{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2962591682","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/esem.2019.8870139","title":"Framework Code Samples: How Are They Maintained and Used by Developers?","display_name":"Framework Code Samples: How Are They Maintained and Used by Developers?","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2962591682","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/esem.2019.8870139","mag":"2962591682"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/esem.2019.8870139","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/esem.2019.8870139","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/esem.2019.8870139","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197744","display_name":"Proceedings of the ... ACM-IEEE International Symposium on Empirical Software Engineering and Measurement/International Symposium on Empirical Software Engineering and Measurement","issn_l":"1938-6451","issn":["1938-6451","1949-3770","1949-3789"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["norway-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 ACM/IEEE International Symposium on Empirical Software Engineering and Measurement (ESEM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1907.05564","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080453604","display_name":"Gabriel Menezes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6296-074X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6296-074X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122558511","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul","ror":"https://ror.org/0366d2847","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122558511"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gabriel Menezes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computing UFMS, Brazil","Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computing UFMS, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122558511"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122558511"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061905874","display_name":"Bruno Cafeo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9908-4384","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9908-4384"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122558511","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul","ror":"https://ror.org/0366d2847","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122558511"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bruno Cafeo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computing UFMS, Brazil","Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computing UFMS, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122558511"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122558511"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044506720","display_name":"Andr\u00e9 Hora","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4900-1330","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4900-1330"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110200422","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais","ror":"https://ror.org/0176yjw32","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andre Hora","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, UFMG, Brazil","FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF MINAS GERAIS"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, UFMG, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF MINAS GERAIS","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110200422"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3938,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82269684,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10430","display_name":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12799","display_name":"Mobile and Web Applications","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/android-framework","display_name":"Android framework","score":0.6299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spring-boot","display_name":"Spring Boot","score":0.8119999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-framework","display_name":"software framework","score":0.42399999499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lessons-learned","display_name":"lessons learned","score":0.5350000262260437}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7900335788726807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.6118180751800537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557433098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94","display_name":"Android (operating system)","level":2,"score":0.5584088563919067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.5550153255462646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.5026900768280029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40523978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14675","display_name":"Fork (system call)","level":2,"score":0.494625061750412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1357284","display_name":"Popularity","level":2,"score":0.4616275131702423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101317890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q940053","display_name":"Software maintenance","level":4,"score":0.4612594544887543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121957198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14365593","display_name":"KPI-driven code analysis","level":5,"score":0.46074095368385315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199519371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q942695","display_name":"Source lines of code","level":3,"score":0.45781081914901733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150292731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1342704","display_name":"Code review","level":5,"score":0.4550108313560486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.44832342863082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10272871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929972","display_name":"Software inspection","level":5,"score":0.44303205609321594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.42036256194114685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.407853364944458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137287247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1329550","display_name":"Static program analysis","level":4,"score":0.3907738924026489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.28269681334495544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.23841217160224915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117447612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412670","display_name":"Software quality","level":4,"score":0.22161972522735596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.16236522793769836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/esem.2019.8870139","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/esem.2019.8870139","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/esem.2019.8870139","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197744","display_name":"Proceedings of the ... ACM-IEEE International Symposium on Empirical Software Engineering and Measurement/International Symposium on Empirical Software Engineering and Measurement","issn_l":"1938-6451","issn":["1938-6451","1949-3770","1949-3789"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["norway-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 ACM/IEEE International Symposium on Empirical Software Engineering and Measurement (ESEM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1907.05564","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1907.05564","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1907.05564","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2962591682","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1907.05564.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1907.05564","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1907.05564","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1907.05564","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1907.05564","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1907.05564","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1907.05564","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321091","display_name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","ror":"https://ror.org/00x0ma614"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322025","display_name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","ror":"https://ror.org/03swz6y49"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2962591682.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2962591682.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W19752705","https://openalex.org/W1517055698","https://openalex.org/W1564363189","https://openalex.org/W1873022895","https://openalex.org/W1969622507","https://openalex.org/W1976847375","https://openalex.org/W1986601961","https://openalex.org/W1986711365","https://openalex.org/W1989526951","https://openalex.org/W2022429945","https://openalex.org/W2040915209","https://openalex.org/W2051204868","https://openalex.org/W2052657693","https://openalex.org/W2056139220","https://openalex.org/W2081757705","https://openalex.org/W2098347799","https://openalex.org/W2100447922","https://openalex.org/W2123570619","https://openalex.org/W2134829794","https://openalex.org/W2138128692","https://openalex.org/W2153943889","https://openalex.org/W2160098564","https://openalex.org/W2162563790","https://openalex.org/W2169952536","https://openalex.org/W2298285108","https://openalex.org/W2406533925","https://openalex.org/W2440056063","https://openalex.org/W2545861367","https://openalex.org/W2600915151","https://openalex.org/W2610548325","https://openalex.org/W2773858744","https://openalex.org/W2794716673","https://openalex.org/W2963304573","https://openalex.org/W3121596715","https://openalex.org/W3147574292","https://openalex.org/W4232188856","https://openalex.org/W4241089335","https://openalex.org/W4289255588","https://openalex.org/W4291213652","https://openalex.org/W6977674938"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3215331453","https://openalex.org/W4388640507","https://openalex.org/W4296534603","https://openalex.org/W7120364232","https://openalex.org/W3154547128","https://openalex.org/W2040070835","https://openalex.org/W2766228130","https://openalex.org/W2257436688","https://openalex.org/W2123570619","https://openalex.org/W4312409516"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Modern":[1],"software":[2],"systems":[3],"are":[4,24,38,66,102],"commonly":[5,137],"built":[6],"on":[7,62,115],"the":[8,14,53,111,139],"top":[9],"of":[10,17,55,78,152,161],"frameworks.":[11],"To":[12],"accelerate":[13],"learning":[15],"process":[16],"features":[18],"provided":[19],"by":[20,51,70],"frameworks,":[21],"code":[22,36,57,64,76,100,140,162],"samples":[23,37,65,77,101,163],"made":[25],"available":[26],"to":[27,47,86,110,126,128,157,164],"assist":[28],"developers.":[29,71],"However,":[30],"we":[31,45],"know":[32],"little":[33],"about":[34],"how":[35,63],"actually":[39],"developed.":[40],"Aims:":[41],"In":[42],"this":[43,49],"paper,":[44],"aim":[46],"fill":[48],"gap":[50],"assessing":[52],"characteristics":[54],"framework":[56,130],"samples.":[58],"We":[59,73,96,132,148],"provide":[60,106,149],"insights":[61],"maintained":[67],"and":[68,80,82,92,104,113,155,159,167],"used":[69],"Method:":[72],"analyze":[74],"233":[75],"Android":[79],"SpringBoot,":[81],"assess":[83],"aspects":[84],"related":[85],"their":[87],"source":[88],"code,":[89],"evolution,":[90],"popularity,":[91],"client":[93],"usage.":[94],"Results:":[95],"find":[97],"that":[98,135],"most":[99],"small":[103],"simple,":[105],"a":[107,150],"working":[108],"environment":[109],"clients,":[112],"rely":[114],"automated":[116],"build":[117],"tools.":[118],"They":[119],"change":[120],"frequently":[121],"over":[122],"time,":[123],"for":[124],"example,":[125],"adapt":[127],"new":[129],"versions.":[131],"also":[133],"detect":[134],"clients":[136,160],"fork":[138],"samples,":[141],"however,":[142],"they":[143],"rarely":[144],"modify":[145],"them.":[146],"Conclusions:":[147],"set":[151],"lessons":[153],"learned":[154],"implications":[156],"creators":[158],"improve":[165],"maintenance":[166],"usage":[168],"activities.":[169]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2019-07-23T00:00:00"}