{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2960714643","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/gox.0000000000002329","title":"The Oxymoron of Financial Illiteracy in a Highly Educated Population: Are We Appropriately Equipping Trainees?","display_name":"The Oxymoron of Financial Illiteracy in a Highly Educated Population: Are We Appropriately Equipping Trainees?","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2960714643","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/gox.0000000000002329","mag":"2960714643","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31942356","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6952127"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/gox.0000000000002329","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/gox.0000000000002329","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/gox.0000000000002329","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2754281505","display_name":"Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery Global Open","issn_l":"2169-7574","issn":["2169-7574"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318547","host_organization_name":"Wolters Kluwer","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/gox.0000000000002329","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011012339","display_name":"Oluwaseun A. Adetayo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1909-521X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1909-521X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I77920804","display_name":"Albany Medical Center Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0307crw42","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405259726","https://openalex.org/I77920804"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Oluwaseun A. Adetayo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Plastic Surgery, Albany Medical Center, Albany, N.Y"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Plastic Surgery, Albany Medical Center, Albany, N.Y","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I77920804"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068069848","display_name":"Rachel S. Ford","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0629-0593","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0629-0593"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1293502524","display_name":"Loma Linda University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03et1qs84","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1293502524"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rachel S. Ford","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Plastic Surgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, Calif"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plastic Surgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, Calif","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293502524"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077027843","display_name":"Lakshmi Nair","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4201-0763","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4201-0763"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405260259","display_name":"Albany Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/03g66yt05","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405259726","https://openalex.org/I4405260259"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lakshmi Nair","raw_affiliation_strings":["Albany Medical College, Albany, N.Y"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Albany Medical College, Albany, N.Y","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405260259"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012799497","display_name":"Myrna Eliann Reinhardt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1767-766X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1767-766X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405260259","display_name":"Albany Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/03g66yt05","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405259726","https://openalex.org/I4405260259"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Myrna Eliann Reinhardt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Albany Medical College, Albany, N.Y"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Albany Medical College, Albany, N.Y","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405260259"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011012339"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I77920804"],"apc_list":{"value":2195,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2195},"apc_paid":{"value":2195,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2195},"fwci":5.1009,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9480827,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"7","first_page":"e2329","last_page":"e2329"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10517","display_name":"Financial Literacy, Pension, Retirement Analysis","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10517","display_name":"Financial Literacy, Pension, Retirement Analysis","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13744","display_name":"Financial Literacy and Behavior","score":0.0034000000450760126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10254","display_name":"Innovations in Medical Education","score":0.001500000013038516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-literacy","display_name":"financial literacy","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-education","display_name":"financial education","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-education","display_name":"medical education","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residency-training","display_name":"residency training","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plastic-surgery-residents","display_name":"plastic surgery residents","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-graduates","display_name":"medical graduates","score":0.6520000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-debt","display_name":"student debt","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retirement-planning","display_name":"retirement planning","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estate-planning","display_name":"estate planning","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/investment-management","display_name":"investment management","score":0.9079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/saving-behavior","display_name":"saving behavior","score":0.6240000128746033}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777042776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4583103","display_name":"Preparedness","level":2,"score":0.7856355905532837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778002999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7316838","display_name":"Retirement planning","level":2,"score":0.617371141910553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152545","display_name":"Functional illiteracy","level":2,"score":0.5399958491325378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.5203413963317871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120527767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3196867","display_name":"Debt","level":2,"score":0.46233484148979187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.4617690145969391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4529888927936554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72563966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415","display_name":"Cohort","level":2,"score":0.43695566058158875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120912362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136822","display_name":"Higher education","level":2,"score":0.4360312223434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70179600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1416547","display_name":"Financial plan","level":2,"score":0.4202566146850586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47177190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207137","display_name":"Curriculum","level":2,"score":0.4135400652885437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.3645031452178955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.33218348026275635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2984386682510376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.22754895687103271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.16556358337402344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.1460641622543335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.1277780532836914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.12305766344070435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1097/gox.0000000000002329","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/gox.0000000000002329","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/gox.0000000000002329","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2754281505","display_name":"Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery Global Open","issn_l":"2169-7574","issn":["2169-7574"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318547","host_organization_name":"Wolters Kluwer","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5915026","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6952127","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6952127","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6952127","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:31942356","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31942356","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:61deb11ff631448ba1509396fc5739e5","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/61deb11ff631448ba1509396fc5739e5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Global Open, Vol 7, Iss 7, p e2329 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/gox.0000000000002329","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/gox.0000000000002329","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/gox.0000000000002329","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2754281505","display_name":"Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery Global Open","issn_l":"2169-7574","issn":["2169-7574"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318547","host_organization_name":"Wolters Kluwer","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9235000014305115,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education"},{"score":0.6240000128746033,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.7300000190734863,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310839","display_name":"Loma Linda University","ror":"https://ror.org/04bj28v14"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964845642","https://openalex.org/W1972643060","https://openalex.org/W2000475434","https://openalex.org/W2010983202","https://openalex.org/W2039889468","https://openalex.org/W2042587720","https://openalex.org/W2056257310","https://openalex.org/W2062599293","https://openalex.org/W2083690082","https://openalex.org/W2092504298","https://openalex.org/W2944175099","https://openalex.org/W6761952779"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4377011762","https://openalex.org/W4386527958","https://openalex.org/W4225383603","https://openalex.org/W4315785495","https://openalex.org/W4220714140","https://openalex.org/W2618222837","https://openalex.org/W4414751325","https://openalex.org/W4313380892","https://openalex.org/W2987153549","https://openalex.org/W4308128771"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Medical":[0],"professionals":[1],"often":[2],"incur":[3],"a":[4,11,44,62,69,79,162,181,201,227],"significant":[5],"financial":[6,18,32,99,116,160,177,214,232],"burden":[7],"in":[8,168],"pursuit":[9],"of":[10,36,39,43,57,104,128,211],"medical":[12,16,40,169,244],"education.":[13],"Despite":[14],"rigorous":[15],"education,":[17],"education":[19,35,100,161,178,215,233,245],"appears":[20],"to":[21,29,81,176,231],"be":[22,235],"lacking":[23],"during":[24,243],"training.":[25,172,248],"This":[26,74],"study":[27],"intended":[28],"explore":[30],"the":[31,58,88,135,138,156,239],"preparedness":[33],"and":[34,47,111,117,122,131,142,193,222,246],"2":[37],"cohorts":[38],"professionals-alumni":[41],"graduates":[42],"single":[45,63],"institution":[46,64],"current":[48,82,223,240],"plastic":[49,83,143],"surgery":[50,84,144],"residency":[51,59,85,139,171,247],"trainees.":[52],"METHODS:":[53],"An":[54],"electronic":[55],"survey":[56,80,91,136],"alumni":[60,130,140],"at":[61,101,216],"across":[65,87],"all":[66],"specialties":[67],"over":[68],"50-year":[70],"period":[71],"was":[72,75,165],"conducted.":[73],"conducted":[76],"concurrent":[77],"with":[78],"trainees":[86,224],"country.":[89],"The":[90],"explored":[92],"several":[93],"core":[94],"financially":[95],"relevant":[96],"areas,":[97],"including":[98],"various":[102],"levels":[103],"training,":[105],"fiscal":[106],"goals,":[107],"debt":[108],"profile,":[109],"spending":[110],"saving":[112],"habits,":[113],"investment":[114],"management,":[115],"family":[118,182],"obligations,":[119],"estate":[120],"planning,":[121],"retirement":[123,194],"preparedness.":[124],"RESULTS:":[125],"A":[126],"total":[127],"521":[129],"84":[132],"residents":[133],"completed":[134],"from":[137,150],"cohort":[141],"training":[145],"programs":[146],"cohort,":[147],"respectively.":[148],"Results":[149],"both":[151],"groups":[152],"demonstrated":[153],"that":[154,226],"although":[155],"large":[157],"majority":[158],"considered":[159],"priority,":[163],"this":[164],"not":[166],"prioritized":[167],"or":[170,184],"Most":[173],"were":[174],"introduced":[175],"either":[179],"by":[180,185],"member":[183],"self-directed":[186],"learning.":[187],"Data":[188],"on":[189],"investments,":[190],"savings,":[191],"finances,":[192],"planning":[195],"are":[196],"also":[197],"presented.":[198],"CONCLUSIONS:":[199],"As":[200],"very":[202],"literate":[203],"group,":[204],"there":[205],"is":[206],"an":[207,217],"unacceptably":[208],"high":[209],"level":[210],"\"illiteracy\"":[212],"concerning":[213],"early":[218],"stage.":[219],"Practicing":[220],"physicians":[221],"believe":[225],"more":[228],"directed":[229],"approach":[230],"should":[234],"adopted,":[236],"rather":[237],"than":[238],"laissez-faire":[241],"climate":[242]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2019-07-23T00:00:00"}