short-term-memory-networks","display_name":"long short-term memory networks","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustic-recognition","display_name":"acoustic recognition","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fpga-implementation","display_name":"FPGA implementation","score":0.7649999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-compression","display_name":"model compression","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pruning","display_name":"pruning","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sparse-matrices","display_name":"sparse matrices","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/irregular-memory-access","display_name":"irregular memory access","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-efficiency","display_name":"energy efficiency","score":0.9010000228881836}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8111757040023804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108010975","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q500094","display_name":"Pruning","level":2,"score":0.7996793985366821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.627249538898468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.5932065844535828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.585949182510376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.455301970243454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133488467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6673524","display_name":"Long short term memory","level":4,"score":0.4373601973056793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56372850","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1050404","display_name":"Sparse matrix","level":3,"score":0.42937541007995605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.3916779160499573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.352460116147995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3480640947818756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.327190101146698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147168706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1457734","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","level":3,"score":0.17473292350769043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.16576024889945984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.14387163519859314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3174243.3174253","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3174243.3174253","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3174243.3174253","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3174243.3174253","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407087960","display_name":"ACM/SIGDA International Symposium on Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2018 ACM/SIGDA International Symposium on Field-Programmable Gate Arrays","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3174243.3174253","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3174243.3174253","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3174243.3174253","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3174243.3174253","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407087960","display_name":"ACM/SIGDA International Symposium on Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2018 ACM/SIGDA International Symposium on Field-Programmable Gate Arrays","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2440810127","display_name":"NeTS: Medium: Collaborative Research: Big Data Enabled Wireless Networking: A Deep Learning Approach","funder_award_id":"1704662","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4856824351","display_name":"CPS: Medium: Enabling Multimodal Sensing, Real-time Onboard Detection and Adaptive Control for Fully Autonomous Unmanned Aerial Systems","funder_award_id":"1739748","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2962820060.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2962820060.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W103363883","https://openalex.org/W330298975","https://openalex.org/W1489355995","https://openalex.org/W1492347181","https://openalex.org/W1635512741","https://openalex.org/W1766888123","https://openalex.org/W1919191429","https://openalex.org/W1982052956","https://openalex.org/W2005708641","https://openalex.org/W2100649405","https://openalex.org/W2106018915","https://openalex.org/W2152517358","https://openalex.org/W2166029537","https://openalex.org/W2270323267","https://openalex.org/W2271840356","https://openalex.org/W2293634267","https://openalex.org/W2314470091","https://openalex.org/W2527036487","https://openalex.org/W2582999260","https://openalex.org/W2585164556","https://openalex.org/W2585720638","https://openalex.org/W2588448445","https://openalex.org/W2591922920","https://openalex.org/W2624868339","https://openalex.org/W2625954420","https://openalex.org/W2626112510","https://openalex.org/W2627042741","https://openalex.org/W2729080111","https://openalex.org/W2751366252","https://openalex.org/W2963147303","https://openalex.org/W2964299589"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2787895998","https://openalex.org/W2945886900","https://openalex.org/W4388214780","https://openalex.org/W7148868166","https://openalex.org/W4205713712","https://openalex.org/W2940345045","https://openalex.org/W7207896256","https://openalex.org/W3007929985","https://openalex.org/W3003890579","https://openalex.org/W4388145607"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recently,":[0],"significant":[1],"accuracy":[2],"improvement":[3],"has":[4],"been":[5],"achieved":[6],"for":[7],"acoustic":[8],"recognition":[9],"systems":[10],"by":[11],"increasing":[12],"the":[13,23,37,54,60,65,69,73,77,96],"model":[14,28,55,78],"size":[15,25,56],"of":[16,26,68,76],"Long":[17],"Short-Term":[18],"Memory":[19],"(LSTM)":[20],"networks.":[21],"Unfortunately,":[22],"ever-increasing":[24],"LSTM":[27],"leads":[29,85],"to":[30,36,45,52,79,86],"inefficient":[31],"designs":[32],"on":[33,62],"FPGAs":[34],"due":[35],"limited":[38],"on-chip":[39],"resources.":[40],"The":[41],"previous":[42],"work":[43],"proposes":[44],"use":[46],"a":[47],"pruning":[48,70],"based":[49],"compression":[50],"technique":[51,71],"reduce":[53],"and":[57,89,93,99],"thus":[58,94],"speedups":[59],"inference":[61],"FPGAs.":[63],"However,":[64],"random":[66],"nature":[67],"transforms":[72],"dense":[74],"matrices":[75],"highly":[80],"unstructured":[81],"sparse":[82],"ones,":[83],"which":[84],"unbalanced":[87],"computation":[88],"irregular":[90],"memory":[91],"accesses":[92],"hurts":[95],"overall":[97],"performance":[98],"energy":[100],"efficiency.":[101]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":42},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":42},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":42},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":14}],"updated_date":"2026-10-29T09:56:32.521200","created_date":"2019-07-30T00:00:00"}
